scholarly journals RNA-Seq Profile Reveals Th-1 and Th-17-Type of Immune Responses in Mice Infected Systemically with Aspergillus fumigatus

2018 ◽  
Vol 183 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jata Shankar ◽  
Gustavo C. Cerqueira ◽  
Jennifer R. Wortman ◽  
Karl V. Clemons ◽  
David A. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Th 17 ◽  
Th 1

scholarly journals Co-Therapy of Albendazole and Dexamethasone Reduces Pathological Changes in the Cerebral Parenchyma of Th-1 and Th-2 Dominant Mice Heavily Infected with Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Histopathological and RNA-seq Analyses

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 536
Author(s):  
Kai-Yuan Jhan ◽  
Chien-Ju Cheng ◽  
Shih-Ming Jung ◽  
Yi-Jen Lai ◽  
Kuang-Yao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Cerebral Parenchyma ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Th 1

Administration of albendazole alone was not very suitable for the treatment of cerebral angiostrongyliasis. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of the co-therapy of this drug and dexamethasone in Th-1 and Th-2 dominant mice infected with Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Each of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice infected with 50 A. cantonensis third-stage larvae were administered albendazole (10 mg/kg/day) alone, dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg/day) alone, or co-therapy of the two drugs from day 7 or 14 post-infection for 7 or 14 days. After sacrifice, coronal slices were prepared from five brain regions and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Eight pathological changes were employed to determine the therapeutic effectiveness using a scoring system. RNA-seq analysis was performed to confirm the histopathological findings. The infected BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice had similar patterns in the pathological changes. Meningitis, hemorrhage, size of worms, and encephalitis in the cerebral parenchyma were slighter in the mice treated with co-therapy than the remaining groups. Mice treated from day 14 had more severe changes than those from day 7. The histopathological findings were found to be consistent to immune responses determined by RNA-seq analysis. Co-therapy was determined to reduce pathological changes after administration to mice infected with A. cantonensis.

scholarly journals Immune responses against Aspergillus fumigatus

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Cramer ◽  
Amariliz Rivera ◽  
Tobias M. Hohl
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus

scholarly journals The 3′ CCACCA Sequence of tRNAAla(UGC) Is the Motif That Is Important in Inducing Th1-Like Immune Response, and This Motif Can Be Recognized by Toll-Like Receptor 3

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 733-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Wang ◽  
Li Xiang ◽  
Junjie Shao ◽  
Zhenghong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Anticodon Loop ◽  
T Helper ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Th 1 ◽  
Ctl Responses

ABSTRACT In this article, the immunogenicity of tRNA and the recognition of tRNA by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are analyzed. Analyses of the effects of different tRNAAla(UGC) fragments (tRNAAla1-76 [corresponding to positions 1 through 76], tRNAAla26-76, tRNAAla40-76, tRNAAla62-76, tRNAAla1-70, tRNAAla26-70, tRNAAla40-70, and tRNAAla62-70) on the immune responses of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were performed with BALB/c mice. Results show that tRNAAla1-76, tRNAAla26-76, tRNAAla40-76, and tRNAAla62-76 adjuvants not only induced stronger T helper (Th) 1 immune responses but also cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses relative to tRNAAla1-70, tRNAAla26-70, tRNAAla40-70, and tRNAAla62-70 adjuvants in HBsAg immunization. A deletion of the D loop (tRNAAla26-76), anticodon loop (tRNAAla40-76), or TψC (tRNAAla62-76) loop of tRNAAla(UGC) does not significantly decrease the adjuvant characteristic of tRNAAla(UGC). However a deletion of the 3′-end CCACCA sequence (tRNAAla1-70, tRNAAla26-70, tRNAAla40-70, and tRNAAla62-70) of tRNAAla(UGC) significantly decreased the adjuvant characteristic in Th1 and CTL immune responses. Moreover, the recognitions of different tRNAAla(UGC) fragments by TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 were analyzed. Results show that a deletion of the 3′ CCACCA sequence of tRNAAla(UGC) significantly decreased the recognition by TLR3. We concluded that the 3′ CCACCA sequence of tRNAAla(UGC) is the important motif to induce Th1 and CTL responses and this motif can be effectively recognized by TLR3.

scholarly journals SLAMF7 engagement super-activates macrophages in acute and chronic inflammation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daimon P. Simmons ◽  
Hung N. Nguyen ◽  
Emma Gomez-Rivas ◽  
Yunju Jeong ◽  
Antonia F. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Macrophage Activation ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Autocrine Signaling ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Activated Macrophage ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation

AbstractMacrophages regulate protective immune responses to infectious microbes, but aberrant macrophage activation frequently drives pathological inflammation. To identify regulators of vigorous macrophage activation, we analyzed RNA-seq data from synovial macrophages and identified SLAMF7 as a receptor associated with a super-activated macrophage state in rheumatoid arthritis. We implicated IFN-γ as a key regulator of SLAMF7 expression. Engaging this receptor drove an exuberant wave of inflammatory cytokine expression, and induction of TNF-α following SLAMF7 engagement amplified inflammation through an autocrine signaling loop. We observed SLAMF7-induced gene programs not only in macrophages from rheumatoid arthritis patients, but in gut macrophages from active Crohn’s disease patients and lung macrophages from severe COVID-19 patients. This suggests a central role for SLAMF7 in macrophage super-activation with broad implications in pathology.

SP0176 The TH-1/TH-17 Balance in JIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 43.1-43
Author(s):  
L.R. Wedderburn
Keyword(s):  
Th 17 ◽  
Th 1

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D and Vitamin D Receptor in Immunity toLeishmania majorInfection

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Whitcomb ◽  
Mary DeAgostino ◽  
Mark Ballentine ◽  
Jun Fu ◽  
Martin Tenniswood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Vitamin D Signaling ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Th 1

Vitamin D signaling modulates a variety of immune responses. Here, we assessed the role of vitamin D in immunity to experimental leishmaniasis infection in vitamin D receptor-deficient mice (VDRKO). We observed that VDRKO mice on a genetically resistant background have decreasedLeishmania major-induced lesion development compared to wild-type (WT) mice; additionally, parasite loads in infected dermis were significantly lower at the height of infection. Enzymatic depletion of the active form of vitamin D mimics the ablation of VDR resulting in an increased resistance toL. major. Conversely, VDRKO or vitamin D-deficient mice on the susceptible Th2-biased background had no change in susceptibility. These studies indicate vitamin D deficiency, either through the ablation of VDR or elimination of its ligand, 1,25D3, leads to an increase resistance toL. majorinfection but only in a host that is predisposed for Th-1 immune responses.

Cellular and molecular insights on the regulation of innate immune responses to experimental aspergillosis in chicken and turkey poults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Vahsen ◽  
Laura Zapata ◽  
Rodrigo Guabiraba ◽  
Elise Melloul ◽  
Nathalie Cordonnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Turkey Poults ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocyte ◽  
Fungal Immunity

Abstract Across the world, many commercial poultry flocks and captive birds are threatened by infection with Aspergillus fumigatus. Susceptibility to aspergillosis varies among birds; among galliform birds specifically, morbidity and mortality rates seem to be greater in turkeys than in chickens. Little is known regarding the features of avian immune responses after inhalation of Aspergillus conidia, and to date, scarce information on inflammatory responses during aspergillosis exists. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to improve our understanding of the interactions between A. fumigatus and economically relevant galliform birds in terms of local innate immune responses. Intra-tracheal aerosolization of A. fumigatus conidia in turkey and chicken poults led to more severe clinical signs and lung lesions in turkeys, but leukocyte recovery from lung lavages was higher in chickens at 1dpi only. Interestingly, only chicken CD8+ T lymphocyte proportions increased after infection. Furthermore, the lungs of infected chickens showed an early upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IFN-γ and IL-6, whereas in turkeys, most of these cytokines showed a downregulation or a delayed upregulation. These results confirmed the importance of an early pro-inflammatory response to ensure the development of an appropriate anti-fungal immunity to avoid Aspergillus dissemination in the respiratory tract. In conclusion, we show for the first time that differences in local innate immune responses between chickens and turkeys during aspergillosis may determine the outcome of the disease. Lay Summary Aspergillus fumigatus infection may cause mortality in poultry, depending on species sensitivity. This study confirms the earlier activation of chickens’ pro-inflammatory effectors to control Aspergillus dissemination, whereas turkeys’ immune response enables the exacerbation of lung lesions.

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