Reproductive patterns of solitary cavity-nesting bees responsive to both local and landscape factors

Red Heart Disease in Pines Caused by Porodaedalea (Phellinus) pini in Florida

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-fr425-2019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (1) ◽

pp. 3

Author(s):

Yin-Tse Huang ◽

Jeffrey Eickwort ◽

Jiri Hulcr

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Forest Resources ◽

Fact Sheet ◽

Cavity Nesting ◽

Pine Species

All pine species in Florida are susceptible to red heart disease. The disease can decrease timber value and weaken trees, making them threats to people and property. In forests, however, the same disease can be beneficial to cavity-nesting animals like red-cockaded woodpeckers. This 3-page fact sheet written by Yin-Tse Huang, Jeffrey Eickwort, and Jiri Hulcr and published by the UF/IFAS School of Forest Resources and Conservation describes the disease and provides some tips to manage it in areas where it could cause problems for people.http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr425

Download Full-text

Data for "Nesting success of wood-cavity-nesting bees declines with increasing time since wildfire"

Forest Service Research Data Archive ◽

10.2737/rds-2019-0037 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Michael P. Simanonok ◽

Laura A. Burkle

Keyword(s):

Nesting Success ◽

Cavity Nesting

Download Full-text

Reproduction

10.1093/oso/9780198785552.003.0009 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Derek Burton ◽

Margaret Burton

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Behaviour ◽

Life Cycles ◽

Freshwater Species ◽

Adult Fish ◽

Reproductive Patterns ◽

Cell Divisions ◽

Early Stages ◽

External Cues ◽

Neural Factors

Interspecific fish reproductive patterns, outputs and life cycles display the greatest variability within the vertebrates. Early stages of oogenesis can be repeated in adult fish, contrasting with mammals; the pre-set sequence of cell divisions in gametogenesis is otherwise similar and is described in detail. Most fish deposit much yolk (vitellogenesis) in developing eggs. Migrations, beach-spawning and mouth-brooding are some of the interesting variations. Fertilization is predominantly external but is internal in some groups such as chondrichthyans. The omission of annual reproduction is well established in some freshwater species and the idea that this may also be the case for marine teleosts is gaining acceptance. This should be taken into account for intensively fished species. The possible roles of external cues, hormones, pheromones and neural factors acting as ‘switches’ and coordinators in gametogenesis and reproductive behaviour are discussed.

Download Full-text

Are Climate Factors Driving the Contemporary Wildfire Occurrence in China?

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12040392 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 392

Author(s):

Zige Lan ◽

Zhangwen Su ◽

Meng Guo ◽

Ernesto C. Alvarado ◽

Futao Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Large Scale ◽

Fire Occurrence ◽

Climate Factors ◽

Wildfire Occurrence ◽

Prediction And Prevention ◽

Data Resolution ◽

Main Driver ◽

Landscape Factors ◽

Modelling Approach

Understanding the drivers of wildfire occurrence is of great value for fire prevention and management, but due to the variation in research methods, data sources, and data resolution of those studies, it is challenging to conduct a large-scale comprehensive comparative qualitative analysis on the topic. China has diverse vegetation types and topography, and has undergone rapid economic and social development, but experiences a high frequency of wildfires, making it one of the ideal locations for wildfire research. We applied the Random Forests modelling approach to explore the main types of wildfire drivers (climate factors, landscape factors and human factors) in three high wildfire density regions (Northeast (NE), Southwest (SW), and Southeast (SE)) of China. The results indicate that climate factors were the main driver of wildfire occurrence in the three regions. Precipitation and temperature significantly impacted the fire occurrence in the three regions due to the direct influence on the moisture content of forest fuel. However, wind speed had important influence on fire occurrence in the SE and SW. The explanation power of the landscape and human factors varied significantly between regions. Human factors explained 40% of the fire occurrence in the SE but only explained less than 10% of the fire occurrence in the NE and SW. The density of roads was identified as the most important human factor driving fires in all three regions, but railway density had more explanation power on fire occurrence in the SE than in the other regions. The landscape factors showed nearly no influence on fire occurrence in the NE but explained 46.4% and 20.6% in the SE and SW regions, respectively. Amongst landscape factors, elevation had the highest average explanation power on fire occurrence in the three regions, particularly in the SW. In conclusion, this study provides useful insights into targeted fire prediction and prevention, which should be more precise and effective under climate change and socio-economic development.

Download Full-text

Breeding success and its correlates in native versus invasive secondary cavity-nesting birds

Emu - Austral Ornithology ◽

10.1080/01584197.2020.1868945 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Françoise Lermite ◽

Salit Kark ◽

Chloe Peneaux ◽

Andrea S. Griffin

Keyword(s):

Breeding Success ◽

Cavity Nesting

Download Full-text

The circadian clock uses different environmental time cues to synchronize emergence and locomotion of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-54111-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Katharina Beer ◽

Mariela Schenk ◽

Charlotte Helfrich-Förster ◽

Andrea Holzschuh

Keyword(s):

Circadian Clock ◽

Circadian System ◽

Evolutionary Adaptation ◽

Solitary Bee ◽

Daily Rhythms ◽

Osmia Bicornis ◽

Cavity Nesting ◽

Impact On Survival ◽

Life On Earth ◽

And Behavior

AbstractLife on earth adapted to the daily reoccurring changes in environment by evolving an endogenous circadian clock. Although the circadian clock has a crucial impact on survival and behavior of solitary bees, many aspects of solitary bee clock mechanisms remain unknown. Our study is the first to show that the circadian clock governs emergence in Osmia bicornis, a bee species which overwinters as adult inside its cocoon. Therefore, its eclosion from the pupal case is separated by an interjacent diapause from its emergence in spring. We show that this bee species synchronizes its emergence to the morning. The daily rhythms of emergence are triggered by temperature cycles but not by light cycles. In contrast to this, the bee’s daily rhythms in locomotion are synchronized by light cycles. Thus, we show that the circadian clock of O. bicornis is set by either temperature or light, depending on what activity is timed. Light is a valuable cue for setting the circadian clock when bees have left the nest. However, for pre-emerged bees, temperature is the most important cue, which may represent an evolutionary adaptation of the circadian system to the cavity-nesting life style of O. bicornis.

Download Full-text