Does somaclonal variation play advantageous role in conservation practice of endangered species?: comprehensive genetic studies of in vitro propagated plantlets of Viola stagnina Kit. (Violaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Żabicki ◽  
Elwira Sliwinska ◽  
Józef Mitka ◽  
Agnieszka Sutkowska ◽  
Monika Tuleja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Conservation Practice

scholarly journals Somaclonal variation on in vitro callus culture potato cultivars

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia N. Bordallo ◽  
Derly H. Silva ◽  
José Maria ◽  
Cosme D. Cruz ◽  
Elizabeth P. Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Synthetic Seed ◽  
Arbitrary Sequence ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Level

Synthetic seeds can be an alternative for those species in which botanical seeds are not viable. One of the major problems of in vitro plant cultivation is the high level of somaclonal variation. The most common factors affecting somaclonal variation are genotype, explant source, in vitro period and cultivation conditions in which the culture is established. In this work, calli were induced using leaf and stem explants of the commercial potato cultivars Achat, Baraka, Baronesa, Bintje, and Contenda in MS culture media supplemented with 1.65 mM of picloram and 11.5 mM of 2,4-D. Seventy and 90 days after induction, DNA samples of 40 calli were compared concerning the effects of the two explant (leaf and stem) and two growth regulator sources on five potatoes cultivars. A total of 20 arbitrary sequence primers were evaluated. The RAPD pattern generated by these primers suggested a high percentage of polymorphic fragments among the five genotypes, indicating a high level of genetic variation among cultivars. Cultivar Baronesa showed the highest number of polymorphic fragments for all treatments. The cultivar Contenda showed the smallest somaclonal variation, for most of the treatments, except for the treatment which consisted of stem explants, picloram (1.65 mM) application, and a 70-day period of callus formation. 'Contenda' is, therefore, the most suitable cultivar for synthetic seed production.

scholarly journals Biochemical profile of cuttings used for in vitro organogenesis of Prunus africana: An endangered species in Cameroon

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (33) ◽  
pp. 2568-2575
Author(s):  
Germo Nzweundji Justine ◽  
Niemenak Nicolas ◽  
Oumar ◽  
Judith Tsafack Julie ◽  
Konan Koffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
In Vitro Organogenesis ◽  
Prunus Africana

Development and evaluation of in vitro somaclonal variation in strawberry for improved horticultural traits

2009 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Biswas ◽  
M. Dutt ◽  
U.K. Roy ◽  
R. Islam ◽  
M. Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Horticultural Traits

An Appraisal of Genetic Studies on Leprosy

1972 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Beiguelman
Keyword(s):  
Racial Differences ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Twin Pair ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Australia Antigen ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Mechanism Of Resistance ◽  
Familial Association

SummaryThe present paper reviews the research lines which have been explored to evaluate to what extent genetic factors are intervening on the mechanism of resistance and susceptibility to leprosy.It presents a critical discussion of the investigations on the familial association of leprosy, familial association of leprosy types, intrafamilial contagion of leprosy, concordance of leprosy in twinpairs, racial differences on leprosy prevalence and lepromatous rate, pedigree studies, association of leprosy to genetic markers, Australia antigen, and dermatoglyphic patterns. Space was also allotted to review family and twin-pair studies on the Mitsuda reaction, as well as to the investigation on the in vitro behaviour of blood macrophages against killed M. leprae.Some areas in which further research on leprosy and genetics may be considered as prioritary are outlined with some detail.

scholarly journals Reinvestigation of the dysbindin subunit of BLOC-1 (biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-1) as a dystrobrevin-binding protein

2006 ◽  
Vol 395 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Nazarian ◽  
Marta Starcevic ◽  
Melissa J. Spencer ◽  
Esteban C. Dell'Angelica
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Proteins ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Muscle Pathology ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Binding Interface ◽  
Lysosome Related Organelles

Dysbindin was identified as a dystrobrevin-binding protein potentially involved in the pathogenesis of muscular dystrophy. Subsequently, genetic studies have implicated variants of the human dysbindin-encoding gene, DTNBP1, in the pathogeneses of Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome and schizophrenia. The protein is a stable component of a multisubunit complex termed BLOC-1 (biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-1). In the present study, the significance of the dystrobrevin–dysbindin interaction for BLOC-1 function was examined. Yeast two-hybrid analyses, and binding assays using recombinant proteins, demonstrated direct interaction involving coiled-coil-forming regions in both dysbindin and the dystrobrevins. However, recombinant proteins bearing the coiled-coil-forming regions of the dystrobrevins failed to bind endogenous BLOC-1 from HeLa cells or mouse brain or muscle, under conditions in which they bound the Dp71 isoform of dystrophin. Immunoprecipitation of endogenous dysbindin from brain or muscle resulted in robust co-immunoprecipitation of the pallidin subunit of BLOC-1 but no specific co-immunoprecipitation of dystrobrevin isoforms. Within BLOC-1, dysbindin is engaged in interactions with three other subunits, named pallidin, snapin and muted. We herein provide evidence that the same 69-residue region of dysbindin that is sufficient for dystrobrevin binding in vitro also contains the binding sites for pallidin and snapin, and at least part of the muted-binding interface. Functional, histological and immunohistochemical analyses failed to detect any sign of muscle pathology in BLOC-1-deficient, homozygous pallid mice. Taken together, these results suggest that dysbindin assembled into BLOC-1 is not a physiological binding partner of the dystrobrevins, likely due to engagement of its dystrobrevin-binding region in interactions with other subunits.

scholarly journals Pengaruh BAP Dan NAA Terhadap Waktu Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kantong Semar(Nepenthes adrianii) Secara In-Vitro

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egi Nuryadin
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Endangered Species

Nepenthes adrianii (Kantong Semar) merupakan tanaman endemik khas Gunung Slamet, termasuk da-lam Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species(CITES).Salahsatu potensi Nepenthes adrianii sebagai pengendali se-rangga dan tanaman obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1)menentukan konsentrasi interaksi BAP dan NAA yang paling baik dan waktu munculnya untuktunas, akar dan daun. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental.Tahap munculnya tunas, akar dan daunmenggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor I adalah kon-sentrasi BAP yang terdiri dari 4taraf yaitu0μM, 5 μM, 10 μM, dan 15 μM, Faktor II konsentrasi NAAyang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu yaitu 0μM, 0,5 μM, 1 μM, dan 1,5 μM. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perkecambahan biji tanaman Nepenthes adrianii dengan menggunakan media Vacin and Went (VW) dengan penambahan konsentrasi BAP 4 Mdan perlakuan interaksi BAP 10 M dan NAA 0,5Madalah waktu yang paling cepat dalam muncul tunas, akar dan daun.

Toll-like receptor polymorphisms and susceptibility to human disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ann Misch ◽  
Thomas R. Hawn
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Disease Susceptibility ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Although several lines of evidence suggest that variation in human inflammation is genetically controlled, the genes which regulate these responses are largely unknown. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) mediate recognition of microbes, regulate activation of the innate immune response and influence the formation of adaptive immunity. Cellular and molecular studies over the past several years have identified a number of common TLR polymorphisms that modify the cellular immune response and production of cytokines in vitro. In addition, human genetic studies suggest that some of these polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to a spectrum of diseases. In this review, we summarize studies of common TLR polymorphisms and how this work is beginning to illuminate the influence of human variation on inflammation and disease susceptibility.

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