Expatiating the impact of anthropogenic aspects and climatic factors on long-term soil monitoring and management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Bungau ◽  
Tapan Behl ◽  
Lotfi Aleya ◽  
Pascale Bourgeade ◽  
Badr Aloui-Sossé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Soil Monitoring ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Improving the reliability of cable lines operation in hot climates

2020 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 01151
Author(s):  
Daniyar Bakhtiyarovich Madrakhimov ◽  
Vera Pavlovna Ivanova ◽  
Victoria Vyacheslavovna Tsypkina
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Hot Climate ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Cable Lines ◽  
The Impact

Reliability of cable lines in hot climate is determined by the climatic characteristics of cables and wires, which include: long-term and short-term heat resistance, cold resistance, moisture resistance, resistance to cyclic exposure to temperatures and solar radiation, ozone resistance, etc. This article considers the main impacts of environmental factors: high temperatures, solar radiation, which, as practice shows, lead to irreversible deterioration of the electrical and mechanical properties of cable products. The result of climatic impacts in the Central Asian region, in hot climate conditions, is the aging of both insulation and protective coverings, which leads to irreversible change in the mechanical and electrical properties of the used polymers due to the loss of elasticity of the extruded material and its subsequent cracking, turning into cracks. The assessment of the possibility of long-term operation of the used polymer was carried out according to the polyethylene oxidation period, which determines the time of natural preservation of various types of cables during the period of their operation. The research was carried out on samples of cables stored under a canopy in wooden boxes, protected from sunlight and precipitation, by measuring criterion parameters with strict compliance with the established norms. Thus, the proposed solution for increasing the reliability of cable lines consists of debugging the technological process of applying insulation and sheathing, in which the extrusion of the polymer mass is carried out by technique that minimizes the ingress of contamination. Review of the results showed that extrusion line improvement would provide possibility of increasing reliability in the operation of cable products under the impact of climatic factors of the Central Asian region due to the reduced aging of insulation.

scholarly journals The impact of road maintenance and construction on roadside vegetation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (225) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Sudnik ◽  
◽  
Irina Voznyachuk
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Roadside Vegetation ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
Term Monitoring

The article provides data on the results of long-term monitoring of the state of vegetation along the main highways of Belarus, caused by environmental pollution in roadside strips with deicing reagents based on sodium chloride in winter in combination with a set of other negative factors (exhaust gases from mobile sources of pollution, changes in environmental conditions, extreme manifestations of weather and climatic factors).

scholarly journals The impact of climatic factors on the relative chlorophyll content and yield of a maize hybrid in a long-term experiment

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Éva Horváth ◽  
Péter Fejér ◽  
Adrienn Széles
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Relative Chlorophyll Content

The impact of the climatic factors of crop year on the relative chlorophyll content of maize was examined for three years. The examinations were carried out on the Látókép Experiment Site of the University of Debrecen on calcareous chernozem soil in a small-plot, non-irrigated long-term field experiment with strip plot design. In addition to a non-fertilised (control) treatment, nitrogen (N) fertiliser doses were applied as base and top dressing. The 60 and 120 kg N ha-1 base dressing doses were followed by two top dressing doses at the V6 and V12 phenophases. Averaged over the different fertiliser treatments, SPAD readings increased in all three years as the growing season progressed. The highes SPAD value increase was observed in the average crop year (2017) at the V12 phenophase (11.8), which further increased at the R1 phenophas, by 3,7. No significant Spad value difference was observed between the average (2017) and the dry year (2018) at the V6 growth phase. However, in the wet crop year (2016), the V690 treatment provided the statistically highest relative chlorophyll content (46.8). At the V12 phenophase, the base dressing dose of 120 kg N ha-1+30 kg N ha-1 (V6150) showed to be successful in two years (2016 and 2018), while in 2017, the base dressing dose of A60 was successful. The impact of crop year on relative chlorophyll content can be clearly shown at the R1 growth stage. In all three years, the significantly highest relative chlorophyll content could be achieved at different nutrient levels: A60 in 2016, V6150 in 2017 and V690. In a wet year (2016), higher yield could be achieved as a result of the 60 kg N ha-1 base dressing and 30 kg N ha-1 at the V6 growth stage (V690) as top dressing in comparison with 2017 and 2018, when higher fertiliser dose (120 kg N ha-1 base dressing and 30 kg N ha-1top dressing at the V6 growth stage) was needed to achieve a significant yield surplus. Altogether, averaged over the different treatments, the highest yield (12.48 t ha-1) was observed in the wet year, when the relative chlorophyll content was also the highest (50.6).

Soil physical property changes at the North American Long-Term Soil Productivity study sites: 1 and 5 years after compaction

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah S Page-Dumroese ◽  
Martin F Jurgensen ◽  
Allan E Tiarks ◽  
Felix Ponder, Jr. ◽  
Felipe G Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
North American ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Soil Monitoring ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

The impact of forest management operations on soil physical properties is important to understand, since management can significantly change site productivity by altering root growth potential, water infiltration and soil erosion, and water and nutrient availability. We studied soil bulk density and strength changes as indicators of soil compaction before harvesting and 1 and 5 years after harvest and site treatment on 12 of the North American Long-Term Soil Productivity sites. Severe soil compaction treatments approached root-limiting bulk densities for each soil texture, while moderate compaction levels were between severe and preharvest values. Immediately after harvesting, soil bulk density on the severely compacted plots ranged from 1% less than to 58% higher than preharvest levels across all sites. Soil compaction increases were noticeable to a depth of 30 cm. After 5 years, bulk density recovery on coarse-textured soils was evident in the surface (0–10 cm) soil, but recovery was less in the subsoil (10–30 cm depth); fine-textured soils exhibited little recovery. When measured as a percentage, initial bulk density increases were greater on fine-textured soils than on coarser-textured soils and were mainly due to higher initial bulk density values in coarse-textured soils. Development of soil monitoring methods applicable to all soil types may not be appropriate, and more site-specific techniques may be needed for soil monitoring after disturbance.

The impact of climatic factors and host density on the long-term population dynamics of vole helminths

Oecologia ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Voitto Haukisalmi ◽  
Heikki Henttonen
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Host Density ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Methodology for assessing the impact of institute on sustainable economic growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 06014
Author(s):  
Evgenia Zakharova ◽  
Elena Zemtsova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
Econometric Methods ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents an overview of methodological approaches to the study of the influence of institutions on macroeconomic indicators characterizing long-term economic growth, although other indicators that are influenced by institutions can be identified: economic growth rate, GDP per capita, saving rate, and total factor productivity. The article analyzes the research of leading scientists conducted within the framework of the institutional theory that explains global inequality and some of its features. In addition to the institutional theory, two more theories compete to explain the causes of global inequality: geographical theory and the theory of cultural influence. Both of these theories are unpromising from the point of view of practical applicability, since geographical, climatic factors, cultural characteristics are not subject to the influence of economic policy within reasonable time limits. Institutional theory explains the inequality of countries by differences in their formal legal and informal social norms that govern the behavior of individuals and structure social interactions. The growing volume of empirical work of this kind has shown that institutions should be considered in the context of alternative approaches (culture and social capital, human capital), alternative econometric methods and alternative strategies for identifying the influence of institutions on macroeconomic indicators (long-term economic growth).

scholarly journals Climate windows of opportunity for plant expansion during the Phanerozoic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushboo Gurung ◽  
Katie Field ◽  
Sarah Batterman ◽  
Yves Godderis ◽  
Yannick Donnadieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Windows Of Opportunity ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Plant Expansion ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Plants are likely to have had a profound influence on Earth’s long-term climate through their role in drawing down CO2 and emitting O2 into the atmosphere and their interactions with soils and minerals. Local climatic factors, including water availability, light, and temperature, play a key role in plant physiology and growth and have fluctuated substantially over geological time. However, the impact of these key climate variables on global plant biomass across the Phanerozoic have not yet been established.

Suppressed, but Not Forgotten

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beat Meier ◽  
Anja König ◽  
Samuel Parak ◽  
Katharina Henke
Keyword(s):  
Memory Trace ◽  
Thought Suppression ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Indirect Test ◽  
Final Test ◽  
Test Experiment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cue Words ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of thought suppression over a 1-week interval. In two experiments with 80 university students each, we used the think/no-think paradigm in which participants initially learn a list of word pairs (cue-target associations). Then they were presented with some of the cue words again and should either respond with the target word or avoid thinking about it. In the final test phase, their memory for the initially learned cue-target pairs was tested. In Experiment 1, type of memory test was manipulated (i.e., direct vs. indirect). In Experiment 2, type of no-think instructions was manipulated (i.e., suppress vs. substitute). Overall, our results showed poorer memory for no-think and control items compared to think items across all experiments and conditions. Critically, however, more no-think than control items were remembered after the 1-week interval in the direct, but not in the indirect test (Experiment 1) and with thought suppression, but not thought substitution instructions (Experiment 2). We suggest that during thought suppression a brief reactivation of the learned association may lead to reconsolidation of the memory trace and hence to better retrieval of suppressed than control items in the long term.

Examining the Impact of the Disabled Youth Peer Development Initiative: What are the Long-Term Outcomes?

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Garate-Serafini ◽  
Jose Mendez ◽  
Patty Arriaga ◽  
Larry Labiak ◽  
Carol Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
The Impact
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