Assessment of air pollution and health hazard associated with sawmill and municipal waste burning in Abeokuta Metropolis, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (32) ◽  
pp. 32708-32722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusegun Oguntoke ◽  
Folayemi O. Emoruwa ◽  
Matthew A. Taiwo
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Waste Burning

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Air Pollution and All-Cause Mortality in Singapore

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho ◽  
Zheng ◽  
Cheong ◽  
En ◽  
Pek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
World Population ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
The Relationship

Ambient air pollution is a risk factor for both acute and chronic diseases and poses serious health threats to the world population. We aim to study the relationship between air pollution and all-cause mortality in the context of a city-state exposed to the Southeast Asian haze problem. The primary exposure was ambient air pollution, as measured by the Pollutants Standards Index (PSI). The outcome of interest was all-cause mortality from 2010–2015. A time-stratified case-crossover design was performed. A conditional Poisson regression model, including environmental variables such as PSI, temperature, wind speed, and rainfall, was fitted to the daily count of deaths to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of mortality per unit increase in PSI, accounting for overdispersion and autocorrelation. To account for intermediate exposure effects (maximum lag of 10 days), a distributed lag non-linear model was used. There were 105,504 deaths during the study period. Increment in PSI was significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality. The adjusted IRR of mortality per the 10-unit increase in PSI was 1.01 (95%CI = 1.00–1.01). The lag effect was stronger when PSI was in the unhealthy range compared to the good and moderate ranges. At lag = 7 days, PSI appeared to have an adverse effect on mortality, although the effect was not significant. These findings provide evidence on the general health hazard of exposure to air pollution and can potentially guide public health policies in the region.

scholarly journals Using metal ratios to detect emissions from municipal waste incinerators in ambient air pollution data

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Font ◽  
Kees de Hoogh ◽  
Maria Leal-Sanchez ◽  
Danielle C. Ashworth ◽  
Richard J.C. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Waste Incinerators ◽  
Metal Ratios

scholarly journals Determining the PM10 and PM2.5 Concentrations in Prayagraj City due to Solid Waste Burning using AERMOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2840-2845
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Urban Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Waste Burning

Abstract: Open burning of municipal solid waste (MSW) is a poorly-characterized and frequently-underestimated source of air pollution in developing countries. This paper estimates the air pollution happening from MSW burning in municipality areas of the Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. Air quality models (AQMs) are critical components for urban air quality management because they can predict and forecast air pollutant concentrations. Advanced AQM, such as AERMOD, has a well-established application in the developed world provided sufficient input data is available. However, in poor countries, it is limited due to a lack of adequate and trustworthy data. The present study is focused to assess the urban air quality due to municipal solid waste burning around a Sangam city Prayagraj in India using dispersion modelling. Keywords: PM10, PM2.5, Air Quality Modelling, AERMOD

scholarly journals Incense Stick: An Overlooked Source of Health Hazard

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (230) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oshan Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Extensive Practice

Nepal, predominantly inhabited by people driven by the principles of Hinduism and Buddhism, has seen the practice of burning incense sticks for a very long time. There has been an extensive practice of burning incense sticks in temples, monasteries, and even regularly in indoor household settings. This article puts light on the constituents of smoke coming from a burning incense stick and on the possible risks, they possess for occupational hazards and indoor air pollution.

scholarly journals Emission factors for PM<sub>10</sub> and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from illegal burning of different types of municipal waste in households

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 16135-16144
Author(s):  
András Hoffer ◽  
Beatrix Jancsek-Turóczi ◽  
Ádám Tóth ◽  
Gyula Kiss ◽  
Anca Naghiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Waste Burning

Abstract. It is a common practice in developing countries and in some regions of Europe that solid wastes generated in households (e.g. plastic beverage packaging and other plastic wastes, textile wastes, fibreboards, furniture, tyres, and coloured-paper waste) are burned in wood- or coal-fired stoves during the winter months. In Europe, the types and volume of municipal waste burned in households is virtually unknown because these activities are illegal and not recorded, with the exception of a few media reports or court cases. Even though particulate emissions from illegal waste burning pose a significant hazard to human health due to the combination of excessive emission factors (EFs) and uncontrolled chemical composition, there is scarce information on the specific EFs for PM10 and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the scientific literature. In this work, controlled combustion tests were performed with 12 different types of municipal solid waste, and particulate emissions were measured and collected for chemical analysis. Absolute EFs for PM10 and PAHs as well as the benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) toxicity equivalent of the latter are reported for the first time for the indoor combustion of 12 common types of municipal solid waste that are frequently burned in households worldwide. It was found that the PM10 emission factors from the combustion of wood-based waste samples were about twice that of firewood, whereas EFs in the range of 11–82 mg g−1 (a factor of 5–40 times higher than that of dry firewood under the same conditions) were obtained for different types of plastic waste. The latter were also found to emit exceptionally high quantities of PAHs, by a factor of 50–750 more than upon the combustion of dry firewood under the same conditions. Since the more toxic 4–6 ring PAHs were predominant in the particulate emission from plastic waste burning, BaP equivalent toxicity was up to 4100 times higher than that from wood combustion.

scholarly journals Capabilities and Gaps Assessments of Urban Air Quality Manage-ment in Uganda

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Amin Tamale Kiggundu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Urban Air Quality ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Vehicle Inspection ◽  
National Environment ◽  
Waste Burning

Today, large cities across the globe are facing a pervasive problem of air pollution.  The purpose of this study is to assess the capabilities and gaps in urban air quality management in Uganda as well as proposing strategies for curbing air pollution. This study applied face to face interviews, targeting key informants such as the environmental experts, urbanization researchers and officials from the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA). Results show that rapid motorization, continued dependence on fossil fuels, open waste burning, biomass burning, industrialization, bushfires and urbanization are the key causes of air pollution in Uganda. To reduce air pollution and improve urban air quality it is critical to promote non-motorised mass transport, increase electricity access, regulate open waste burning, establish laboratories, strengthen local research and training capacity, promote collaborations, introduce more fuel efficient vehicles and periodic vehicle inspection and carry out public awareness campaigns about air pollution.

scholarly journals Air Pollution-Induced Autonomic Modulation

Physiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Taylor-Clark
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cardiopulmonary System

Air pollutants pose a serious worldwide health hazard, causing respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Pollutants perturb the autonomic nervous system, whose function is critical to cardiopulmonary homeostasis. Recent studies suggest that pollutants can stimulate defensive sensory nerves within the cardiopulmonary system, thus providing a possible mechanism for pollutant-induced autonomic dysfunction. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved would likely improve the management and treatment of pollution-related disease.

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