scholarly journals Technological, functional and safety properties of lactobacilli isolates from soft wheat sourdough and their potential use as antimould cultures

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatziri Mota-Gutierrez ◽  
Irene Franciosa ◽  
Marianna Ruggirello ◽  
Paola Dolci
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
High Water ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Safety Properties ◽  
Spoilage Fungi

AbstractBakery products are a common medium for fungal growth due to their high-water activity and nutrients availability. The application of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from wheat bran or other cereals has shown great potential in controlling the growth of spoilage fungi, guarantee quality and prolong the shelf life of bakery products. This study outlines the antifungal, technological, functional and safety properties of autochthonous LAB microbiota isolated from type 0 soft wheat sourdough fermentation. Antifungal activity of 77 LAB belonging to Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lacticaseibacillus casei species isolated from spontaneous sourdough fermentation was tested in vitro against 16 spoilage fungi. Our findings demonstrated that the antifungal activity, enzymatic and safety properties of LAB isolates vary strain-dependently. Four LAB isolates (Lp. plantarum A16, A25, B11, and B15) showed the best traits, in particular strong antifungal activity and good capabilities to produce exopolysaccharides from different carbon sources in vitro. Care should be taken when using Lp. plantarum A310 and B18 and Lc. casei A23, as starter cultures, since these isolates exhibited a multiple antibiotic-resistance. Here we showed the promising potential of different LAB isolates as bio-preservative agents and to provide new insights regarding their prospective use as starter cultures to guarantee safety and palatability. Graphic abstract

Screening for Antifungal Activity of Some Essential Oils Against Common Spoilage Fungi of Bakery Products

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Guynot ◽  
S. MarÍn ◽  
L. SetÚ ◽  
V. Sanchis ◽  
A. J. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Agar Culture ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Spoilage Fungi

The antifungal effect of 20 essential oils against the most important moulds in terms of spoilage of bakery products ( Eurotiumspp., Aspergillusspp. and Penicilliumspp.) was investigated. Suitable solutions of essential oils were added directly to an agar culture medium (containing 2% wheat flour) to obtain a final concentration in the range between 0 to 1,000 ppm. Antifungal activity was tested at different water activity ( aw) and pH conditions, and the fungal growth was followed by measuring the colony diameter during the incubation period. Only cinnamon leaf, rosemary, thyme, bay and clove essential oils exhibited some antifungal activity against all isolates. The antifungal activity depended on aw and pH levels. In general, a stronger inhibition was observed as the water availability increased, moreover, in some cases at 0.80 aw they favoured fungal growth. The interaction between essential oil concentration and pH depended mainly on the essential oil. Rosemary, thyme and bay were more effective at pH 5, loosing their activity as pH increased, while only cinnamon leaf was more effective near neutrality. These findings strengthen the possibility of using plant essential oils as an alternative to chemicals to preserve bakery products.

scholarly journals Synthetic Histidine-Rich Peptides Inhibit Candida Species and Other Fungi In Vitro: Role of Endocytosis and Treatment Implications

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 2797-2805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingsong Zhu ◽  
Paul W. Luther ◽  
Qixin Leng ◽  
A. James Mixson
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Nucleic Acid Delivery ◽  
Histatin 5 ◽  
Ph Buffering ◽  
Endosomal Acidification

ABSTRACT A family of histidine-rich peptides, histatins, is secreted by the parotid gland in mammals and exhibits marked inhibitory activity against a number of Candida species. We were particularly interested in the mechanism by which histidine-rich peptides inhibit fungal growth, because our laboratory has synthesized a variety of such peptides for drug and nucleic acid delivery. In contrast to naturally occurring peptides that are linear, peptides made on synthesizers can be varied with respect to their degrees of branching. Using this technology, we explored whether histidine-lysine (HK) polymers of different complexities and degrees of branching affect the growth of several species of Candida. Polymers with higher degrees of branching were progressively more effective against Candida albicans, with the four-branched polymer, H2K4b, most effective. Furthermore, H2K4b accumulated efficiently in C. albicans, which may indicate its ability to transport other antifungal agents intracellularly. Although H2K4b had greater antifungal activity than histatin 5, their mechanisms were similar. Toxicity in C. albicans induced by histatin 5 or branched HK peptides was markedly reduced by 4,4′-diisothiocyanato-stilbene-2,2′-disulfonate, an inhibitor of anion channels. We also determined that bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of endosomal acidification, significantly decreased the antifungal activity of H2K4b. This suggests that the pH-buffering and subsequent endosomal-disrupting properties of histidine-rich peptides have a role in their antifungal activity. Moreover, the ability of the histidine component of these peptides to disrupt endosomes, which allows their escape from the lysosomal pathway, may explain why these peptides are both effective antifungal agents and nucleic acid delivery carriers.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Intramacrophage Growth ofPenicillium marneffei by 4-Aminoquinolines

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1450-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Taramelli ◽  
Clara Tognazioli ◽  
F. Ravagnani ◽  
O. Leopardi ◽  
G. Giannulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Dependent Inhibition ◽  
J774 Cells ◽  
Dose Dependent Inhibition

ABSTRACT The antimicrobial activities of chloroquine (CQ) and several 4-aminoquinoline drugs were tested against Penicillium marneffei, an opportunistic fungus that invades and grows inside macrophages and causes disseminated infection in AIDS patients. Human THP1 and mouse J774 macrophages were infected in vitro with P. marneffei conidia and treated with different doses of drugs for 24 to 48 h followed by cell lysis and the counting of P. marneffei CFU. CQ and amodiaquine exerted a dose-dependent inhibition of fungal growth, whereas quinine and artemisinin were fungistatic and not fungicidal. The antifungal activity of CQ was not due to an impairment of fungal iron acquisition in that it was not reversed by the addition of iron nitrilotriacetate, FeCl3, or iron ammonium citrate. Perl's staining indicated that CQ did not alter the ability of J774 cells to acquire iron from the medium. Most likely, CQ's antifungal activity is due to an increase in the intravacuolar pH and a disruption of pH-dependent metabolic processes. Indeed, we demonstrate that (i) bafilomycin A1 and ammonium chloride, two agents known to alkalinize intracellular vesicles by different mechanisms, were inhibitory as well and (ii) a newly synthesized 4-amino-7-chloroquinoline molecule (compound 9), lacking the terminal amino side chain of CQ that assists in drug accumulation, did not inhibit P. marneffei growth. These results suggest that CQ has a potential for use in prophylaxis of P. marneffeiinfections in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in countries where P. marneffei is endemic.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of buparvaquone against Sporothrix brasiliensis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Pereira Borba-Santos ◽  
Thayná Lopes Barreto ◽  
Taissa Vila ◽  
Kung Darh Chi ◽  
Fabiana dos Santos Monti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Sporothrix Brasiliensis ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Altered Cell

Sporotrichosis has become an important zoonosis in Brazil and Sporothrix brasiliensis is the primary species transmitted by cats. Improvement of animal treatment will help control and limit the spread and geographic expansion of sporotrichosis. Accordingly, buparvaquone, an antiprotozoal hydroxynaphthoquinone agent marketed as Butalex®, was evaluated in vitro and in vivo against feline-borne isolates of S. brasiliensis . Buparvaquone inhibited in vitro fungal growth at concentrations 4-fold lower than itraconazole (the first-choice antifungal used for sporotrichosis) and was 408 times more selective for S. brasiliensis than mammalian cells. Yeasts treated with a subinhibitory concentration of buparvaquone exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS and neutral lipid accumulation, and impaired plasma membranes. Also, scanning electron microscopy images revealed buparvaquone altered cell wall integrity and induced cell disruption. I n vivo experiments in a Galleria mellonella model revealed that buparvaquone (single dose of 5 mg/kg) is more effective than itraconazole against infections with S. brasiliensis yeasts. Combined, our results indicate that buparvaquone has a great in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity against S. brasiliensis , revealing the potential application of this drug as an alternative treatment for feline sporotrichosis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles Against Fusarium Solani Phytopathogenic Fungi in in Vitro and in Vivo Assays

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela R. Avila ◽  
Graciela Juez Castillo ◽  
Carel E. Carvajal
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Tomato Root ◽  
Root Cells

Abstract Fungal diseases are a current problem in agriculture causing significant losses in several crops whereby its prevention and treatment is of utmost importance. The Chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against the phytopathogen Fusarium solani. The chitosan concentration in nanoparticles that showed antifungal activity was 2.0 µg/mL. ChNPs showed to be a potential antifungal candidate with applications in phytosanitary control. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed damage to the fungal cell wall and membrane caused by the nanoparticles interaction with these structures affecting fungal growth and development in in vitro as in in vivo assay where microscopy demonstrated the internalization of nanoparticles aggregates within plant root cells cytoplasm up to 45 days. Therefore ChNPs nanoparticles could be an alternative method for diseases caused by Fusarium solani instead of chemical fungicides commonly used for treating tomato root rot.

In vitro Antifungal Activity of Dihydropyrimidinones/Thiones Against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 648-655
Author(s):  
Gabriel O. de Azambuja ◽  
Laura Svetaz ◽  
Itamar L. Gonçalves ◽  
Patricia F. Corbelini ◽  
Gilsane L. von Poser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Drug Design ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Biginelli Reaction ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Chemical Library ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Background: Since the Monastrol discovery in 1999 as the first inhibitor of Eg5, functionalized dihydropyrimidinones/thiones (DHPMs) have emerged as prototypes for drug design in different targets. The present work aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of a chemical library of DHPMs. Methods: The compounds were obtained employing Biginelli reaction. Their antifungal activities were assessed against C. neoformans and C. albicans. Results: The compounds 1-i and 1-k inhibited moderately the fungal growth of C. neoformans, with compound 2-k presenting MIC80 values of 62.5-125 µg·mL-1. Considering activity against C. albicans, the compounds 1-i and 1-n present an MIC50 value of 125-250 µg·mL-1. Conclusion: The changes performed in DHPM scaffold appear to be valuable for generating compounds with potential antifungal effect.

scholarly journals Characterization of Antifungal Activity and Nail Penetration of ME1111, a New Antifungal Agent for Topical Treatment of Onychomycosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 1035-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Tabata ◽  
Naomi Takei-Masuda ◽  
Natsuki Kubota ◽  
Sho Takahata ◽  
Makoto Ohyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antifungal Agent ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Penetration Ability

ABSTRACTFungal nail infection (onychomycosis) is a prevalent disease in many areas of the world, with a high incidence approaching 23%. Available antifungals to treat the disease suffer from a number of disadvantages, necessitating the discovery of new efficacious and safe antifungals. Here, we evaluate thein vitroantifungal activity and nail penetration ability of ME1111, a novel antifungal agent, along with comparator drugs, including ciclopirox, amorolfine, terbinafine, and itraconazole. ME1111 showed potent antifungal activity againstTrichophyton rubrumandTrichophyton mentagrophytes(the major etiologic agents of onychomycosis) strains isolated in Japan and reference fungal strains with an MIC range of 0.12 to 0.5 mg/liter and an MIC50and MIC90of 0.5 mg/liter for both. Importantly, none of the tested isolates showed an elevated ME1111 MIC. Moreover, the antifungal activity of ME1111 was minimally affected by 5% wool keratin powder in comparison to the other antifungals tested. The ME1111 solution was able to penetrate human nails and inhibit fungal growth in a dose-dependent manner according to the TurChub assay. In contrast, 8% ciclopirox and 5% amorolfine nail lacquers showed no activity under the same conditions. ME1111 demonstrated approximately 60-fold-greater selectivity in inhibition ofTrichophyton spp. than of human cell lines. Our findings demonstrate that ME1111 possesses potent antidermatophyte activity, maintains this activity in the presence of keratin, and possesses excellent human nail permeability. These results suggest that ME1111 is a promising topical medication for the treatment of onychomycosis and therefore warrants further clinical evaluation.

Evaluation of topical therapies for the treatment of dermatophyte-infected hairs from dogs and cats

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
N White-Weithers ◽  
L Medleau
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Hypochlorite Solution

Seven commonly used, topical antifungal products (i.e., lime sulfur, chlorhexidine, captan, povidone-iodine, sodium hypochlorite, and enilconazole solutions, and ketoconazole shampoo) were evaluated for their antifungal activity on Microsporum canis-infected hairs from dogs and cats in an in vitro study. Hairs were soaked or shampooed in each product for five minutes twice a week for four weeks. Of the seven products used in this study, lime sulfur and enilconazole solutions were superior in inhibiting fungal growth; no growth occurred on fungal cultures after two treatments with either product. Chlorhexidine and povidone iodine solutions were effective after four treatments, and sodium hypochlorite solution and ketoconazole shampoo inhibited fungal growth after eight treatments. Captan did not inhibit fungal growth during the test period.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activity of Ocimum basilicum L. Essential Oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neveen Helmy Abou El-Soud ◽  
Mohamed Deabes ◽  
Lamia Abou El-Kassem ◽  
Mona Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Oil Concentration

BACKGROUND: The leaves of Ocimum basilicum L. (basil) are used in traditional cuisine as spices; its essential oil has found a wide application in perfumery, dental products as well as antifungal agents.AIM: To assess the chemical composition as well as the in vitro antifungal activity of O. basilicum L. essential oil against Aspergillus flavus fungal growth and aflatoxin B1 production.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The essential oil of O. basilicum was obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed using gas chromatography (GC) and GC coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The essential oil was tested for its effects on Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) mycelial growth and aflatoxin B1 production in Yeast Extract Sucrose (YES) growth media. Aflatoxin B1 production was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).RESULTS: Nineteen compounds, representing 96.7% of the total oil were identified. The main components were as follows: linalool (48.4%), 1,8-cineol (12.2%), eugenol (6.6%), methyl cinnamate (6.2%), α-cubebene (5.7%), caryophyllene (2.5%), β-ocimene (2.1%) and α-farnesene (2.0%).The tested oil showed significant antifungal activity that was dependent on the used oil concentration. The complete inhibition of A. flavus growth was observed at 1000 ppm oil concentration, while marked inhibition of aflatoxin B1 production was observed at all oil concentrations tested (500, 750 and 1000 ppm).CONCLUSION: These results confirm the antifungal activities of O. basilicum L. oil and its potential use to cure mycotic infections and act as pharmaceutical preservative against A. flavus growth and aflatoxin B1 production.

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