Effects of landscape composition and connectivity on the distribution of an endangered parrot in agricultural landscapes

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1249-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Watson ◽  
David M. Watson ◽  
Gary W. Luck ◽  
Peter G. Spooner
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes

scholarly journals Landscape epidemiology of plant diseases

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (16) ◽  
pp. 963-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Plantegenest ◽  
Christophe Le May ◽  
Frédéric Fabre
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Landscape Epidemiology ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Pathogen Dynamics ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Inoculum Pressure

Many agricultural landscapes are characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity and fragmentation. Landscape ecology focuses on the influence of habitat heterogeneity in space and time on ecological processes. Landscape epidemiology aims at applying concepts and approaches originating from landscape ecology to the study of pathogen dynamics at the landscape scale. However, despite the strong influence that the landscape properties may have on the spread of plant diseases, landscape epidemiology has still received little attention from plant pathologists. Some recent methodological and technological progress provides new and powerful tools to describe and analyse the spatial patterns of host–pathogen interactions. Here, we review some important topics in plant pathology that may benefit from a landscape perspective. These include the influence of: landscape composition on the global inoculum pressure; landscape heterogeneity on pathogen dynamics; landscape structure on pathogen dispersal; and landscape properties on the emergence of pathogens and on their evolution.

Trophic cascades in agricultural landscapes: indirect effects of landscape composition on crop yield

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 652-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Liere ◽  
Tania N. Kim ◽  
Benjamin P. Werling ◽  
Timothy D. Meehan ◽  
Douglas A. Landis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Trophic Cascades ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes

scholarly journals Estimating landscape structure effects on pollination for management of agricultural landscapes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Rahimi ◽  
Shahindokht Barghjelveh ◽  
Pinliang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Edge Density ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Habitat Amount ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High ◽  
Landscape Composition And Configuration ◽  
Degree Of Fragmentation ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract The present study aims to examine the effects of habitat fragmentation to find a pattern of forest patches in agricultural landscapes that provide the highest pollination level. For this purpose, using simulated agricultural landscapes, including different forest proportions and degrees of fragmentation, pollination in different scenarios was estimated. We used landscape metrics to measure the landscape composition and configuration of each simulated landscape and estimated their statistical relationship with pollination. Our results showed that the effects of fragmentation on pollination were affected by two significant factors; 1- habitat amount and 2- small patches' capacity to supply pollination. Our results showed that when small patches' capacity in supplying pollination was low, fragmentation decreased pollination. When this capacity was very high, landscapes with a high degree of fragmentation showed higher levels of pollination. There was an exception for habitat amounts less than 0.1 of the entire landscape that increasing edge density, aggregation, and the number of patches, resulted in increasing pollination in all scenarios.

scholarly journals Agricultural Landscape Composition Linked with Acoustic Measures of Avian Diversity

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Adam P. Dixon ◽  
Matthew E. Baker ◽  
Erle C. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Landscape Configuration ◽  
High Resolution Mapping ◽  
Resolution Mapping

Measuring, monitoring, and managing biodiversity across agricultural regions depends on methods that can combine high-resolution mapping of landscape patterns with local biodiversity observations. This study explores the potential to monitor biodiversity in agricultural landscapes by linking high-resolution remote sensing with passive acoustic monitoring. Land cover maps produced using a small unmanned aerial system (UAS) and PlanetScope (PS) satellite imagery were used to investigate relationships between landscape patterns and an acoustically derived biodiversity index (vocalizing bird species richness) across 12 agricultural sample locations equipped with acoustic recorders in Iowa, USA during the 2018 growing season. Statistical assessment revealed a significant direct association between vocalizing bird richness and percent noncrop vegetation cover. High spatial resolution (1 m) UAS mapping produced stronger statistical associations than PS-based maps (3 m) for landscape composition metrics. Landscape configuration metrics (Shannon’s diversity index, contagion, perimeter-area-ratio, and circumscribing circle index) were either cross-correlated with composition metrics or unusable owing to complete landscape homogeneity in some agricultural landscape samples. This study shows that high resolution mapping of noncrop vegetation cover can be linked with acoustic monitoring of unique bird vocalizations to provide a useful indicator of biodiversity in agricultural landscapes.

scholarly journals The role of landscape composition and heterogeneity on the taxonomical and functional diversity of Mediterranean plant communities in agricultural landscapes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0238222
Author(s):  
Joana Cursach ◽  
Juan Rita ◽  
Carmelo Gómez-Martínez ◽  
Carles Cardona ◽  
Miquel Capó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Mediterranean Plant

The Bee Community of Cannabis sativa and Corresponding Effects of Landscape Composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-202
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Ryan Flicker ◽  
Katja Poveda ◽  
Heather Grab
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Pollination Services

Abstract Industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa (Cannabaceae), is a newly introduced and rapidly expanding crop in the American agricultural landscape. As an exclusively wind-pollinated crop, hemp lacks nectar but produces an abundance of pollen during a period of floral dearth in agricultural landscapes. These pollen resources are attractive to a range of bee species but the diversity of floral visitors and their use of hemp across a range of agricultural contexts remains unclear. We made repeated sweep net collections of bees visiting hemp flowers on farms in New York, which varied in both landscape context and phenotypic traits of hemp varieties. We identified all bee visitors to the species level and found that hemp supported 16 different bee species. Landscape simplification negatively impacted the abundance of bees visiting hemp flowers but did not affect the species richness of the community. Plant height, on the other hand, was strongly correlated with bee species richness and abundance for hemp plots with taller varieties attracting a broader diversity of bee species. Because of its temporally unique flowering phenology, hemp has the potential to provide a critical nutritional resource to a diverse community of bees during a period of floral scarcity and thereby may help to sustain agroecosystem-wide pollination services for other crops in the landscape. As cultivation of hemp increases, growers, land managers, and policy makers should consider its value in supporting bee communities and take its attractiveness to bees into account when developing pest management strategies.

scholarly journals Land-Use and Climate Drive Shifts in Bombus Assemblage Composition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Elizabeth Christman ◽  
Lori R Spears ◽  
James P Strange ◽  
William D Pearse ◽  
Emily K Burchfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract ContextPollinators play pivotal roles in maintaining agricultural and natural plant communities, yet some bee populations are declining. The conversion of agricultural and semi-natural lands for urban use has reduced bee abundance and diversity. Meanwhile, climate change has affected bee distributions and led to disruption of plant-pollinator synchrony, impacting ecosystem processes. However, how these factors co-occur to influence bee assemblages is poorly understood.ObjectivesWe linked differences in bumble bee (Bombus) diversity to landscape composition and climate in agroecosystems in order to understand their co-occurring effects.MethodsWe evaluated Bombus assemblages in relation to the proportion of agricultural, semi-natural, and urban landscapes and interannual variation in temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity in Utah agroecosystems from 2014 to 2018.ResultsBombus species richness and diversity was highest in agricultural landscapes characterized by low temperatures and high relative humidity during the growing season, and lowest in urban areas with high temperatures and low relative humidity. Ongoing and future urbanization and climate change may therefore lead to reduced Bombus diversity in Utah. Although some historically uncommon species, such as B. pensylvanicus, may thrive under future land-use and climate scenarios, others (e.g., B. sylvicola, B. californicus, and B. occidentalis) are at increased risk of extirpation due to loss of suitable habitat.ConclusionsContinually monitoring Bombus populations will help document shifts in assemblages and potential consequential impacts to ecosystem services. These findings emphasize that management strategies moving forward should consider the effect of co-occurring factors as opposed to single factors in order to foster future resiliency of Bombus populations.

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