Europa’s interaction with the jovian plasma from hybrid simulation

<p>Galilean moons are embedded in Jupiter’s giant magnetosphere. The jovian plasma particles interact with the atmosphere of the moons, exchanging momentum and energy, and generate different phenoma such as aurora, electric current, etc.</p> <p>The exploration of the Galilean moons, and in particular Ganymede and Europa considered as potential habitats, are listed among the main objectives of the ESA JUpiter ICy moon Explorer mission. In preparation of future observations, a simulation effort is conducted to describe the Europa moon-magnetosphere system as well as a study of radio wave propagation in the environments of Ganymede and Europa using a ray tracing code.</p> <p>LatHyS is a hybrid 3D, multi-species and parallel simulation model which is based on a kinetic description of ions and a fluid description of electrons. The model is based on the CAM-CL algorithm that Alan Matthews¹ outlined in 1994. It allows to describe the interaction between the jovian plasma and the moon environments. As Ganymede's environment has already been implemented, we propose to enrich the model by completing it with Europa's – jovian plasma interaction and to optimize it in order to improve the accuracy of the results.</p> <p>Artemis-P, developed by Gautier² in 2013, is a ray tracing code that calculates the trajectory of waves through a given environment. Planetary environments are anisotropic and inhomogeneous, so that radio waves can undergo refraction, reflection, scattering, diffraction, interference, etc. between the source and the detector. The ray tracing methods allow to treat the refraction and reflection phenomena at large scales compared to the wavelength. The proposed work is to adjust this program to the environments of Ganymede and Europa using data from LatHyS simulations.</p> <p> </p> <p align="left">Références :</p> <p align="left"><sup>1</sup> Alan P. Matthews, Current Advance Method and Cyclic Leapfrog for 2D Multispecies Hybrid Plasma Simulations, Journal of Computational Physics, Volume 112, Issue 1, 1994, Pages 102-116, ISSN 0021-9991, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcph.1994.1084.</p> <p align="left">² Anne-Lise Gautier. Étude de la propagation des ondes radio dans les environnements planétaires. Planétologie et astrophysique de la terre [astro-ph.EP]. Observatoire de Paris, 2013. Français. tel-01145651v2</p>

Innovative Irrigation Using Humidity and Soil Moisture for Efficient Usage of Water in Agriculture Field Compared to Drip Irrigation

Aim: The storage of clean water assets around the world has produced a requirement for their ideal use. Innovative irrigation is the advance method which can overcome the drawbacks of traditional drip irrigation. Materials: In this proposed system two soils, sandy soil with average moisture content 60% and clay soil with average moisture content 76% are taken; A total of 20 samples are taken from 2 groups. The sample size was estimated to be 5 in each group using Gpower with the input soil samples with alpha error of 0.95, threshold value of 0.05, confidence level of 95%, pretest G- power is 80%. Significance of this proposed system is 0.05. Result: Comparing the two soils, the soil which can maintain a low percentage of moisture content appears to be suitable for the irrigation. Minimum percentage of moisture can be achieved by using the smart irrigation system which appear to be better than the traditional drip irrigation. The moisture content in sandy soil is 83% and the clay soil is 63%. Since moisture content is inversely proportional to water content. Conclusion: Clay soil appears to be better than sandy soil, traditional issues in drip irrigation is overcomed by innovative irrigation system.

Green Synthesis and Applications of Nanomaterials

: It is an age of nanomaterials. Nanotechnology has revolutionized the scientific world. Every sphere of technology has benefited a lot by using nanomaterials. Number of physical and chemical methods is being used for the synthesis of nanomaterials. In recent years much emphasis is given for green synthesis particularly by using plant extracts or microorganism. This is useful for promoting environmental sustainability. Microwave heating and ultrasound techniques are also being used for the synthesis of different type of nanomaterials. Green synthesis is an advance method of synthesizing nanomaterials over other methods because of simplicity, lower cost and relatively reproducible. Plants produce more stable nanoparticles compared to other means and it is very straightforward to scale up. The risk of contamination is also lower. In this article different method of green synthesis of nanomaterials, and applications have been reviewed and discussed.

A Complete Review on 3d Printing and Different Process Parameters on which it’s Performance Depends

3D printing is the most advance method of additive manufacturing. In this process, component is made by directly depositing one layer above another. 3D printing has unique ability to produce direct end product which can be directly used without any further process. It can print highly complex design product which are not possible through conventional method of manufacturing. Additive manufacturing has wide area of application like medical, heat transfer, mechanical and many more. Since last two decades, there is a drastic change in the research of additive manufacturing. Researcher are optimizing the different process parameters which make 3D printing more valuable and flexible so that it can fulfill the requirement of different areas of application. So it is necessary to understand the different process parameters and mechanism which are responsible for high quality 3D printing. Here in this paper a complete review of 3D printing is done.

Design of Secure Blockchain Convolution Neural Network Architecture for Detection Malware Attacks

Nowadays, Cyberattack continues to target the applications and networks more than past with different and advance ways like programming complex format of malware that it executes unauthorized action on the targeted system, so it is needed to develop and deploy advance method to these kind of attacks for detecting correctly with a trusted and a better accuracy. Therefore, the recent solutions to detect malware attacks focuses on new advance technologies like Deep learning and Machine learning concepts. In this paper we have developed secure blockchain convolution (SBC) Algorithm that provides a better way of analyzing malware data with effectiveness and accuracy. The deep learning concept does not involve in a method to identify the trust while the process is led to extraction of the features as it can be infected by the intervention of human or a trained system. Therefore, According to research which is done towards blockchain, it features as authentication function, immutable property, information privacy and safety helps in deployment of Convolution Neural Network method with better detection. Blockchain has a decentralized structure which is able to record the data between various parties and it helps in preventing the manipulation when the deep learning concept is applied and the higher detection accuracy is received in the limited time.

Extended Advanced Method of Clustering Big data to Achieve high Dimensionality

Clustering is one of the relevant knowledge engineering methods of data analysis. The clustering method will automatically directly affect the result dataset. The proposed work aims at developing an Extended Advanced Method of Clustering (EAMC) to address numerous types of issues associated to large and high dimensional dataset. The proposed Extended Advance Method of clustering will repetitively avoid computational time between each data cluster object contained by the cluster that saves execution time in term. For each iteration EAMC needs a data structure to store data that can be utilized for the next iteration. We have gained outcomes from the proposed method, which demonstrates that there is an improvement in effectiveness and pace of clustering and precision generation, which will decrease the convolution of computing over the old algorithms like SOM, HAC, and K-means. This paper includes EAMC and the investigational outcomes done using academic datasets

Evaluation of Physical Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Underground Wells in Badra City, Iraq

The quality of groundwater should be improved by keeping safe water sources from contaminants in protective way by doing regular measuring and checkup before it supplied for usage. Private Wells do not receive the same services that wells supplying the public do. Well owners are responsible for protecting their drinking water. This work was carried out in Badra city, Iraq from December 2017 to May 2018, six wells water were investigated to determine the general characteristics of wells as well as studying the effect of environmental factors on the quality of water. The average of six wells were eleven parameters that is out of permissible limits were EC, Sal., Alk., TH, TDS, Na, Ca, Cl, SO4, Fe, Zn (4402-5183 /cm, 2.76-3.9 ppt, 302-366mg/L, 3164-4248 mg/L, 604-675 mg/L, 375-524 mg/L, 635-871 mg/L, 631-1107 mg/L, 2430-4570 g/L, 114-392 g/L). Respectively, microbiological investigations involved the total coliform, total plate count, as well as the detection for the presence of E. coli, Salmonella and Cholera. Results shows that there is a significant relation between the increasing of the TDS and Turbidity, TDS gives an indication for the significant increasing of chemical ions. Wells number 3, 4 and 5 showed gave positive results for E.coli growth which as a source of microbial pollution. Detection for the presence of chemical and microbial contaminate is an important alarm since this water has a direct effect on the human and animal's health. Advance method of rapid detection for the well water quality is highly recommended to avoid any health issue and prevent the outbreak of health risk and ecological contaminants.

Stabilize Nonlinear Interactive Process by Predictive Method on Receding Horizon

In this concept, analyze two processes model with certain tuning conditions. Design process with nonlinear conditions, disturbance and unstable position along with mutually interaction. Most of the processes are dynamic only w.r.t manipulated variable, disturbances and other unexpected conditions. Two models are resembled as interactive and mutual controlled process through sensors. Compare both processes with and without nonlinearity along with disturbance with tuning condition upto reach set point. Estimate prediction horizon, control horizon, weighted input, weighted rate of input, weighted output and desire trajectory are imposed for both processes by nonlinear predictive control. The main intense to regulate pressure and get desire level with impact of disturbances as temperature, added impurities etc… In this work, can be extended interaction of process with NMPC by adding more complexity and stabilize with certain tuning methods. NMPC is advance method to predictive input as well as output with respected sample time based on prediction horizon and control horizon on receding horizon of axis.

Application of groundwater transport modelling in groundwater development and management: a review

Groundwater is one of the very sensible natural resource and to protect its quality there is need of proper management system. Groundwater modelling is very advance method for the simulation, forecasting and set remediation strategy to protect the ground-water system, it is an emerging field in groundwater study. So many scientists and researchers are working on this to prepare a groundwater management strategy and to improve the efficiency of the model. For solving the different groundwater related issues, it is important to select proper model. For the accuracy of the model result, it needs to have proper idea about the model, procedure of model run and selection of model basing on the problems. There are a smaller number of modelling software like SWAT, MODFLOW, MT3DMS, RT3D, MT3D, FLUXOS, CXTFIT, FEFLOW, Retraso-Code-Bright etc. Sometimes coupled models are also preferable as per the problem. This paper based on review of the general characteristics of different transport modelling software, methodology of the model development and its application in the different issues related to groundwater development and management.