Economic impact of marker-assisted selection and rapid generation advance on breeding programs

Euphytica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 215 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Bonnecarrere ◽  
Juan Rosas ◽  
Bruno Ferraro
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Rapid Generation Advance ◽  
Rapid Generation

scholarly journals Mapping QTL for spike fertility and related traits in two doubled haploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Pretini ◽  
Leonardo S. Vanzetti ◽  
Ignacio I. Terrile ◽  
Guillermo Donaire ◽  
Fernanda G. González
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Physiological Model ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Fertility Traits ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background In breeding programs, the selection of cultivars with the highest yield potential consisted in the selection of the yield per se, which resulted in cultivars with higher grains per spike (GN) and occasionally increased grain weight (GW) (main numerical components of the yield). In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) for GW, GN and spike fertility traits related to GN determination were mapped using two doubled haploid (DH) populations (Baguette Premium 11 × BioINTA 2002 and Baguette 19 × BioINTA 2002). Results In total 305 QTL were identified for 14 traits, out of which 12 QTL were identified in more than three environments and explained more than 10% of the phenotypic variation in at least one environment. Eight hotspot regions were detected on chromosomes 1A, 2B, 3A, 5A, 5B, 7A and 7B in which at least two major and stable QTL sheared confidence intervals. QTL on two of these regions (R5A.1 and R5A.2) have previously been described, but the other six regions are novel. Conclusions Based on the pleiotropic analysis within a robust physiological model we conclude that two hotspot genomic regions (R5A.1 and R5A.2) together with the QGW.perg-6B are of high relevance to be used in marker assisted selection in order to improve the spike yield potential. All the QTL identified for the spike related traits are the first step to search for their candidate genes, which will allow their better manipulation in the future.

Tools for transforming wheat breeding: genomic selection, rapid generation advance and database-based decision support.

2021 ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
Umesh R. Rosyara ◽  
Kate Dreher ◽  
Bhoja R. Basnet ◽  
Susanne Dreisigacker
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
Breeding Methodology ◽  
Rapid Generation Advance ◽  
Rapid Generation

Abstract This chapter discusses the increased implications in the current breeding methodology of wheat, such as rapid evolution of new sequencing and genotyping technologies, automation of phenotyping, sequencing and genotyping methods and increased use of prediction and machine learning methods. Some of the strategies that will further transform wheat breeding in the next few years are also presented.

scholarly journals Using markers in gene introgression breeding programs.

Genetics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Hospital ◽  
C Chevalet ◽  
P Mulsant
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Gene Introgression ◽  
Selection Intensity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Introgression Breeding ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
High Selection

Abstract We investigate the use of markers to hasten the recovery of the recipient genome during an introgression breeding program. The effects of time and intensity of selection, population size, number and position of selected markers are studied for chromosomes either carrying or not carrying the introgressed gene. We show that marker assisted selection may lead to a gain in time of about two generations, an efficiency below previous theoretical predictions. Markers are most useful when their map position is known. In the early generations, it is shown that increasing the number of markers over three per non-carrier chromosome is not efficient, that the segment surrounding the introgressed gene is better controlled by rather distant markers unless high selection intensity can be applied, and that selection on this segment first can reduce the selection intensity available for selection on non-carrier chromosomes. These results are used to propose an optimal strategy for selection on the whole genome, making the most of available material and conditions (e.g., population size and fertility, genetic map).

scholarly journals Selection of powdery mildew resistant and susceptible grapevine genotypes with molecular markers

2007 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Stella Molnár ◽  
Zsuzsanna Galbács ◽  
Gábor Halász ◽  
Sarolta Hoffmann ◽  
Anikó Veres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Muscadinia Rotundifolia ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Grape Breeding

Incorporation of competitive quality and resistance against the most important fungal diseases (powdery and downy mildew) in a cultivar is one of the most important aims of grapevine breeding. In the 20th century, the most advanced results in grapevine resistance breeding were achieved by French researchers. They used resistant cultivars in more than 30% of their growing areas. In these varieties, North American wild Vitisspecies were the resistance gene sources. The discovery of immunity-like resistance of Muscadinia rotundifolia opened new perspectives in resistance breeding. M. rotundifolia harbours a dominant powdery mildew gene, providing resistance in highquality cultivars after back-crosses with V. vinifera varieties. M. rotundifolia has been involved in the Hungarian grape breeding programs since 1996, thanks to a French-Hungarian variety exchange. In addition to traditional selection methods, application of MAS (Marker Assisted Selection) based on various types ofmolecular markers, can provide additional tools for these efforts. Run1 locus, responsible for powdery mildew resistance, was identified in Muscadinia rotundifolia. Molecular markers closely linked to this locus are very significant in screening progenies deriving from M. rotundifolia and V. vinifera crosses, making possible the discrimination between resistant and susceptible genotypes at DNA level. In our analyses BC5 progeny of {(M. rotundifola×V. vinifera) BC4}×Cardinal (V. vinifera) tested for powdery symptoms were analysed with PCR-RFLP (GLP1- 12P1P3) and microsatellite markers (VMC4f3.1, VMC8g9). Our results proved the applicability of the linked markers and reliability of marker assisted selection.

scholarly journals Marker-assisted breeding of onion (A. cepa L.) maintainer line resistant to Downy mildew

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Ya. T. Eidlin ◽  
G. F. Monakhos ◽  
S. G. Monakhos
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Dna Marker ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Marker Assisted Breeding ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Maternal Line ◽  
Two Generations

Relevance. F1 hybrids breeding programs of onion are based on the use of nuclear cytoplasmic male sterility (NCMS). Breeding and seed production based on NCMS suggest a development of a female sterile maternal line, a maintainer line and a paternal component. The development of an isogenic pair of sterile line – maintainer line is one of the most labor-, time-consuming and intellectually-intensive stages of a breeding program, the implementation of which becomes more complicated with an increase in the number of traits / genes for which selection is carried out.Methods and results. This paper presents a genetic scheme for the development of a Downy mildewresistant (pathogen P. destructor) maintainer line of onion using marker-assisted selection (MAS). F2 populations were obtained from the cross of the female maintainer inbred line, Bn1- (13) (genotype – cytN msms pdpd) and male inbred line resistant to Downy mildew, No. 136 (genotype – cytT MsMs PdPd). DNA marker DMR1 were used for Downy mildew resistance gene Pd, jnurf13 – for maintainer gene ms and marker system 5`cob: orfA501 – for N, S and T cytoplasms. It was shown that the MAS application allow to develop a stable Downy mildew resistant maintainer line cytN msms PdPd in two generations.

Marker-Assisted Selection in Public Breeding Programs

Crop Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1895-1898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Dubcovsky
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Breeding Programs
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