Mind games: Parental psychological control and emerging adults’ adjustment

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 695-714
Author(s):  
Amanda N. Faherty ◽  
Katie Lowe ◽  
Jeffrey Jensen Arnett
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Parental Psychological Control

Although parental psychological control has been consistently linked with negative outcomes in the child and adolescent literature, little is known about how it functions during the developmental time frame of emerging adulthood, which is characterized by increased freedom and instability. Consequently, this study examined the extent to which paternal and maternal psychological controls were directly and indirectly (via self-esteem) related to hallmarks of emerging adult adjustment, notably risky behaviors, life satisfaction, and feelings about adulthood status. Recruited via MTurk, participants were 310 emerging adults ( M age = 25.37; 56% female) across the U.S. who completed an online survey. Results revealed paternal psychological control had a direct effect on risky behaviors and self-esteem, whereas maternal psychological control solely had a direct effect on risky behaviors. Results also indicated indirect effects of paternal psychological control. Increases in paternal psychological control were linked to declines in self-esteem, which in turn was associated with decreased life satisfaction and endorsement of adulthood status. Altogether, findings suggest that even low levels of parental psychological control were linked to detrimental outcomes in an age-representative sample—encompassing the full age range of emerging adulthood from 18 years to 29 years—of emerging adults. Thus, findings contribute to a better understanding of parent–child relationships and the consequences of parental control during the third decade of life, which has important implications for informing parenting strategies across emerging adulthood.

scholarly journals Adolescent Experiences with Self-Asphyxial Behaviors and Problematic Drinking in Emerging Adulthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110379
Author(s):  
Jillian E. Austin ◽  
Amy C. Lang ◽  
Anna M. Nacker ◽  
Alexander L. Wallace ◽  
David C. Schwebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Problematic Drinking ◽  
Social Familiarity ◽  
Drinking Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship

Self-asphyxial behavior to achieve a euphoric high (The Choking Game; TCG), occurs most often during early adolescence. Participants in TCG often engage in other risky behaviors. This study investigated the relationship between prior experience with TCG and problematic drinking behaviors in emerging adulthood. Emerging adults, 18 to 25 years old (N = 1248), 56% female, and 78% Caucasian completed an online survey regarding knowledge of and prior engagement in TCG and current drinking behaviors. Participants who personally engaged in TCG during childhood/adolescence or were familiar with TCG reported significantly more problematic drinking behaviors during emerging adulthood. Those present when others engaged in TCG but resisted participation themselves reported significantly less current problematic drinking behaviors than those who participated, but significantly more current problematic drinking behaviors than those never present. Emerging adults with increased social familiarity with TCG during adolescence endorsed greater problematic drinking behaviors. Results suggest resistance skills may generalize across time/activities.

Moving Into the Media World: The Moral Psychology of Emerging Adults in Journalism and Communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 107769582199224
Author(s):  
David A. Craig ◽  
Patrick Lee Plaisance ◽  
Erin Schauster ◽  
Ryan J. Thomas ◽  
Chris Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Moral Identity ◽  
Ethical Ideology ◽  
Transitional Stage ◽  
Virtuous Character ◽  
Recent Graduates ◽  
The Media

A growing body of psychology-based scholarship identifies emerging adulthood as a distinct, transitional stage of life and work characterized by several features, wherein relatively little is known regarding moral development. This study is part of a 3-year, longitudinal project involving recent graduates across six U.S. universities who studied journalism and media-related fields. Guided by emerging adulthood, moral psychology, and media exemplar research, this study analyzes results for 110 graduates who completed an online survey regarding their personality traits, virtuous character, moral reasoning, and ethical ideology. It constitutes the first detailed portrait of moral identity of emerging adults in media-related fields.

Factors Related to Phone Snubbing Behavior in Emerging Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 164-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Benvenuti ◽  
Agata Błachnio ◽  
Aneta Małgorzata Przepiorka ◽  
Vesela Miroslavova Daskalova ◽  
Elvis Mazzoni
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Online Study

Smartphones are a fundamental part of emerging adults' life. The aim of this chapter is to determine which factors play a role in “phubbing” during emerging adulthood as well as to propose and test a model of this phenomenon. We tested a model of relations between phubbing, self-esteem, self-control, well-being, and internet addiction. The following measures were used: the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, the Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS), the Flourishing Scale, the Internet Addiction Scale, and the Phubbing Scale. The participants in the online study were 640 Italian emerging adults (526 females and 114 males), ranging in age from 18 to 29 (M = 21.7, SD = 2.18). The results showed that the model was well fitted, particularly in postulating that a decrease in the level of self-control is related to an increase in Internet addiction, that an increase in Internet addiction increases the probability of phubbing behavior, and that the level of self-esteem and well-being do not affect Internet addiction. Gender differences, in favor of males, occurred only in self-esteem.

scholarly journals Emerging Adults and COVID-19: The Role of Individualism-Collectivism on Perceived Risks and Psychological Maladjustment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Germani ◽  
Livia Buratta ◽  
Elisa Delvecchio ◽  
Claudia Mazzeschi
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Asymptomatic Carrier ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Perceived Risks ◽  
Psychological Maladjustment ◽  
Medical Reports ◽  
Common Goals

The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has dramatically changed our habits and routines. Uncertainty, insecurity, instability for the present and future, and reduced autonomy and self-directedness, are common feelings at the time of COVID-19. These aspects are very important during emerging adulthood. In spite of the fact that medical reports suggest that youth are less prone to experience COVID-19 infections, emerging adults might be at higher risk for their psychological adjustment. Emerging adults showed higher concerns about their role as a possible asymptomatic carrier than being positive with COVID-19 themselves. Both worries and concerns about COVID-19 and psychological maladjustment may be related to cultural factors. Individualism, collectivism, equality, and hierarchy seem to be meaningful perspectives to take into account. A total of 1183 Italian emerging adults were asked to fill out an online survey during the second week of the national lockdown in Italy. Results showed they reported an accurate perceived knowledge about COVID-19. At the same time, they showed higher worries and concerns about COVID-19 for their relatives, followed by more general/social worries. The lowest score included worries about COVID-19 related to themselves. State anxiety and stress levels were above the normal cutoff, confirming the challenges that emerging adults are facing during the pandemic. On one hand, emerging adults’ collectivistic orientation was related to higher perceived risks of infection; on the other hand, it predicted lower psychological maladjustment, controlling for socio-demographic variables. The study suggests that to fight the COVID-19 pandemic and decrease levels of psychological maladjustment in emerging adulthood, individuals’ cultural orientation such as the wish of sharing common goals with others, interdependence, and sociability, have to be emphasized and promoted as protective factors.

Perceived Parenting Practices and Adjustment

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan A. Jorgensen ◽  
Larry J. Nelson ◽  
Xinxing Duan
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Perceived Parenting ◽  
Cultural Construct ◽  
The Relationship

Filial piety is an important cultural construct in the lives and behaviors of Chinese emerging adults and may act as a moderating factor for the relationship between perceived parenting practices and indices of adjustment. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not filial piety moderates the influence of psychologically controlling and warm parenting behaviors on internalizing problems, self-esteem, and risk behaviors. Using a sample of Chinese college students ( N = 612), results from regression analyses indicated that filial piety moderated the relationship between psychological control and self-esteem, in that psychological control predicted lower self-esteem at high and moderate levels of filial piety values but was not related at low filial piety values. The discussion focuses on the possibility that filial piety may exacerbate the conflict between psychologically controlling tactics and autonomy.

scholarly journals The mediating effect of self-esteem on emerging adults’ materialism and anxiety

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Astri Rahmadina ◽  
Fuad Nashori ◽  
Sonny Andrianto
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship

World Health Organization (WHO) announced that anxiety disorders are ranked as the sixth-largest contributor to non-fatal health loss globally, and these disorders are most prevalent during a human’s emerging adulthood period. Emerging adulthood is an individual’s life stage that roughly lasts from ages 18 to 25. This study aims to find out the mediating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between materialism and anxiety of emerging adults living in Yogyakarta. For data collection, we used a quota sampling technique which involved 332 emerging adults aged 18 to 25 years. Participants were measured with Richins and Dawson’s Materialistic Value Scale, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, and Beck Anxiety Inventory. These scales were distributed to the research participants via online questionnaires. A causal step approach was used in mediation regression analysis to test the hypothesis. Research results showed that the hypothesis was accepted: self-esteem partially mediated materialism and anxiety, although the mediation was minimal.

Normative and nonnormative pattern in achievement of developmental tasks: Sibling relationship quality and life satisfaction during emerging adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2307-2322
Author(s):  
Lucia Ponti ◽  
Martina Smorti
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Sibling Relationships ◽  
Sibling Relationship ◽  
Development Pattern ◽  
Sibling Relationship Quality ◽  
Normative Development ◽  
Adult Role

The aims of the present study were to investigate whether twins and siblings close in age (1) present a normative pattern in the achievement of residential, working, and economic autonomy (the older sibling assumes a more adult role earlier than the younger, or twins assume an adult role at the same time); (2) differ in sibling relationship quality; and whether the normativity is linked (3) to the quality of sibling relationship and (4) to life satisfaction. A cross-sectional study on 145 emerging adults was conducted. Twins present a normative development pattern more frequently and a warmer sibling relationship than non-twin siblings. A normative development pattern is related to sibling relationships but not to the level of life satisfaction. In particular, normativity in residential conditions is linked with warmer sibling relationships, while nonnormativity in economic conditions is linked to more rivalrous relationships. These data support the assumption that during emerging adulthood a normative development pattern is linked to a more positive sibling relationship.

Do predictors of mental health differ between home and international students studying in the UK?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catrin Pedder Jones ◽  
Annemarie Lodder ◽  
Chris Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
International Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
General Mental Health ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University

Purpose Previous research has found that international students can experience poor mental health, low levels of life satisfaction, self-esteem and high levels of loneliness when studying in a foreign country. No study has directly compared these between international and home students studying in the UK. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach A total of 247 students completed an online survey at the University of Bedfordshire. Findings The hypothesis that international students experience higher loneliness, lower self-esteem, lower life satisfaction and poorer general mental health than home students was rejected. Home students had significantly lower self-esteem, life satisfaction and general mental health scores. Black ethnicity and home student status significantly predicted general mental health and self-esteem in regression analyses. The predictive utility of home student status was maintained when other variables were controlled for in regression models. Originality/value This research suggests that the UK universities should ensure that both home and international students are adequately supported for their mental health.

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