scholarly journals Reclaimed water driven lettuce cultivation in a hydroponic system: the need of micropollutant removal by advanced wastewater treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kreuzig ◽  
Jaqueline Haller-Jans ◽  
Cornelia Bischoff ◽  
Johannes Leppin ◽  
Jörn Germer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Advanced Wastewater Treatment

AbstractFor a novel approach of resource-efficient water reuse, a municipal wastewater treatment plant was extended at pilot scale for advanced wastewater treatment, i.e., ozonation and biological activated carbon filtration, and a hydroponic system for reclaimed water driven lettuce cultivation. The treatment specific wastewater lines with the corresponding lettuce plants, differentiated into roots and shoots, were monitored for priority wastewater micropollutants, i.e., acesulfame (sweetener), caffeine (stimulant), carbamazepine, diclofenac, ibuprofen, sulfamethoxazole with acetyl-sulfamethoxazole (human pharmaceuticals), 1H-benzotriazole, and 4/5-methylbenzotriazole (industrial chemicals). As clearly demonstrated, conventional tertiary treatment could not efficiently clean up wastewater. Removal efficiencies ranged from 3% for carbamazepine to 100% for ibuprofen. The resulting pollution of the hydroponic water lines led to the accumulation of acesulfame, carbamazepine, and diclofenac in lettuce root systems at 32.0, 69.5, and 135 μg kg−1 and in the uptake of acesulfame and carbamazepine into lettuce shoots at 23.4 and 120 μg kg−1 dry weight, respectively. In contrast, both advanced treatment technologies when operating under optimized conditions achieved removal efficiencies of > 90% also for persistent micropollutants. Minimizing the pollution of reclaimed water thus met one relevant need for hydroponic lettuce cultivation. Graphical abstract

Study on Gravel-Less Perforated Pipe Leach Fields under Different Substrate

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2006-2010
Author(s):  
Zhi Shuai Wang ◽  
Cheng Duan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Removal Mechanism ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Experimental Equipment ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Perforated Pipe

With hydraulic loading of 3.3cm/d, five kinds of Gravel-less perforated pipe leach field’s experimental equipment (GPPLF) filled with soil or river sand to treat rural sewage were discussed. The results indicated that the optimal combination's average removal efficiencies of COD, turbidity, TP, NH3-N, and TN were 82.4%, 94.2%, 74.1%, 98.4%, 55.1% respectively. And average effluent COD, turbidity, TP, NH3-N, and TN were 17.3 mg/L, 3.9 NTU, 0.55 mg/L, 0.36 mg/L, 12.1 mg/L correspondingly. They could reach the requirement of the first degree discharge standards in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002). And contrasted with conventional perforated pipe leach fields, the removal efficiencies of COD, turbidity, TP, NH3-N, and TN were increased 1.4%, 5.1%, 22.1%, 61.8%, 15.1% accordingly. The removal mechanism analysis of NH3-N and TN revealed that the low C/N ratio was probably the most important factor for the low removal of TN.

Treatment of High Salinity Wastewater Using an Intermittently Aerated Membrane Bioreactor

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 1033-1036
Author(s):  
Kang Xie ◽  
Jing Song ◽  
Si Qing Xia ◽  
Li Ping Qiu ◽  
Jia Bin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Salinity Wastewater

In this study, high salinity wastewater was treated by an intermittently aerated membrane bioreactor (IAMBR) and the salinity loadings were set at 35g/L. The activated sludge was inoculated from the municipal wastewater treatment plant. The influent salinity level gradually increased from 0 to 35 g/L with every 5 g/L. With the salt concentration increased to 35 g/L, the performance of IAMBR was significantly affected by higher salinity. The removal efficiencies of the total organic carbon (TOC), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and total nitrogen (TN) were about 83%, 70% and 51%, respectively. It is indicated that the domestication of activated sludge from municipal wastewater treatment cannot obtain a better performance at high salinity.

Influence of primary sedimentation on pre-denitrification system performances

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Esposito ◽  
C. Bastianutti ◽  
G. Bortone ◽  
F. Pirozzi ◽  
S. Sgroi
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Total N ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

The effects of suppressing primary sedimentation on nitrogen removal efficiency of a pre-denitrification system have been evaluated for a large municipal wastewater treatment plant. Simulations have been carried out using the STOAT model. For both the process schemes with and without primary sedimentation, nitrification efficiencies are calculated for increasing influent loads of COD, total N and suspended solids. The sensitivity analysis shows that for the usual carbon to nitrogen ratios in the raw influent both the process schemes allow the requested removal efficiencies, whereas for significantly high C/N ratios the scheme with primary sedimentation is preferable.

Experience from 10 Years Advanced Wastewater Treatment – Technology and Results

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
C Forsberg ◽  
B Hawerman ◽  
B Hultman
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Operational Modes ◽  
Polluted Waters

Experience from advanced municipal wastewater treatment plants and recovery of polluted waters are described for the last ten years in Sweden. Except in municipalities with large recipients, the urban population is served by treatment plants with combined biological and chemical treatment. Most of these plants are post-precipitation plants. Several modified operational modes have been developed in order to improve the removal efficiencies of pollutants and to reduce the costs. Results are presented on the recovery of specially investigated lakes with a lowered supply of total phosphorus and organic matter.

WASTEWATER DISINFECTION BY UV AT TRANI MUNICIPAL PLANT

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Carnimeo ◽  
E. Contini ◽  
R. Di Marino ◽  
F. Donadio ◽  
L. Liberti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
South Italy ◽  
Wastewater Disinfection ◽  
Pilot Investigation ◽  
Effluent Characteristics

The pilot investigation on the use of UV as an alternative disinfectant to NaOCI was started in 1992 at Trani (South Italy) municipal wastewater treatment plant (335 m3/h). The results collected after six months continuous operation enabled us to compare UV and NaOCl disinfection effectiveness on the basis of secondary effluent characteristics, quantify photoreactivation effects, evidence possible DBP formation and assess costs.

Performance of hybrid small wastewater treatment system consisting of jet mixed separator and rotating biological contactor

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimasa Watanabe ◽  
Yoshihiko Iwasaki
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment System ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Organic Particles

This paper describes a pilot plant study on the performance of a hybrid small municipal wastewater treatment system consisting of a jet mixed separator(JMS) and upgraded RBC. The JMS was used as a pre-treatment of the RBC instead of the primary clarifier. The treatment capacity of the system was fixed at 100 m3/d, corresponding to the hydraulic loading to the RBC of 117 L/m2/d. The effluent from the grid chamber at a municipal wastewater treatment plant was fed into the hybrid system. The RBC was operated using the electric power produced by a solar electric generation panel with a surface area of 8 m2 under enough sunlight. In order to reduce the organic loading to the RBC, polyaluminium chloride(PAC) was added to the JMS influent to remove the colloidal and suspended organic particles. At the operational condition where the A1 dosage and hydraulic retention time of the JMS were fixed at 5 g/m3 and 45 min., respectively, the average effluent water quality of hybrid system was as follows: TOC=8 g/m3, Total BOD=8 g/m3, SS=8 g/m3, Turbidity=6 TU, NH4-N=7 g/m3, T-P=0.5 g/m3. In this operating condition, electric power consumption of the RBC for treating unit volume of wastewater is only 0.07 KWH/m3.

scholarly journals Assessment of Microplastics in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant with Tertiary Treatment: Removal Efficiencies and Loading per Day into the Environment

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Javier Bayo ◽  
Sonia Olmos ◽  
Joaquín López-Castellanos
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Wastewater Samples

This study investigates the removal of microplastics from wastewater in an urban wastewater treatment plant located in Southeast Spain, including an oxidation ditch, rapid sand filtration, and ultraviolet disinfection. A total of 146.73 L of wastewater samples from influent and effluent were processed, following a density separation methodology, visual classification under a stereomicroscope, and FTIR analysis for polymer identification. Microplastics proved to be 72.41% of total microparticles collected, with a global removal rate of 64.26% after the tertiary treatment and within the average retention for European WWTPs. Three different shapes were identified: i.e., microfiber (79.65%), film (11.26%), and fragment (9.09%), without the identification of microbeads despite the proximity to a plastic compounding factory. Fibers were less efficiently removed (56.16%) than particulate microplastics (90.03%), suggesting that tertiary treatments clearly discriminate between forms, and reporting a daily emission of 1.6 × 107 microplastics to the environment. Year variability in microplastic burden was cushioned at the effluent, reporting a stable performance of the sewage plant. Eight different polymer families were identified, LDPE film being the most abundant form, with 10 different colors and sizes mainly between 1–2 mm. Future efforts should be dedicated to source control, plastic waste management, improvement of legislation, and specific microplastic-targeted treatment units, especially for microfiber removal.

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