scholarly journals What is neurophilosophy: Do we need a non-reductive form?

Synthese ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Klar
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Ontological Status ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Neurophilosophy is a controversial scientific discipline lacking a broadly accepted definition and especially a well-elaborated methodology. Views about what neurophilosophy entails and how it can combine neuroscience with philosophy, as in their branches (e.g. metaphysics, epistemology, ethics) and methodologies, diverge widely. This article, first of all, presents a brief insight into the naturalization of philosophy regarding neurophilosophy and three resulting distinguishable forms of how neuroscience and philosophy may or may not be connected in part 1, namely reductive neurophilosophy, the parallelism between neuroscience and philosophy which keeps both disciplines rather strictly separated and lastly, non-reductive neurophilosophy which aims for a bidirectional connection of both disciplines. Part 2 presents a paradigmatic example of how these three forms of neuroscience and philosophy approach the problem of self, mainly concerning its ontological status (existence and reality). This allows me to compare all three neurophilosophical approaches with each other and to highlight the benefits of a non-reductive form of neurophilosophy. I conclude that especially non-reductive neurophilosophy can give full justice to the complementary position of neurophilosophy right at the intersection between neuroscience, philosophy, and psychology.

1. What’s so funny ‘bout applied mathematics? Modelling, theory, and methods

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Alain Goriely
Keyword(s):  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Mathematical Ideas ◽  
Systematic Development ◽  
Insight Into

What is applied mathematics and how is it different from mathematics or any other scientific discipline? ‘What’s so funny ‘bout applied mathematics? Modelling, theory, and methods’ argues that applied mathematics includes the modelling of natural phenomena and human endeavours, the study of mathematical ideas originating from these models, and the systematic development of theoretical and computational tools to probe models, handle data, and gain insight into any problem that has been properly quantified. Applied mathematics is best characterized by three intertwined areas: modelling, theory, and methods. Any work in applied mathematics fits in one of these three categories or combines them judiciously.

Repatriation as Inspiration

Museum Worlds ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-110
Author(s):  
April M. Beisaw ◽  
Penelope H. Duus
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
The Public ◽  
Young Professionals ◽  
Cultural Centers ◽  
Susquehanna River ◽  
Sacred Objects ◽  
Changing Roles ◽  
Advance Research ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTAt the turn of the twentieth century, American museums helped to legitimize archaeology as a scientific discipline. By the next century, repatriation legislation had forced archaeologists to confront the dehumanization that can take place when bodies and sacred objects are treated as scientific specimens. Charting the future(s) of archaeology-museum relationships requires us to (1) recognize where, when, and how harm has been done, (2) confront those harmful precedents, and (3) restructure collections and exhibits in ways that heal wounds and advance research. Current research on the 1916 Susquehanna River Expedition, an archaeology-museum project funded by George Gustav Heye, provides insight into how our predecessors viewed their work. Using the expedition project as backdrop, an archaeology professor and an undergraduate student engage in a dialogue that explores the changing roles of American museums as the public faces of archaeology, training grounds for young professionals, and cultural centers for us all.

scholarly journals Forensic Psychology: The First Attempt at a Retrospective Bibliography

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-111
Author(s):  
L. A. Rogachevsky
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Psychology ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Reference Guide ◽  
Psychological Examination ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Forensic Scientists ◽  
Time Information ◽  
Insight Into

Forensic psychology has been an independent scientific discipline for a long time now and has become an integral part of legal proceedings. Its relevance as an area of theory and practice has led to writing multiple works on the topic. At the same time, information regarding them was fragmented. The publication of a unified bibliographic index for forensic psychology compiled by Irkutsk forensic scientists N.N.  Kitaev and V.N.  Kitaeva [Forensic psychological examination and forensic examinations with the participation of a psychologist: Bibliographic Index, 1901–2016. Irkutsk: BSU, 2018. 166 p.] was well-timed. This has been the first experience in compilation a bibliography on forensic psychological examination in Russia. The index provides insight into the level of development of this scientific field and highlights the issues that have not been studied sufficiently or have not been developed at all. It also addresses the pressing issue of systematisation of the literature on forensic psychological examination and is a scientific reference guide and an educational tool at the same time.The article discusses the index in detail, makes remarks and observations about its content and structure, comments on some of the features of the text. A hope that the compilers will continue the work on the index improving the methods of collecting and selecting publications, expanding the bibliographic list and developing and refining its structure and categorization is expressed.

scholarly journals „Relacijska forma” kao umjetnički jezik: pristupi i prijepori

Ars Adriatica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-226
Author(s):  
Katarina Rukavina
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Ontological Status ◽  
Relational Practices ◽  
Art Forms ◽  
Extended Field ◽  
Relational Form ◽  
Insight Into

The paper aims at mapping and theoretically conceptualizing the controversies around the “relational form.” It does not, however, seek to conciliate the different positions or take “sides” in the debate; instead, it is based on concept-based methodology as an instrument offering a better insight into the researched object. Even though the form of contemporary art, be it as a process or as a procedure, is “broken” according to the traditional idea, the aim of this work is to examine the opposite. In the first part, the notion of “relational form” and the discourses related to its articulation are analyzed. The second part focuses on the techniques and procedures or strategies of the conceptual avant-gardes during the 1990s and 2000s. Eventually, the conclusion considers the efforts, debates, and possibilities of art in the extended field of relational practices. The aim of this research is to define more precisely the ontological status of contemporary art forms.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF ALGORITHM OF SMART GEOGRAPHIC AREA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Yusifov S.I ◽  
Ragimova N.A ◽  
Abdullayev V.H ◽  
Khalilov M.E
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Mapreduce Paradigm ◽  
Insight Into

The rapid development of information technologies accelerates the approximations of industry 4.0, which is why sectors of the economy and science must adapt to these changes. Global changes in geography have led to the emergence of a new scientific discipline called geoinformatics. It then provides insight into the Smart Geographic Area, its structure and the main components. To do this, there used methods for communicating the main components IIoT, IoE), for analyzing data (Big Data, Hadoop), for managing processes (CPs), for storing data (Cloud Computing, Fog Computing). As a result of the study, there was developed a Smart Geographic Area algorithm based on the MapReduce paradigm.

Chemistry meets nutrition: Toward a systems biological description of human metabolism

2010 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Lorkowski
Keyword(s):  
Life Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Human Metabolism ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Personal View ◽  
Life Science Research ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Insight Into

Chemistry was already pioneered by ancient Egyptians up to 4000 years ago. Despite its age, chemistry is by no means a dying scientific discipline. The different branches of study within chemistry have infiltrated all fields of life science research, and nobody can work in this area without using chemistry in the broadest sense. The present article is a personal view on how chemistry supports life science research, in particular in the field of nutrition and metabolism research. It provides insight into how chemistry, in close collaboration with life science research, helps to fill the gaps between our current fragmentary understanding and the comprehensive knowledge required for better understanding the molecular details of metabolism, health and disease, and aging. The most important contributions of the chemical disciplines to these studies with respect to a systems biological description of human nutrition and metabolism will be outlined.

scholarly journals Interactions between Planets and Small Bodies: Introduction

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-222
Author(s):  
M. Marov ◽  
H. Rickman
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Evolutionary Models ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Small Bodies ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
History Of ◽  
Impact Phenomena ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods ◽  
Insight Into

The exploration of our Solar System is rapidly growing in importance as a scientific discipline. During the last decades, great progress has been achieved as the result of space missions to planets and small bodies and improved remote-sensing methods, as well as due to refined techniques of laboratory measurements and a rapid progress in theoretical studies, involving the development of various astrophysical and geophysical evolutionary models, based in particular on the approach of comparative planetology. In the crossroads of astronomy and geophysics, recent years have seen a growing understanding of the importance of impact phenomena throughout the history of the Solar System and, therefore, the necessity to get more insight into the problem of interactions of planets and small bodies. This importance is clearly manifested by the observed cratering records of planetary surfaces and such dramatic events as the explosions of the comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 fragments in Jupiter’s atmosphere in 1994, that of the Tunguska object over Siberia in 1908, and the Chicxulub event dating back to the end of the Cretaceous.

Calibration problems in hydrogen luminosities

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 322-330
Author(s):  
A. Beer
Keyword(s):  
Galactic Structure ◽  
B Stars ◽  
Insight Into

The investigations which I should like to summarize in this paper concern recent photo-electric luminosity determinations of O and B stars. Their final aim has been the derivation of new stellar distances, and some insight into certain patterns of galactic structure.

Stochasting modeling of planetary ring systems

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 461-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Entropy ◽  
Ring System ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Ultimate State ◽  
Interparticle Interactions ◽  
Ring Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Planetary Ring ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTThis paper models maximum entropy configurations of idealized gravitational ring systems. Such configurations are of interest because systems generally evolve toward an ultimate state of maximum randomness. For simplicity, attention is confined to ultimate states for which interparticle interactions are no longer of first order importance. The planets, in their orbits about the sun, are one example of such a ring system. The extent to which the present approximation yields insight into ring systems such as Saturn's is explored briefly.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

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