Changes in liver perfusion and function before and after percutaneous occlusion of spontaneous portosystemic shunt

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 366-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasukazu Kako ◽  
Koichiro Yamakado ◽  
Wataru Jomoto ◽  
Toshiya Nasada ◽  
Koichiro Asada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Perfusion ◽  
Portosystemic Shunt ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Function

EFEITOS DO DEEP RUNNING SOBRE A AMPLITUDE DE MOVIMENTO E A CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL DOS MEMBROS SUPERIORES DE MULHERES MASTECTOMIZADAS: RELATO DE CASOS

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-131
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
And Function

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women in Brazil and in the worl. The surgical treatment procedure may cause severe morbidity in the upper limb homolateral to surgery, including the reduction of the range of motion, with consequent impairment of function. A physiotherapeutic approach has an important role in the recover range of motion and the functionality of these women, guaranteeing the occupational, domestestic, familiar and conjugated activities, and, in this way, also improving the quality of life. Objectives: To analyse chances in the shoulder's range of motion and the functional capacity of the upper limbs, promoted by the deep running procedure in women with late postoperative mastectomy. Methods: All the patients were submitted to an evaluation in the beginning and end of the treatment, including: goniometry of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal and external rotation of the shoulder joint; and function capacity analysis in activities that involve the upper members by DASH questionnaire. The treatment protocol includes twelve sessions of deep running, realized twice a week, in deep pool, for 20-minute during six weeks. Results: Were submitted to treatment a total of 4 patients. Despite the improvement in the numerical values, statistically significant differences were not found on the range of movements and in the functional capacity of upper members before and after the deep running sessions in post-mastectomy women. Conclusion: Deep running had effects on the numerical values of range of movement and upper limb functionality in women in the late postoperative period of the mastectomy procedure, but without statistically significant differences.

scholarly journals Are Three Weeks of Oral Anticoagulation Sufficient for Safe Cardioversion in Atrial Fibrillation?

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 554
Author(s):  
Stefan Naydenov ◽  
Nikolay Runev ◽  
Emil Manov
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Oral Anticoagulation ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
Baseline Factors ◽  
And Function

Background and Objectives: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), lasting >48 h, considered for cardioversion, are recommended ≥3 weeks of oral anticoagulation before sinus rhythm restoration because of high risk of development of left atrial thrombosis (LAT) and stroke. However, the optimal duration of anticoagulation in the presence of overt LAT is unknown. Materials and Methods: An open-label study aimed to investigate the prevalence of spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) and LAT before and after 3 weeks of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) treatment. We included 51 consecutive patients (50.9% males), mean age 69.3 ± 7.4 years with paroxysmal/unknown duration of AF, considered for cardioversion, who agreed to have transesophageal echocardiography at enrollment and 3 weeks later. Results: At baseline SEC was present in 26 (50.9%) and LAT in 10 (19.6%) of 51 patients. After 3 weeks on DOAC, SEC persisted in 12 (25.0%) and LAT in 7 (14.5%) of 48 patients, p < 0.05 vs. baseline. Factors, associated most strongly with persistence of SEC/LAT, were left atrial appendage (LAA) emptying velocity <20 cm/s (OR = 2.82), LAA lobes >2 (OR = 1.84), and indexed left atrial volume ≥34 mL/m2 (OR = 1.37). Conclusions: In our study the incidence of SEC/LAT, particularly in AF with unknown duration, was not as low as we expected. The prevalence of SEC/LAT seemed to be dependent on factors not routinely evaluated in AF patients planned for cardioversion (indexed LA volume, LAA morphology and number of lobules, LAA emptying velocity, etc.). Our data suggested an individualized approach for DOAC duration in AF patients before an attempt for restoration of sinus rhythm is made, taking into consideration the LAA morphology and function.

Abstract 17266: Right Atrial Volumes Changes in Tetralogy of Fallot

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Patel ◽  
Divya Shakti ◽  
Chad Blackshear
Keyword(s):  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
And Function ◽  
Averaged Model

Introduction & Hypothesis: There is limited information on right atrial (RA) function in the congenital heart defects. RA volume and function may give insight into the right ventricle (RV) diastolic function. We sought to assess RA function in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients prior to and after complete surgical repair. Methods: Infants with TOF prior to complete repair were included for retrospective chart review and offline analysis of 2-dimensional echocardiograms (echo) before and after surgical repair. RA phasic volumes and stroke volumes were calculated. All volumes were indexed to body surface area. Results: There were 40 infants with TOF (45% females), of which 70% had pulmonary stenosis, 30% pulmonary atresia. Roughly 85% and 60% had 3, or more, echo available pre- and postoperatively. Table 1 (attached) shows the patient characteristics and phasic RA volumes. The indexed RA phasic volumes were in normal range in initial echo prior to surgery. We used normal index RA phasic volumes published by European Society of Echocardiography. There was the increasing trend of indexed RA phasic volume on follow up echo immediately before TOF repair. These phasic volumes continued to remain elevated after complete surgical repair (Table 1). Trends in RA stroke volumes for all available echos before and after surgery were modeled using a population-averaged model with an exchangeable within-panel correlation structure (Figure 2), showing no statistically significant difference after surgery. But there was statistical significance noted in RA ejection fraction. Please see attached image for statistical analysis and results of the study. Conclusions: The indexed RA phasic volumes in children with TOF are normal initially and increases before TOF repair and it continued to increase after TOF repair. The increase RA phasic volumes suggest RV diastolic dysfunction similar to the findings of LA phasic volumes and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Our findings indicate slow worsening RV diastolic function in patients with TOF after surgical repair. RA volume and function can be the novel marker to diagnose and monitor right ventricular diastolic dysfunction.

The effects of Acute and Chronic β-Adrenoceptor Blockade on the Myofibrillar Contractile System in the Dog Heart

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Davies ◽  
P. Cummins ◽  
W. A. Littler
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Sensitivity ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Contractile System ◽  
Chronic Therapy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Adaptive Effect ◽  
Electrophoretic Techniques ◽  
Myocardial Contractile ◽  
And Function

1. Electrophoretic and enzyme techniques have been used to study the structure and function of the contractile protein system in the myocardium of dogs before and after β-adrenoceptor blockade. Animals were examined after acute β-adrenoceptor blockade by using intravenous atenolol (0.2 mg/kg) and following chronic therapy with oral atenolol (100 mg twice daily) for a mean period of 106 days. 2. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide-gel electrophoretic techniques were used to examine the myocardial contractile and regulatory proteins present in endomyocardial biopsy specimens obtained after acute and chronic β-adrenoceptor blockade. No differences in charge, molecular weight or the relative proportions of actin, myosin light chains, tropomyosin or troponin-C were seen after either acute or chronic β-adrenoceptor blockade. 3. The maximal activity and calcium sensitivity of the myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) was also unchanged after acute and chronic atenolol therapy. 4. It is concluded that β-adrenoceptor blockade has no significant adaptive effect on the structural or functional properties of the myofibril.

scholarly journals Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell (Lsec) Isolation Following a Liver Perfusion Technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahida Saharudin ◽  
Norlelawati A. Talib ◽  
Nor Zamzila Abdullah ◽  
Jamalludin Ab. Rahman ◽  
Zunariah Buyong
Keyword(s):  
Liver Perfusion ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Perfusion Technique ◽  
Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Isolation Technique ◽  
And Function

Introduction: Liver perfusion has been the standard method to digest and isolate liver cells including liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC). Poor cannulating skills through portal vein results in a waste of animal resource. Familiarization of both liver perfusion technique and adhering strictly to aseptic technique during cell handling ensure high cell yield, minimum morphology disruption and cell contamination. We aimed to present a method of liver perfusion procedure followed by the isolation of LSEC. Materials and method: The study was conducted with the approval of IACUC committee. Seven Sprague Dawley rats underwent these procedures under anaesthesia. Liver perfusion was done as previously described. Briefly, LSEC were isolated by liberase enzyme perfusion of the liver, isopycnic sedimentation in a two- step Percoll gradient and selective adherence. The purification and cultivation of LSEC was evaluated by light and electron microscopy. Results: Purity and viability of LSEC after selective adherence was 80.5 ± 3.5% and ≥ 95 %, respectively. The average concentration of the cells ranged from 32 - 75 x 106 per 400 gm rat. After 8 hours of culture, LSEC monolayers were contaminated with less than 5% of other cells. Conclusion: This method is reliable and reproducible for the isolation of LSEC to enable the study of structure and function of these cells in vitro. However, improvement on the perfusion skills and isolation technique are vital to ensure better cell purity.

scholarly journals The inherent mutational tolerance and antigenic evolvability of influenza hemagglutinin

eLife ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bargavi Thyagarajan ◽  
Jesse D Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza Hemagglutinin ◽  
Functional Variants ◽  
Viral Hemagglutinin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Amino Acid Mutations ◽  
And Function ◽  
Phylogenetic Models ◽  
Better Than

Influenza is notable for its evolutionary capacity to escape immunity targeting the viral hemagglutinin. We used deep mutational scanning to examine the extent to which a high inherent mutational tolerance contributes to this antigenic evolvability. We created mutant viruses that incorporate most of the ≈104 amino-acid mutations to hemagglutinin from A/WSN/1933 (H1N1) influenza. After passaging these viruses in tissue culture to select for functional variants, we used deep sequencing to quantify mutation frequencies before and after selection. These data enable us to infer the preference for each amino acid at each site in hemagglutinin. These inferences are consistent with existing knowledge about the protein's structure and function, and can be used to create a model that describes hemagglutinin's evolution far better than existing phylogenetic models. We show that hemagglutinin has a high inherent tolerance for mutations at antigenic sites, suggesting that this is one factor contributing to influenza's antigenic evolution.

scholarly journals The impact of microbubble-enhanced therapeutic ultrasound combined with prothrombin on microwave ablation in the rabbit liver.

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Ying Shi ◽  
Xinyue Liu ◽  
Zhenli Luo ◽  
Fen Gu ◽  
Jianguo He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Ablation ◽  
Liver Perfusion ◽  
Therapeutic Ultrasound ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Cell Ultrastructure ◽  
Rabbit Liver ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Pathologic Examination ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of microbubble-enhanced ultrasound (MEUS) combined with prothrombin on regional hepatic circulation and microwave ablation (MWA) in rabbit livers. Materials and methods: High-pressureamplitude therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) was used to treat 52 surgically exposed livers of healthy New Zealand rabbits: 13 livers were treated with MEUS alone, 13 with MEUS and prothrombin (PMEUS), 13 with ultrasound plus normal saline and 13 with ultrasound plus prothrombin as controls. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging was performed on the exposed livers before and after treatment, and acoustic quantification was done to assess liver perfusion. Then, the liver was divided into two parts, one was used for pathologic examination and the other was ablated with microwave (MWA) and then processedfor pathologic examination. Results: The CEUS images and Peak value after treatment in the PMEUS group were significantly reduced as compared to the remaining 3 groups (p<0.05). Occasional piecemeal hemorrhage was evidenced in the pathological examination in the MEUS group. Obvious cellular degeneration and necrosis with thrombosis were observed in the PMEUS group. Electron microscopy showed endothelial damage in both the MEUS group and PMEUS group. After MWA, coagulated volumes (V) in the PMEUS group were larger than in the remaining 3 groups (p<0.05). The cell ultrastructure disorder wasmore severe in the PMEUS group than in remaining 3 groups. Conclusion: PMEUS promotes endothelial injury and produces more obvious thrombotic occlusion, improving the therapeutic effect of MWA on the rabbit liver. 

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