The volatile constituent analysis of Digitalis nervosa Steud. & Hochst. ex Benth. from Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1148-1150
Author(s):  
S. J. Roudbaraki ◽  
D. Nori-Shargh
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Constituent

scholarly journals The Modulation of PCSK9 and LDLR by Supercritical CO2 Extracts of Mentha longifolia and Isolated Piperitone Oxide, an In Vitro Study

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3886
Author(s):  
Stefania Sut ◽  
Irene Ferrarese ◽  
Maria Giovanna Lupo ◽  
Nicola De Zordi ◽  
Elisa Tripicchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Hepatoma Cell ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Volatile Constituent ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Human Hepatoma Cell ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner

In the present study the ability of supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) extracts of M. longifolia L. leaves to modulate low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) expression was evaluated in cultured human hepatoma cell lines Huh7 and HepG2. Two SCO2 extracts, one oil (ML-SCO2) and a semisolid (MW-SCO2), were subjected to detailed chemical characterization by mono- and bidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D, 2D-NMR), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Chemical analysis revealed significant amounts of fatty acids, phytosterols and terpenoids. ML-SCO2 was able to induce LDLR expression at a dose of 60 µg/mL in HuH7 and HepG2 cell lines. Furthermore, ML-SCO2 reduced PCSK9 secretion in a concentration-dependent manner in both cell lines. Piperitone oxide, the most abundant compound of the volatile constituent of ML-SCO2 (27% w/w), was isolated and tested for the same targets, showing a very effective reduction of PCSK9 expression. The overall results revealed the opportunity to obtain a new nutraceutical ingredient with a high amount of phytosterols and terpenoids using the SCO2 extraction of M. longifolia L., a very well-known botanical species used as food. Furthermore, for the first time we report the high activity of piperitone oxide in the reduction of PCSK9 expression.

scholarly journals Quantitative and Physical Evaluation of Patchouli Essential Oils Obtained from Different Sources of Pogostemon cablin

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Hussin ◽  
Luigi Mondello ◽  
Rosaria Costa ◽  
Paola Dugo ◽  
Nik Idris Nik Yusoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Retention Indices ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Volatile Constituent ◽  
Response Factors ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Valuable Product ◽  
Linear Retention Indices ◽  
One Year

Patchouli essential oil can be obtained from fresh, dried and fermented plant material. It is a highly valuable product in the fragrance industry and its quality changes depending upon raw material age and oil storage. In this work, patchouli essential oils derived from different treatments have been subjected to GC-FID quantitative analysis using an internal standard (ISTD) method with response factors (RF). Samples were obtained from i) fresh plants; ii) hydrodistillation of one year mature and fermented plants; iii) hydrodistillation of one year mature plants; iv) commercial products from Indonesia and Malaysia. Linear Retention Indices (LRI) for both polar and non-polar GC-MS analyses were also measured as a tool for qualitative analysis towards a homologous series of C7-C30 n-alkanes. The results obtained confirmed that, in all samples, patchouli alcohol was the main volatile constituent, with higher amount in lab-scale produced oils, compared with commercial samples. Other major compounds, in lab oils and commercial samples respectively, were: δ-guaiene, α-guaiene, pogostol, seychellene and α-patchoulene. Another 36 compounds were also found.

ECONOMY OF TIME IN LABORATORY DISTILLATION

1931 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-465
Author(s):  
D. F. Stedman
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Alcohol ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Volatile Constituent ◽  
Reflux Ratio ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Efficient Column ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Theoretical Amount

The mathematics of fractional distillation of ideal mixtures has been condensed, so that the most economical "reflux ratio" for any such mixture may be decided at once.Particular use is made of the "critical reflux ratio" for any mixture, above which even an infinite column cannot obtain complete separation; and the relation of this critical value to the most economical value for any particular case is given.Some of the conclusions with respect to the infinite column were tested by means of a mixture of methyl and ethyl alcohols using a particularly efficient column. It was found that the vapor produced in the still contained slightly more than the theoretical amount of methyl alcohol, and the magnitude of such error is illustrated from previous work on glycerine solutions.The results are given in the form of a graph of the "critical reflux ratio" for the case where the most volatile constituent boils at 100 °C., and the difference between the boiling points varies from 0.25 °C. to 32 °C., the concentration of the most volatile constituent also being included from 0.001 to 1.0.A table of correction factors is also given, showing the factor by which the "critical reflux ratio" should be varied to produce the greatest economy of time for any particular case.

scholarly journals Pheromones of the Scarabaeinae, II*. Composition of the Pheromone Disseminating Carrier Material Secreted by Male Dung Beetles of the Genus Kheper

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 863-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Burger ◽  
Zenda Munro ◽  
W. F. Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Volatile Constituent ◽  
Carrier Protein ◽  
Plasma Desorption Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carrier Material ◽  
Plasma Desorption ◽  
Molecular Masses ◽  
Bovine Pancreas

Abstract Gel electrophoresis of the white flocculcnt phcromonc disseminating secretions produced by males of the three dung beetle species, Kheper lamarcki, K. nigroaeneus and K. subaeneus, revealed that three different proteins with molecular masses of ca. 15 kDa are the major constitu- ents of these secretions. The molecular mass of these components in the secretions of K. lamarcki and K. nigroaeneus was determined more accurately by 252Cf plasma desorption mass spectrometry to be 15451 ± 10 and 15477 ± 10 Da respectively. The N-terminal amino acids in the major proteinaceous component of the secretions revealed similarities as well as differences in the primary structures of the proteins secreted by the three species. The amino acid composition of the secretions of the three species is closely related. Due to the presence of large amounts of aspartic and glutamic acid, and small amounts of the basic amino acids, the pro- teinaceous component of the carrier material is expected to have a low isoelectric point which, together with the presence of large amounts of the hydrophobic amino acids, may impart properties that are to be expected for a carrier material which is used for the dissemination of inter alia long-chain fatty acids and their esters. Exposure of bovine pancreas trypsin, bovine albumin and the carrier protein of K. lamarcki to the vapour of 2,6-dimcthyl-5-hcptcnoic acid, the major volatile constituent with electro- antennogram activity in the secretion of this species, followed by quantitative determination of the acid adsorbed on these proteins, showed that albumin and the carrier protein have an approximately equal affinity for the acid, whereas trypsin retained only about one third of the amount of the acid adsorbed on the other two proteins. It was concluded that albumin should be a suitable substitute for the carrier protein in field tests with synthetic constituents of the abdominal secretion of these insects.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Study of Eight Medicinal Plants of the Lamiaceae Family Traditionally Used as Tea in the Sharri Mountains Region of the Balkans

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Avni Hajdari ◽  
Behxhet Mustafa ◽  
Lirie Hyseni ◽  
Ani Bajrami ◽  
Genista Mustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Volatile Constituent ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Teucrium Chamaedrys ◽  
Thymus Serpyllum

In the present study, eight plant species belonging to Lamiaceae family were identified as ingredients for herbal teas in the region of Sharri Mountains: Thymus serpyllum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Melissa officinalis, Origanum vulgare, Mentha longifolia, Ocimum basilicum, Teucrium chamaedrys, and Sideritis scardica, respectively. Chemical composition of essential oils obtained from these species was analyzed using GC-MS and GC-FID with the aim of examining their volatile compound profiles, responsible for their respective flavors and fragrance. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed with the aim of grouping plant species under study on the basis of their chemical composition. Experimental data revealed the typical volatile constituent pattern for the Lamiaceae family. Monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, responsible for flavor and medicinal use of these plants, were the most abundant groups of the volatile constituents. PCA data analysis resulted in the grouping of these analyzed species in four principal clusters.

Isofuranodiene is the main volatile constituent ofSmyrnium perfoliatumL. subsp.perfoliatumgrowing in central Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-349
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Papa ◽  
Massimo Ricciutelli ◽  
Kevin Cianfaglione ◽  
Filippo Maggi
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Volatile Constituent

Adhesion of decay-causing fungal conidia in wounds ofMalus×domestica'Golden Delicious' apple fruit is influenced by wound age

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander B Filonow
Keyword(s):  
Butyl Acetate ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fungal Spore ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Wound Age ◽  
Volatile Constituent ◽  
Altered Surface ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Wounds are the primary site in apple fruit for infection by conidia of Botrytis cinerea Pers.:Fr. and Penicil lium expansum Link & Thom. The effects of wound shape, wound age, and chemical properties of the wound on conidial adhesion in wounds of Malus ×domestica Borkh. 'Golden Delicious' fruit were investigated. Adhesion was measured after dislodging conidia from wounds using a sonication probe above the wound. In all experiments, conidial adhesion responses were similar for both fungi. Conidial adhesion in puncture wounds was not different from adhesion in slice wounds. Wound age, however, profoundly affected conidial adhesion. Conidia of both fungi exhibited 78.1%–91.9% adhesion in freshly made wounds of both shapes compared with 37.7%–56.6% in 1-d-old wounds. Conidial adhesion increased as wound age increased from 1 to 5 d. Exposure of 1- and 2-d-old wounds to butyl acetate, a volatile constituent of apple fruit, increased conidial adhesion compared with nonexposed wounds. This finding, in addition to results from the histochemical analyses of wounds, the quantification of sugars and total phenolics in water diffusates from wounds, and the measurement of conidial adhesion to wound diffusates, suggested that conidial adhesion in wounds was influenced by altered surface chemistry of wounds as they aged.Key words: apple fruit wounds, decay-causing fungi, fungal spore adhesion, mycoactive acetate esters, wound aging, wound decay.

Identification of a Volatile Constituent formed by Homogenates of Acacia georginae exposed to Fluoride

Nature ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 231 (5298) ◽  
pp. 123-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. PETERS ◽  
M. SHORTHOUSE
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Constituent
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