Social Impact Investment Behavior in the Nonprofit Sector: First Insights from an Online Survey Experiment

The rise of professionalism within the nonprofit sector has transformed the sector’s reliance on well-meaning volunteers to paid professionals. While the professionalization of the nonprofit workforce is likely to continue, nonprofits are increasingly challenged for their inability to pay competitive wages. Our study argues that a social expectation for nonprofit employees to forgo some of their wages influences the donative labor narrative, which in turn impacts low nonprofit wages. We present data from an online survey experiment of executive directors at 467 nonprofits, along with their organizations’ Form 990 filings, to contrast socially biased attitudes and genuine views toward the donative labor hypothesis. The findings illustrate that the donative labor narrative should be understood as a result of social expectations for sacrifice of nonprofit employees, rather than a simple outcome of supply and demand in the labor market. We discuss the need to reframe the widespread donative labor narrative.

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Politics of Nostalgia and Populism: Evidence from Turkey

British Journal of Political Science ◽

10.1017/s0007123420000666 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Ezgi Elçi

Keyword(s):

Direct Effect ◽

Online Survey ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Survey Experiment ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Party Preference ◽

The Relationship

Abstract This article scrutinizes the relationship between collective nostalgia and populism. Different populist figures utilize nostalgia by referring to their country's ‘good old’ glorious days and exploiting resentment of the elites and establishment. Populists instrumentalize nostalgia in order to create their populist heartland, which is a retrospectively constructed utopia based on an abandoned but undead past. Using two original datasets from Turkey, this study first analyzes whether collective nostalgia characterizes populist attitudes of the electorate. The results illustrate that collective nostalgia has a significantly positive relationship with populist attitudes even after controlling for various independent variables, including religiosity, partisanship, satisfaction with life and Euroscepticism. Secondly, the study tests whether nostalgic messages affect populist attitudes using an online survey experiment. The results indicate that Ottoman nostalgia helps increase populist attitudes. Kemalist nostalgia, however, has a weak direct effect on populist attitudes that disappears after controlling for party preference.

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Effective but fragile? Responses to repeated nudge-based messages for preventing the spread of COVID-19 infection

Japanese Economic Review ◽

10.1007/s42973-021-00076-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shusaku Sasaki ◽

Hirofumi Kurokawa ◽

Fumio Ohtake

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Change ◽

Infection Prevention ◽

Online Survey ◽

Behavioral Changes ◽

Survey Experiment ◽

The Third ◽

Compliance Level ◽

Change Effect ◽

Loss Frame ◽

Over Time

AbstractNudge-based messages have been employed in various countries to encourage voluntary contact-avoidance and infection-prevention behaviors to control the spread of COVID-19. People have been repeatedly exposed to such messages; however, whether the messages keep exerting a significant impact over time remains unclear. From April to August 2020, we conducted a four-wave online survey experiment to examine how five types of nudge-based messages influence Japanese people’s self-reported preventive behaviors. In particular, we investigate how their behaviors are affected by repeated displays over time. The analysis with 4241 participants finds that only a gain-framed altruistic message, emphasizing their behavioral adherence would protect the lives of people close to them, reduces their frequency of going out and contacting others. We do not find similar behavioral changes in messages that contain an altruistic element but emphasize it in a loss-frame or describe their behavioral adherence as protecting both one’s own and others’ lives. Furthermore, the behavioral change effect of the gain-framed altruistic message disappears in the third and fourth waves, although its impact of reinforcing intentions remains. This message has even an adverse effect of worsening the compliance level of infection-prevention behaviors for the subgroup who went out less frequently before the experiment. The study’s results imply that when using nudge-based messages as a countermeasure for COVID-19, policymakers and practitioners need to carefully scrutinize the message elements and wording and examine to whom and how the messages should be delivered while considering their potential adverse and side effects.

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Social Impact Investment

Encyclopedia of Sustainability in Higher Education ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-11352-0_300224 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1480-1480

Keyword(s):

Social Impact ◽

Social Impact Investment

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Geographical Distribution and Modeling of the Impact of Women Driving Cars on the Sustainable Development of Saudi Arabia

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13179941 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (17) ◽

pp. 9941

Author(s):

Najah Al-Garawi ◽

Ismail Anil

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Economic Impact ◽

Geographical Distribution ◽

Public Perception ◽

Online Survey ◽

Social Impact ◽

Well Being ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

The Impact

Background: This work investigated attitudes and public perception regarding the impact of allowing women to drive on social, environmental, and economic aspects of the sustainable development in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study includes the perspectives of both women and men towards the potential implications of this decree on society in general and women’s well-being in particular. Methods: The methodology consisted of an online survey that was conducted before and after the decree was activated in 2017, where 62,065 individuals participated from thirteen provinces of the KSA. Geographic information systems (GISs) and statistical methods were applied to the obtained datasets to examine the geographical distribution and modeling of the effect of women driving on sustainable development of the KSA. Results: The results show that the attitudes towards allowing women to drive are geographically and statistically diverse. The study revealed that the economic impact of women driving was the highest significance, especially in increasing employment opportunities for women and decreasing household travel expenses for women. Conclusion: Overall, 70.4% of respondents agreed that women driving will positively affect the sustainable development of the KSA in terms of social and economic impact. The study also revealed that geographic location is one of the dominating factors on the attitudes towards the social impact of women driving within 95% confidence interval. Additionally, participants strongly believe (with an agreement rate of 85.1%) that Saudi women driving will improve economic development and the female job market.

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Status, Growth, and Perceptions of School Quality

Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis ◽

10.3102/01623737211030505 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 016237372110305

Author(s):

David M. Houston ◽

Michael Henderson ◽

Paul E. Peterson ◽

Martin R. West

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Online Survey ◽

School Quality ◽

Survey Experiment ◽

Accountability Systems ◽

Local Schools ◽

Achievement Growth ◽

Status Information ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Perceptions Of School

States and districts are increasingly incorporating measures of achievement growth into their school accountability systems, but there is little research on how these changes affect the public’s perceptions of school quality. We conduct a nationally representative online survey experiment to identify the effects of providing participants with information about their local public schools’ average achievement status and/or average achievement growth. Prior to receiving any information, participants already possess a modest understanding of how their local schools perform in terms of status, but they are largely unaware of how these schools perform in terms of growth. Participants who live in higher status districts tend to grade their local schools more favorably. The provision of status information does not fundamentally change this relationship. The provision of growth information, however, alters Americans’ views about local educational performance. Once informed, participants’ evaluations of their local schools better reflect the variation in district growth.

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A scale for restaurant customers’ healthy menu choices: individual and environmental factors

International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management ◽

10.1108/ijchm-06-2017-0377 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 217-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

EunHa Jeong ◽

SooCheong (Shawn) Jang ◽

Carl Behnke ◽

James Anderson ◽

Jonathon Day

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Online Survey ◽

Social Impact ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Survey Method ◽

Content Type ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Healthy Eating Behaviors

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the dimensions of restaurant customers’ engagement or disengagement with healthy eating in terms of individual and environmental factors to develop a scale. The results identified the underlying constructs of customers’ individual motives for and perceived barriers to healthy eating, as well as environmental elements of restaurants that encourage or discourage healthy eating. Design/methodology/approach To develop an appropriate set of measures to assess factors influencing customers’ healthy eating behaviors at restaurants, the current study undertook the five steps of scale development suggested by Churchill (1979): specifying the domain of constructs, generating a pool of initial measurement items, assessing content adequacy, administering questionnaires (an online survey method) and purifying and finalizing the measurement (via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using 410 samples and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using 423 samples). Findings The results revealed ten individual factors (health, body image, weight control, feeling better, unappealing food, cost perception, lack of knowledge, state of mind (stress), lack of self-control and negative influences) and five environmental factors (healthy indications, social impact, availability of healthy menu, price policy and unhealthy indications) influencing customers’ healthy eating behaviors at restaurants. Originality/value This study developed an appropriate set of measures to assess individual and environmental factors influencing restaurant customers’ healthy eating behaviors, along with identifying underlying sub-constructs. The reliability and validity of the scale and the factor structure are presented and potential applications and theoretical contributions of the scale are provided as well.

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