Emerging Adults Versus Middle-Aged Adults: Do they Differ in Psychological Needs, Self-Esteem and Life Satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Butkovic ◽  
J. Tomas ◽  
A. M. Spanic ◽  
T. Vukasovic Hlupic ◽  
D. Bratko
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Benefits of volunteerism for middle-aged and older adults: comparisons between types of volunteering activities

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Alfred H. K. Lam ◽  
Dannii Y. Yeung ◽  
Edwin K. H. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract Volunteering is a popular activity among middle-aged and older adults as means to contribute to the society and to maintain personal health and wellbeing. While the benefits of volunteering have been well-documented in the current literature, it does not tend to distinguish between various types of volunteering activities. This cross-sectional study aims to compare the effects of instrumental (e.g. food preparation, fundraising) and cognitively demanding volunteering activities (e.g. befriending, mentoring) in a sample of 487 middle-aged and older Hong Kong Chinese adults. Participation in instrumental and cognitively demanding volunteering, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, cognitive functioning and hand-grip strength were measured. The results of two-way between-subject robust analyses of variance demonstrated significant main effects of volunteering type and their interaction effect with age on life satisfaction and depressive symptoms. Comparisons among four volunteering groups (no volunteering, instrumental volunteering, cognitively demanding volunteering and both types) revealed that individuals engaging in instrumental volunteering exhibited lower life satisfaction and more depressive symptoms compared to those who engaged in cognitively demanding volunteering and those who did not volunteer at all. This detrimental pattern of instrumental volunteering was only seen in middle-aged adults, but not in older adults. Findings of this study revealed distinctive effects of two volunteering types, and provide valuable directions for designing future volunteering programmes.

Mind games: Parental psychological control and emerging adults’ adjustment

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 695-714
Author(s):  
Amanda N. Faherty ◽  
Katie Lowe ◽  
Jeffrey Jensen Arnett
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Parental Psychological Control

Although parental psychological control has been consistently linked with negative outcomes in the child and adolescent literature, little is known about how it functions during the developmental time frame of emerging adulthood, which is characterized by increased freedom and instability. Consequently, this study examined the extent to which paternal and maternal psychological controls were directly and indirectly (via self-esteem) related to hallmarks of emerging adult adjustment, notably risky behaviors, life satisfaction, and feelings about adulthood status. Recruited via MTurk, participants were 310 emerging adults ( M age = 25.37; 56% female) across the U.S. who completed an online survey. Results revealed paternal psychological control had a direct effect on risky behaviors and self-esteem, whereas maternal psychological control solely had a direct effect on risky behaviors. Results also indicated indirect effects of paternal psychological control. Increases in paternal psychological control were linked to declines in self-esteem, which in turn was associated with decreased life satisfaction and endorsement of adulthood status. Altogether, findings suggest that even low levels of parental psychological control were linked to detrimental outcomes in an age-representative sample—encompassing the full age range of emerging adulthood from 18 years to 29 years—of emerging adults. Thus, findings contribute to a better understanding of parent–child relationships and the consequences of parental control during the third decade of life, which has important implications for informing parenting strategies across emerging adulthood.

scholarly journals Advertising Challenges in the Ageing Society: The Preferences of the Regular Gym-goers towards Age Portrayals in Advertising

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Alina Duduciuc ◽  
Monica Bîră ◽  
Liora Zyrtec
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Ageing Society ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Media Research ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Research studies from various disciplines including sociology, psychology, social psychology, marketing, advertising and media research have analyzed the representation of old-aged people in advertising, as well as the consumers’ habits of a targeted population aged 50 and over. Despite the availability of data on inappropriate depiction of seniors in media (including advertising), little research has been done so far to understand which are the seniors’ preferences regarding their portrayal in certain advertising campaigns. The aim of the current study was to explore the preferences of middle-aged adults toward the representation of old age in advertising. Specifically, we tested whether there is a relationship between the preferences of Romanians gym-goers (45-60 years) on age-related advertising and their body image. The results showed that the middle-aged adults prefer models that do not necessary match their age, that is the young older model. Our data also revealed that the choices for age representations in advertising were not associated with respondents’ body image emotions in certain contexts or situations. No significant relationship between body image and preference towards age-related representations in advertising was obtained. Additionally, the analysis of the data also revealed that compared to men, women are more likely to express displeasure with their body weights, and they believe the body image strongly impacts their self-esteem during life.

scholarly journals The mediating effect of basic vocational competency in the effect of self-esteem on job search skills of Korean middle-aged job seekers

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 560-568
Author(s):  
Yun-Jeong Kim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
National Level ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Job Skills ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Introduction. Middle-aged Koreans are constantly looking for jobs in order to re-employ, despite the insecurity of declining job quality and wage levels. In order to be re-employed, it is necessary to improve job-search skills. As a way to improve job search skills, the focus was on job-seekers' self-esteem and basic vocational competency. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effect of vocational competency in the effect of self-esteem on job search skills. Study participants and methods. The participants in this study were 357 middle-aged job seekers aged 40 to 64 years old. 56.9% were women, 52.9% were in their 50s and 60s, and 46.2% were college graduates. 69.2% were married and 53.2% lived in small and medium-sized cities. By utilizing SPSS Win. 25.0 and PROCESS macro 3.5, descriptive statistics analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and mediating effect were analyzed. Results. First, the higher the self-esteem, the higher the basic vocational competency (r=.438, p<.001) and the job search skills (r=.497, p<.001). The higher the basic vocational competency, the job search skills (r=. 699, p<.001) was high. Second, the effect of self-esteem on job search skills was .516(p<.001), but in the model with additional basic vocational competency, it was reduced to .245(p<.001). Therefore, the mediating effect of basic vocational competency was verified. Practical significance. It was revealed that self-esteem and basic job skills are important to improve the job-search skills of middle-aged adults. Therefore, in order to support customized career design at the national level, it is suggested that vocational education programs should include not only certification courses, but also content for improving basic vocational competency and counseling for improving self-esteem.

Validation and Revision of a German Version of the Balanced Measure of Psychological Needs Scale

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Andreas Voss
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Online Assessment ◽  
German Version ◽  
State Measure ◽  
Balanced Measure

Abstract. In this study we tested the psychometric properties of a German version of the Balanced Measure of Psychological Needs scale (BMNP; Sheldon & Hilpert, 2012 ), a questionnaire to assess the degree of fulfillment of the three basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. In Study 1, 251 participants completed this questionnaire, as well as measures of life satisfaction, self-esteem, depression, loneliness, and personality traits via online assessment. Results indicate that a six-dimensional structure fit the data adequately well. Furthermore, all three needs independently predicted life satisfaction and depression over and above personality traits. Self-esteem was only predicted by relatedness satisfaction and competence dissatisfaction, and loneliness was only predicted by relatedness. In Study 2, we revised the BMPN by replacing one item and largely replicated the results obtained in Study 1. Study 3 showed that the subscales of the BMPN are only moderately stable over 1 week supporting the assumption of the BMPN being a state measure. Together, these results suggest that the revised German version of the BMPN is a reliable and valid measure to assess satisfaction and dissatisfaction of the psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness.

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