Combining Renewable Eleostearic Acid and Eugenol to Fabricate Sustainable Plasticizer and Its Effect of Plasticizing on PVC

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are attractive new bioplastics for the replacement of plastics derived from fossil fuels. With their biodegradable properties, they have also recently been applied to the medical field. As poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) produced by wild-type Ralstonia eutropha has limitations with regard to its physical properties, it is advantageous to synthesize co- or terpolymers with medium-chain-length monomers. In this study, tung oil, which has antioxidant activity due to its 80% α-eleostearic acid content, was used as a carbon source and terpolymer P(53 mol% 3-hydroxybytyrate-co-2 mol% 3-hydroxyvalerate-co-45 mol% 3-hydroxyhexanoate) with a high proportion of 3-hydroxyhexanoate was produced in R. eutropha Re2133/pCB81. To avail the benefits of α-eleostearic acid in the tung oil-based medium, we performed partial harvesting of PHA by using a mild water wash to recover PHA and residual tung oil on the PHA film. This resulted in a film coated with residual tung oil, showing antioxidant activity. Here, we report the first application of tung oil as a substrate for PHA production, introducing a high proportion of hydroxyhexanoate monomer into the terpolymer. Additionally, the residual tung oil was used as an antioxidant coating, resulting in the production of bioactive PHA, expanding the applicability to the medical field.

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IDENTIFICATION OF CONJUGATED TRIENE FATTY ACIDS IN CERTAIN SEED OILS

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v62-319 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 40 (11) ◽

pp. 2078-2082 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

C. Y. Hopkins ◽

Mary J. Chisholm

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Eleostearic Acid ◽

Octadecatrienoic Acid ◽

Seed Oils ◽

Punicic Acid ◽

Calendula Officinalis ◽

Conjugated Fatty Acid ◽

Mild Conditions ◽

Conjugated Triene ◽

Major Acid

Seed oils were hydrolyzed under mild conditions and the major conjugated fatty acid of each oil was isolated and identified. In two families, species which were closely related botanically contained different but isomeric acids. Thus, in the Bignoniaceae, Jacaranda chelonia had cis trans,cis-8,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid as a major acid while Catalpa speciosa had trans,trans,cis-9,11,13-octadecatrienoic acid. In the Cucurbitaceae, Momordica charantia had the ordinary cis,trans,trans-9,11,13-octadecatrienoic (α-eleostearic) acid while M. balsamina had cis,trans,cis-9,11,13-octadecatrienoic (punicic) acid. M. balsamina is a new and convenient source of punicic acid. α-Eleostearic acid was identified as a major acid in examples of Valerianaceae and Rosaceae. Further proof was obtained that the fatty acid of Calendula officinalis (Compositae) is trans,trans,cis-8,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid.

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Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of conjugated linolenic acid isomers against streptozotocin-induced diabetes

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114511006325 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 108 (6) ◽

pp. 974-983 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Siddhartha S. Saha ◽

Mahua Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Linolenic Acid ◽

Eleostearic Acid ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Punicic Acid ◽

Conjugated Linolenic Acid ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Erythrocyte Morphology ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of α-eleostearic acid and punicic acid, two isomers of conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) present in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) and snake gourd oil (Trichosanthes anguina), respectively, against oxidative stress, inflammatory challenge and aberration in erythrocyte morphology due to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Male albino rats were divided into four groups consisting of eight animals in each group. The first group served as control and diabetes was induced in rats in groups 2–4 by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Moreover, rats in groups 3 and 4 were treated with 0·5 % of α-eleostearic acid and 0·5 % of punicic acid of the total lipid given, respectively, by oral administration once per d. After administration, CLnA isomers had significantly reduced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and restored antioxidant and pro-inflammatory enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, NO synthase level in pancreas, blood and erythrocyte lysate. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay of plasma showed that CLnA treatment caused improvement in the FRAP value which was altered after STZ treatment due to an increased level of free radicals. Expression of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 in blood and expression of hepatic NF-κB (p65) increased significantly after STZ treatment due to increased inflammation which was restored with the administration of CLnA isomers. From the obtained results, it could be concluded that α-eleostearic acid and punicic acid showed potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity with varying effectivity.

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CHARACTERIZATION OF FIXED OIL FROM SEEDS OF MOMORDICA TUBEROSA (ROXB) COGN. (CUCURBITACEAE) FRUITS BY GC-MS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽

10.53879/id.49.04.p0039 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 49 (04) ◽

pp. 39-42

Author(s):

M. S Kale ◽

◽

K. S. Laddha

Keyword(s):

Oleic Acid ◽

Stearic Acid ◽

Eleostearic Acid ◽

Octadecenoic Acid ◽

Acid Value ◽

Octadecatrienoic Acid ◽

Octadecanoic Acid ◽

Hexadecanoic Acid ◽

Saponification Value

Fixed oil obtained from the seeds of Momordica tuberosa (Roxb) Cogn. fruits (family: Cucurbitaceae) was analyzed using GC-MS. Five compounds, namely palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid), oleic acid (9-octadecenoic acid), stearic acid (octadecanoic acid), ?-eleostearic acid (9, 11, 13-octadecatrienoic acid) and gama-linolenic acid (6, 9, 12-octadecatrienoic acid) were found to be major compounds in fixed oil obtained from the seeds of M. tuberosa fruits. Physical constants saponification value, unsaponifiable matter and acid value were found to be 182.4, 1.56% w/w and 11.44 respectively.

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Spectroscopic studies on the interaction of alpha‐eleostearic acid with calf thymus DNA

Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society ◽

10.1002/jccs.201800385 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 66 (10) ◽

pp. 1381-1388

Author(s):

Yufeng Liu ◽

Baixin Zhang ◽

Xiaomei Chen ◽

Zhian Guo ◽

Yi Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eleostearic Acid ◽

Spectroscopic Studies ◽

Calf Thymus Dna ◽

Calf Thymus

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A study of eleostearic acid-containing resins

Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society ◽

10.1007/bf02652429 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 289-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. S. Long ◽

Shelby F. Thames ◽

Oliver W. Smith

Keyword(s):

Eleostearic Acid

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Comparative study of antioxidant activity of α-eleostearic acid and punicic acid against oxidative stress generated by sodium arsenite

Food and Chemical Toxicology ◽

10.1016/j.fct.2009.07.012 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 47 (10) ◽

pp. 2551-2556 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

S.S. Saha ◽

M. Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Eleostearic Acid ◽

Sodium Arsenite ◽

Punicic Acid

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Analysis of the Seed Lipids of Aleurites montana

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-1998-5-602 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 53 (5-6) ◽

pp. 305-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

A. Radunz ◽

P. Heb ◽

G. H. Schmid

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Silica Gel ◽

Eleostearic Acid ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Tung Oil ◽

Seed Lipids

Abstract The seed lipids of the Chinese tung-oil tree Aleurites montana are composed of 97.2% triglycerides, 2% phospholipids and of 0.8% glycolipids. In the triglycerides 67% of all fatty acids are α-eleostearic acid (configuration C18:3, ∆9 cis, ∆11 trans, ∆13 trans). This acid is bound in the triglycerides in the 1,3 position. Via mercury Il-acetate adducts and subsequent chromatography on silica gel a separation of this fatty acid from the seed fatty acids is possible. By this procedure an a-eleostearic acid-free tung-oil mixture is obtained, which consists by one half of C18:2, 25% of C18:1 and by 25% of the saturated fatty acids C16:0, C18:0 and C14:0.

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