scholarly journals Geographic modeling and simulation systems for geographic research in the new era: Some thoughts on their development and construction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Chen ◽  
Guonian Lv ◽  
Chenghu Zhou ◽  
Hui Lin ◽  
Zaiyang Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
Modeling Processes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
New Era ◽  
Important Method ◽  
Functional Realization ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Geographic Modeling ◽  
Simulation Systems

AbstractRegionality, comprehensiveness, and complexity are regarded as the basic characteristics of geography. The exploration of their core connotations is an essential way to achieve breakthroughs in geography in the new era. This paper focuses on the important method in geographic research: Geographic modeling and simulation. First, we clarify the research requirements of the said three characteristics of geography and its potential to address geo-problems in the new era. Then, the supporting capabilities of the existing geographic modeling and simulation systems for geographic research are summarized from three perspectives: Model resources, modeling processes, and operational architecture. Finally, we discern avenues for future research of geographic modeling and simulation systems for the study of regional, comprehensive and complex characteristics of geography. Based on these analyses, we propose implementation architecture of geographic modeling and simulation systems and discuss the module composition and functional realization, which could provide theoretical and technical support for geographic modeling and simulation systems to better serve the development of geography in the new era.

Old-growth forest reserves in Slovenia: the past, present, and future

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (6) ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Nagel ◽  
Jurij Diaci ◽  
Dusan Rozenbergar ◽  
Tihomir Rugani ◽  
Dejan Firm
Keyword(s):  
Stand Structure ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
The Past ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Basic Characteristics

Old-growth forest reserves in Slovenia: the past, present, and future Slovenia has a small number of old-growth forest remnants, as well as many forest reserves approaching old-growth conditions. In this paper, we describe some of the basic characteristics of these old-growth remnants and the history of their protection in Slovenia. We then trace the long-term development of research in these old-growth remnants, with a focus on methodological changes. We also review some of the recent findings from old-growth research in Slovenia and discuss future research needs. The conceptual understanding of how these forests work has slowly evolved, from thinking of them in terms of stable systems to more dynamic and unpredictable ones due to the influence of natural disturbances and indirect human influences. In accordance with this thinking, the methods used to study old-growth forests have changed from descriptions of stand structure to studies that address natural processes and ecosystem functions.

scholarly journals Investigation into Hand Scraping: A Microanalysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Oßwald ◽  
Ingo Lochmahr ◽  
Yasin Bagci ◽  
Peter Saile
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Measurement Unit ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tool Orientation ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
Basic Characteristics

Hand scraping is a manual surface finishing process that, despite its low productivity and high cost, is still applied in many industries because of its advantages concerning accuracy and tribology. In the presented microanalysis forces, movement patterns and tool orientation of individual hand scraping strokes were measured using a test stand, specifically designed for this purpose. It utilizes a camera, a three dimensional dynamometer, and an inertial measurement unit (IMU). The results show the basic characteristics of hand scraping. Typical courses of relevant quantities like cutting force, passive force, clearance, and directional angle are shown. In addition, the movement pattern of the tool during individual scraping strokes is analyzed. This research aims to contribute to a later implementation of automated scraping. The conducted research creates a base for future research regarding different scraping methods and achieved results.

Looking Beyond the Screen: A Critical Review of the Literature on the Online Child Pornography Offender

Sexual Abuse ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 416-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Henshaw ◽  
James R. P. Ogloff ◽  
Jonathan A. Clough
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Sexual Offender ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Affective Domains

This article reviews the current literature pertaining to those who engage in child pornography offending. The basic characteristics of online child pornography offenders (CPOs) and related typologies are briefly presented prior to reviewing the comparative literature pertaining to CPOs and child contact sexual offenders. In general, CPOs have been found to be relatively high functioning and generally pro-social individuals with less extensive and diverse offending histories than contact offenders. CPOs also display high levels of sexual pre-occupation, deviant sexual interests, and deficits in interpersonal and affective domains that surpass those of contact offenders. Although further research is required to replicate and clarify preliminary findings, the available evidence indicates that existing sexual offender risk assessment tools and treatment programs are not suitable for use with CPOs, and thus require revision and empirical evaluation prior to widespread use among this population. The article concludes with implications for clinical practice and directions for future research.

Research on financial innovations: an interdisciplinary review

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad G. Nejad
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Breeding Ground ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Era ◽  
Financial Innovations

PurposeThe financial industry offers a unique setting to study innovations. Financial innovations have fueled the growth of economies, markets and societies. The financial industry has successfully become the breeding ground for innovative services, processes, business models and technologies. This study seeks to provide a holistic view of the literature on financial innovations, synthesize the research findings and offer future directions for research in light of three market developments that are disrupting the industry and opening up a new era for the financial services industry. Disruptions from within and outside the industry offer new generations of radically innovative services. Moreover, new generations of consumers differ from previous generations in their needs and wants and look for innovative ways to handle their financial needs. Finally, significant developments related to financial innovations have emerged in Asia and developing countries.Design/methodology/approachThis study systematically reviews the academic research literature on financial innovations in two phases. The first phase provides a quantitative review of 546 journal articles published between 1990 and 2018. In the second phase, the study synthesizes the extant research on financial innovations and maps them in five research areas: firms' introduction and adoption of FIs, financial innovation development, the outcomes of financial innovations, regulations and intellectual property, and consumers.FindingsThe analysis found that disciplines differ with regard to the employed research methodologies, the units of analysis, sources of data and the innovations they examined. A positive trend in the number of published articles during this period is observed. However, studies have primarily focused on the USA and Europe and less so on other parts of the world. The literature synthesis further identifies research gaps in the available research that highlight future research opportunities in light of the three market disruptions. The financial services industry is on the brink of a new era due to disruptions from within and outside the industry and the entrance of new generations of consumers. Moreover, the financial industry has successfully become the breeding ground for innovative services, processes and business models. Therefore, financial innovations offer promising opportunities for bridging the gap between research on product and service innovations.Research limitations/implicationsThe work provides a holistic and systematic overview of extant research on financial innovations and highlights future research opportunities in light of the three disruptive market developments. It helps researchers take advantage of the opportunities in studying financial innovations while maintaining industry relevance.Originality/valueThe study is the first to review and synthesize the academic research literature on financial innovations across marketing, finance and innovation disciplines. In addition, the study highlights three primary disruptive forces in the financial industry and identifies future research directions in light of these disruptive forces.

CyberAIMs: a tool for teaching adversarial and systems thinking

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erjon Zoto ◽  
Stewart Kowalski ◽  
Christopher Frantz ◽  
Basel Katt ◽  
Edgar Lopez-Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Educational Tool ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Distribution Of Values

"CyberAIMs stands for Cyber Agents’ Interactive Modeling and Simulation. We designed this tool in order to use it as an educational tool to teach Master students in a Cyber security course. This paper aims to describe the model and explain the design choices behind CyberAIMs in terms of associating them with the emerging concepts within cyber security curriculum, namely adversarial and systems thinking. The preliminary results indicate that the current distribution of values and entities allows most of the defense agents to avoid losing all their resources to their attack counterparts. We intend to use this tool as part of a lab with students in Information Security and further extend our target users, by including others who need training in adversarial and systems thinking. We conclude by providing rough results from running simulations with the tool and giving further directions of our future research, in order to improve the usability and level of detail for this tool."

Does Second Life Mark the Beginning of a New Era of Online Shopping?

2011 ◽  
pp. 232-247
Author(s):  
Jang Ho Moon ◽  
Yongjun Sung ◽  
S. Marina Choi
Keyword(s):  
Social Presence ◽  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
New Era ◽  
Shopping Experience

In this chapter, the authors explore the unique social dimension of shopping in virtual worlds, namely Second Life, by examining the role of avatar-based interactions in determining consumer shopping experience. To this end, an overview of Second Life, and other similar virtual worlds, is provided. This chapter then introduces the concept of social presence and offers a conceptual discussion of how avatar-based shopping in virtual environments is distinctive from shopping in other Web environments. Next, the authors present the preliminary findings of the ongoing research study investigating how consumers’ interactions with salespersons and peer consumers via avatars influence their shopping experience in Second Life. This chapter concludes with a future prospect of virtual worlds and directions for future research.

A STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEW OF NEURAL NETWORKS FOR PERMEABILITY PREDICTION

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Bruce ◽  
P.M. Wong ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
H.A. Salisch ◽  
C.C. Fung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
New Era ◽  
Multiple Networks ◽  
Permeability Prediction ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of neural networks for permeability prediction from well logs. Good prediction of permeability is necessary for reservoir characterisation and is important for improving the reliability of the asset value of oil and gas companies. Two particular models, known as backpropagation and radial basis function networks, have been applied. From previous work, six innovative aspects are identified:choice of inputs;outlier detection and removal;data splitting;scaling;multiple networks; andprediction confidence.We have also provided a list of future research directions in the area, reflecting the current deficiencies of the use of neural networks. The topics are:the quality and quantity of core data;the maximum use of the logs;the compatibility of scales;the use of soft computing; andthe management of prediction confidence.The current applications are certainly the beginning of a new era. It is important for petrophysicists to take advantage of the advanced technologies.

scholarly journals From Manual to Intelligent: A Review of Input Data Preparation Methods for Geographic Modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Wei Hou ◽  
Cheng-Zhi Qin ◽  
A-Xing Zhu ◽  
Peng Liang ◽  
Yi-Jie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Composition ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Representation And Reasoning ◽  
Data Preparation ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Construction Of Knowledge ◽  
Task Oriented ◽  
Geographic Modeling

One of the key concerns in geographic modeling is the preparation of input data that are sufficient and appropriate for models. This requires considerable time, effort, and expertise since geographic models and their application contexts are complex and diverse. Moreover, both data and data pre-processing tools are multi-source, heterogeneous, and sometimes unavailable for a specific application context. The traditional method of manually preparing input data cannot effectively support geographic modeling, especially for complex integrated models and non-expert users. Therefore, effective methods are urgently needed that are not only able to prepare appropriate input data for models but are also easy to use. In this review paper, we first analyze the factors that influence data preparation and discuss the three corresponding key tasks that should be accomplished when developing input data preparation methods for geographic models. Then, existing input data preparation methods for geographic models are discussed through classifying into three categories: manual, (semi-)automatic, and intelligent (i.e., not only (semi-)automatic but also adaptive to application context) methods. Supported by the adoption of knowledge representation and reasoning techniques, the state-of-the-art methods in this field point to intelligent input data preparation for geographic models, which includes knowledge-supported discovery and chaining of data pre-processing functionalities, knowledge-driven (semi-)automatic workflow building (or service composition in the context of geographic web services) of data preprocessing, and artificial intelligent planning-based service composition as well as their parameter-settings. Lastly, we discuss the challenges and future research directions from the following aspects: Sharing and reusing of model data and workflows, integration of data discovery and processing functionalities, task-oriented input data preparation methods, and construction of knowledge bases for geographic modeling, all assisting with the development of an easy-to-use geographic modeling environment with intelligent input data preparation.

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