Synergistic effect of exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets and non-halogen flame retardants on flame retardancy and thermal properties of kenaf flour-PP nanocomposites

2018 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 1681-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Igwe Idumah ◽  
Azman Hassan ◽  
Serge Bourbigot
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Exfoliated Graphene

Silica precursor as synergist for cotton flame retardancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Marija Grancaric ◽  
Lea Botteri ◽  
Jenny Alongi ◽  
Anita Tarbuk
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Silica Precursor

Purpose – The cotton and its blends is the most commonly used textile material in the design and production of protective clothing. However, as the cellulose textiles are the most flammable materials it is necessary to improve its flame retardancy. The government regulations have been the driving force for developing durable flame retardants finishes for textile, to improve its performance and to reduce the negative impact on the environment. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This paper investigates the effect of silica precursor (tetraethoxysilane – TEOS) added in bath with conventional flame retardant urea/ammonium polyphosphate in full and half concentration for achieving environmental-friendly cotton flame retardancy. Silica precursors have excellent thermal stability and high heat resistance with very limited release of toxic gases during the thermal decomposition. Synergistic effect between urea/ammonium polyphosphate and TEOS has been calculated. Thermal properties of treated cotton fabrics were determined by limiting oxygen index (LOI), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and microscale combustion calorimeter (MCC). Findings – TEOS, significantly improves the flame retardancy of cotton when added in the bath with conventional flame retardants urea/ammonium polyphosphate by increasing the LOI values and other thermal properties as increasing char residue measured by TGA and higher heat release rate measured by MCC. Originality/value – This paper represent a good synergistic effect between urea/ammonium polyphosphate and TEOS. This phenomena is evident in better thermal properties when TEOS was added in the bath with conventional flame retardant especially for half concentration of urea/ammonium polyphosphate.

scholarly journals Improving the flame retardancy of waterborne polyurethanes based on the synergistic effect of P–N flame retardants and a Schiff base

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 12078-12088
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xiaosheng Du ◽  
Shuang Wang ◽  
Zongliang Du ◽  
Haibo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethanes

A novel reactive intumescent fire retardant hexa-[4-[(2-hydroxy-ethylimino)-methyl]-phenoxyl]-cyclotriphosphazene (HEPCP), containing both cyclotriphosphazene and Schiff base structures, is successfully prepared.

Preparation of Rigid Flame Retardancy Polyurethane Foam Material with Difficult Combusted Degree

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 1151-1157
Author(s):  
Zhen Hui Qiu ◽  
Yuan Bao Sun ◽  
Zhan He Du
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Foam Material ◽  
Pu Foam ◽  
Series Of Experiments

The flame retardants used for the rigid PU foam material were studied systematically in this paper and a series of experiments were carried out to test the oxygen index (OI) of it. The synergistic effect in the different flame retardants also be verified to achieve a well flame retardancy performance. The best ingredients were found out by an orthogonal experiment which can give the PU foam maeterial a difficult combusted degree with the oxygen index higher than 34.

scholarly journals Synergistic effect of flame retardants and graphitic carbon nitride on flame retardancy of polylactide composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1661-1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianwu Cao ◽  
Xiaoning Chi ◽  
Xueqin Deng ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of Nanosilica Aerogel with Phosphorus Flame Retardants on Improving Flame Retardancy and Leaching Resistance of Wood

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodan Zhu ◽  
Yiqiang Wu ◽  
Cuihua Tian ◽  
Yan Qing ◽  
Chunhua Yao
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Residual Rate ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ft Ir

Nanosilica (Nano-SiO2) sol fabricated by a sol-gel process was introduced into wood modification with phosphorus flame retardants to improve the flame retardancy and leaching resistance of wood. The obtained materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), cone calorimetric (CONE), and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The residual rate of flame retardants before and after leaching was determinated by a leaching resistance. The results showed that the phosphorus flame retardants and SiO2sol could reside in the poplar wood and are widely distributed in the vessels, pits, wood timber, and the spaces between wood cells of poplar substrate. TGA and CONE results indicated that the introduction of nano-SiO2aerogel with phosphorus flame retardants had a significantly synergistic effect on improving the flame retardancy and inhibiting the release of smoke and toxic gases. In addition, the leaching resistance test, combined with infrared analysis and EDS analysis, confirmed that the phosphorus flame retardants were able to be fixed by SiO2aerogel in the wood.

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