scholarly journals Efficient long-term conservation of Taraxacum pieninicum synthetic seeds in slow growth conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kamińska ◽  
Marcin Gołębiewski ◽  
Andrzej Tretyn ◽  
Alina Trejgell
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Seeds ◽  
Taraxacum Pieninicum

scholarly journals Abscisic acid in preservation of Taraxacum pieninicum in the form of synthetic seeds in slow growth conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kamińska ◽  
Jacek Kęsy ◽  
Alina Trejgell
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Seeds ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Taraxacum Pieninicum

Abstract Taraxacum pieninicum Pawł. is listed as critically endangered species, for which currently applied protection methods are insufficient. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of T. pieninicum storage in the form of synthetic seeds under slow-growth conditions in combination with ABA treatment, as one of the ex situ protection methods of this species. The obtained results indicated that darkness was much more favorable condition for synseed storage and did not generate additional stress during cold exposure in contrast to the light conditions. The preculture of shoot tips on the medium supplemented with ABA led to a decrease in the shoots proliferation rate and inhibition of their growth. ABA clearly inhibited growth of the encapsulated shoot tips also during cold storage. Biochemical parameters showed that ABA effectively reduced the negative effect of the cold stress, what was found on the basis of analyzes of H2O2 and TBARS levels in the stored material. Moreover, synseeds stored under light conditions and treated with ABA exhibited decreased level of endogenous jasmonic acid what indicated interaction between those two phytohormones at a low temperature. The study also demonstrated that in vitro culture, cold storage and ABA treatment had no effect on the flowering process of this species after acclimatization to ex vitro conditions.

Attractors for multi-valued lattice dynamical systems with nonlinear diffusion terms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panpan Zhang ◽  
Anhui Gu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Nonlinear Diffusion ◽  
Upper Semicontinuity ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Pullback Attractor ◽  
Random Lattice ◽  
Lipschitz Continuous ◽  
Lattice Dynamical Systems ◽  
Long Term Behavior

This paper is devoted to the long-term behavior of nonautonomous random lattice dynamical systems with nonlinear diffusion terms. The nonlinear drift and diffusion terms are not expected to be Lipschitz continuous but satisfy the continuity and growth conditions. We first prove the existence of solutions, and establish the existence of a multi-valued nonautonomous cocycle. We then show the existence and uniqueness of pullback attractors parameterized by sample parameters. Finally, we establish the measurability of this pullback attractor by the method based on the weak upper semicontinuity of the solutions.

scholarly journals Determination of a long-term optimal irrigation strategy for dry beans in Parana State, Brazil

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (spe) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.T. de Faria ◽  
M.V. Folegatti ◽  
J.A. Frizzone ◽  
A.M. Saad
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Irrigation Strategy ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Net Return

The economical benefits of different irrigation strategies were assessed by long term simulation (20 years) for dry beans in Paraná, Brazil. The model BEANGRO was used to simulate crop yield and irrigation requirements assuming eight levels of irrigation threshold (20 to 90% of the remaining soil available water in steps of 10%), in addition to a level considering no irrigation. Net return was the objective function to select the optimum irrigation management strategy, assuming fixed and stochastic distributions of historical product price. The results showed that yield was significantly increased by irrigation despite a high variability for all the simulation strategies, due to variations on growth conditions over the years. Although the net return was highly variable, it was positive in 75% of the years for all strategies with threshold values higher than 30%. The strategy of irrigating the crop before the soil reaches 60% AW provided the maximum economical benefits. The high profit using this improved strategy justifies the practice of irrigation for beans in Paraná.

scholarly journals Response of the temperate coral <i>Cladocora caespitosa</i> to mid- and long-term exposure to <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature levels projected for the year 2100 AD

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rodolfo-Metalpa ◽  
S. Martin ◽  
C. Ferrier-Pagès ◽  
J.-P. Gattuso
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
Elevated Pco2 ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Co2 Partial Pressure ◽  
Cladocora Caespitosa ◽  
Temperate Coral ◽  
Predominant Factor ◽  
Zooxanthellate Coral ◽  
Temperature Levels

Abstract. Atmospheric CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) is expected to increase to 700 μatm or more by the end of the present century. Anthropogenic CO2 is absorbed by the oceans, leading to decreases in pH and the CaCO3 saturation state (Ω) of the seawater. Elevated pCO2 was shown to drastically decrease calcification rates in tropical zooxanthellate corals. Here we show, using the Mediterranean zooxanthellate coral Cladocora caespitosa, that an increase in pCO2, in the range predicted for 2100, does not reduce its calcification rate. Therefore, the conventional belief that calcification rates will be affected by ocean acidification may not be widespread in temperate corals. Seasonal change in temperature is the predominant factor controlling photosynthesis, respiration, calcification and symbiont density. An increase in pCO2, alone or in combination with elevated temperature, had no significant effect on photosynthesis, photosynthetic efficiency and calcification. The lack of sensitivity C. caespitosa to elevated pCO2 might be due to its slow growth rates, which seem to be more dependent on temperature than on the saturation state of calcium carbonate in the range projected for the end of the century.

scholarly journals INVEST ASI, EKSPOR DAN MASALAH DE-INDUSTRIALISASI DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Anton Agus Setyawan ◽  
Fatchurrohman Fatchurrohman
Keyword(s):  
Direct Investment ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Investment Rate ◽  
The Ideal

There are two constraints in the process of economic recovery in Indonesia. First, investment rate is decreasing in the last five years. This matter happens due to the bad investment climate in Indonesia. Second, slow growth of export rate in Indonesia. At the present, investment rate in Indonesia is only 22 percent of GDP, while the ideal rate is 30 percent of GDP. Another problem, which may be interrupting the economic recovery, is de-industrialization. The sign of de-industrialization occur by relocation phenomena of FDIfrom Indonesia. This research analyze the effects of direct investment and export to GDP. The tool of analyses of this research is econometric model known as Error Correc­tion Models. The results shows that in a long term and short term, export and direct investment do not have a significant effect to GDP. It shows that Indonesia do not have a clear policy about export and investment. The policy implications of this research are government should have a deregulation policy in the industry and recover investment climate.

scholarly journals Chromosomal Rearrangements in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Strains Isolated from Asymptomatic Human Carriers

mBio ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. David Matthews ◽  
Wolfgang Rabsch ◽  
Stanley Maloy
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Bacterial Chromosomes ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTHost-specific serovars ofSalmonella entericaoften have large-scale chromosomal rearrangements that occur by recombination betweenrrnoperons. Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain these rearrangements: (i) replichore imbalance from horizontal gene transfer drives the rearrangements to restore balance, or (ii) the rearrangements are a consequence of the host-specific lifestyle. Although recent evidence has refuted the replichore balance hypothesis, there has been no direct evidence for the lifestyle hypothesis. To test this hypothesis, we determined therrnarrangement type for 20Salmonella entericaserovar Typhi strains obtained from human carriers at periodic intervals over multiple years. These strains were also phage typed and analyzed for rearrangements that occurred over long-term storage versus routine culturing. Strains isolated from the same carrier at different time points often exhibited different arrangement types. Furthermore, colonies isolated directly from the Dorset egg slants used to store the strains also had different arrangement types. In contrast, colonies that were repeatedly cultured always had the same arrangement type. Estimated replichore balance of isolated strains did not improve over time, and some of the rearrangements resulted in decreased replicore balance. Our results support the hypothesis that the restricted lifestyle of host-specificSalmonellais responsible for the frequent chromosomal rearrangements in these serovars.IMPORTANCEAlthough it was previously thought that bacterial chromosomes were stable, comparative genomics has demonstrated that bacterial chromosomes are dynamic, undergoing rearrangements that change the order and expression of genes. While mostSalmonellastrains have a conserved chromosomal arrangement type, rearrangements are very common in host-specificSalmonellastrains. This study suggests that chromosome rearrangements in the host-specificSalmonella entericaserovar Typhi, the causal agent of typhoid fever, occur within the human host over time. The results also indicate that rearrangements can occur during long-term maintenance on laboratory medium. Although these genetic changes do not limit survival under slow-growth conditions, they may limit the survival ofSalmonellaTyphi in other environments, as predicted for the role of pseudogenes and genome reduction in niche-restricted bacteria.

Progressive stiffening and relatively slow growth of the dilated ascending aorta in long-term Fontan survivors―Serial assessment for 15 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohsuke Hayama ◽  
Hideo Ohuchi ◽  
Jun Negishi ◽  
Toru Iwasa ◽  
Heima Sakaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
Ascending Aorta

scholarly journals Chromosome segregation in B. subtilis is highly heterogeneous

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina El Najjar ◽  
Peter L. Graumann
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Single Chromosome ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Initiation Of Replication ◽  
Bacterial Cell Cycle

Abstract Objective The bacterial cell cycle comprises initiation of replication and ensuing elongation, concomitant chromosome segregation (in some organisms with a delay termed cohesion), and finally cell division. By quantifying the number of origin and terminus regions in exponentially growing Bacillus subtilis cells, and after induction of DNA damage, we aimed at determining cell cycle parameters at different growth rates at a single cell level. Results B. subtilis cells are mostly mero-oligoploid during fast growth and diploid during slow growth. However, we found that the number of replication origins and of termini is highly heterogeneous within the cell population at two different growth rates, and that even at slow growth, a majority of cells attempts to maintain more than a single chromosome at all times of the cell cycle. Heterogeneity of chromosome copy numbers may reflect different subpopulations having diverging growth rates even during exponential growth conditions. Cells continued to initiate replication and segregate chromosomes after induction of DNA damage, as judged by an increase in origin numbers per cell, showing that replication and segregation are relatively robust against cell cycle perturbation.

Minor shifts towards more natural conditions in captivity improve long-term survival among reintroduced Atlantic salmon

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 931-942
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Harbicht ◽  
Dylan J. Fraser ◽  
William R. Ardren
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Release Times

Elevating winter water temperatures is a common practice when rearing salmonids for supplementation or reintroduction. Doing so elevates developmental rates, producing larger juveniles with greater smolt-to-adult survival, but does not guarantee improved adult returns to stocked tributaries. To test whether more natural developmental conditions improve adult returns to stocked tributaries, three consecutive cohorts of yearling (age 1+) landlocked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were released into two tributaries of Lake Champlain. Cohorts were reared under two winter thermal conditions (seasonal surface water and above-seasonal groundwater) and (or) two release times (early and normal). Relative to standard hatchery practices, modelled returns to experimental tributaries increased over replicate cohorts by 286% on average following exposure to seasonal rearing temperatures, but decreased by 89% on average when release dates were advanced. By utilizing cost-effective shifts towards hatchery rearing techniques that more closely resemble natural growth conditions, we demonstrate how hatchery programs may improve long-term survival and returns for fish species with complex life histories involved in supplementation and reintroduction programs.

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