Changes in soil organic carbon, nitrogen and sulphur along a slope gradient in apple orchard soils of Kashmir Himalaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2377-2387
Author(s):  
Javaid M. Dad ◽  
Lotfollah Abdollahi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Kashmir Himalaya ◽  
Slope Gradient ◽  
Orchard Soils

Effect of nitrogen fixing cover crops on fertility of apple (Malus domestica Borkh) orchard soils assessed in a chronosequence in North-West Himalaya of Kashmir valley, india

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Sofi ◽  
I. H. Dar ◽  
M. H. Chesti ◽  
I. A. Bisati ◽  
S. A. Mir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
North West ◽  
West Himalaya ◽  
Orchard Soils

The aim of this work was to study the effect of nitrogen fixing cover crops on soil organic carbon fractions and nutrient status in apple orchard soils in a chronosequence in north-west Himalaya of Kashmir, India. The experiment include six phases of chronosequence (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50) years under three landscapes. Soil of lower altitudes with no cover crop grown in the orchard floor, the mid altitude soils with berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) as a cover crop and in the higher altitudes with the alfalfa (Medicago sativa) grown as nitrogen fixing cover crop. There is a perceptible temperature difference across these landscapes. In addition to the apple yield and nutrients content, physical properties and soil organic fractions were investigated. Compared to the sites where no nitrogen fixing cover crops were grown there was 51% and 92% increase in the apple yield over other sites with inclusion of berseem and alfalfa. There was significant increase in yield up to 40 years and declined with advancement of stand age. Higher contents of all soil organic carbon pools were found in the higher altitudes with alfalfa grown as a cover crop in the orchard floor. Lower bulk densities were observed in the sites with cover crops grown in the apple orchard which might have synergistic role on nutrient cycling. There was significant increase of N, K, S, Mg, Fe and Mn and no discernible difference were observed for B, Cu, P and Zn. There was significant increase of the nutrients up to 40 years and afterwards significant drop was observed. Our result suggests that there was significant decrease of the nutrients from vertical soil depth of 0-90 cm.

scholarly journals Influence of Slope Gradient and Aspect on Soil Organic Carbon Content in the Region of Niš, Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8332
Author(s):  
Snežana Jakšić ◽  
Jordana Ninkov ◽  
Stanko Milić ◽  
Jovica Vasin ◽  
Milorad Živanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Slope Gradient ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Uncultivated Land

Topography-induced microclimate differences determine the local spatial variation of soil characteristics as topographic factors may play the most essential role in changing the climatic pattern. The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) with respect to the slope gradient and aspect, and to quantify their influence on SOC within different land use/cover classes. The study area is the Region of Niš in Serbia, which is characterized by complex topography with large variability in the spatial distribution of SOC. Soil samples at 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm were collected from different slope gradients and aspects in each of the three land use/cover classes. The results showed that the slope aspect significantly influenced the spatial distribution of SOC in the forest and vineyard soils, where N- and NW-facing soils had the highest level of organic carbon in the topsoil. There were no similar patterns in the uncultivated land. No significant differences were found in the subsoil. Organic carbon content was higher in the topsoil, regardless of the slope of the terrain. The mean SOC content in forest land decreased with increasing slope, but the difference was not statistically significant. In vineyards and uncultivated land, the SOC content was not predominantly determined by the slope gradient. No significant variations across slope gradients were found for all observed soil properties, except for available phosphorus and potassium. A positive correlation was observed between SOC and total nitrogen, clay, silt, and available phosphorus and potassium, while a negative correlation with coarse sand was detected. The slope aspect in relation to different land use/cover classes could provide an important reference for land management strategies in light of sustainable development.

scholarly journals Mechanism and Evolution of Soil Organic Carbon Coupling with Rocky Desertification in South China Karst

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Xingfu Wang ◽  
Xianfei Huang ◽  
Kangning Xiong ◽  
Jiwei Hu ◽  
Zhenming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Slope Position ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Slope Gradient ◽  
Rocky Desertification ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Karst Landforms

To study the spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) coupled with rocky desertification, 1212 soil samples from 152 soil profiles were sampled from different karst landforms, including karst low hills/virgin forest (KLH) in Libo County, a karst peak-cluster depression (KPCD) in Xingyi County, a karst canyon (KC) in Guanling County, a karst plateau basin (KPB) in Puding County and a karst trough valley (KTV) in Yinjiang County. The spatial distribution characteristics of the responses of SOC, SOC density (SOCD), rocky desertification and soil bulk density (SBD) to different influencing factors were analyzed. The relationships among SOC, SOCD, rocky desertification and SBD were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. The SOC storage capacity was characterized by using SOCD, and then the SOC storage capacity in different evolution stages of karst landforms was assessed. The SOC contents of KLH, KPCD, KC, KPB and KTV ranged from 6.16 to 38.20 g·kg−1, 7.42 to 27.08 g·kg−1, 6.28 to 35.17 g·kg−1, 4.62 to 23.79 g·kg−1 and 5.24 to 37.85 g·kg−1, respectively, and their average SOCD values (0–100 cm) were 7.37, 10.79, 7.06, 8.51 and 7.84 kg·m−2, respectively. The karst landforms as ordered by SOC storage capacity were KPCD > KPB > KLH > KTV > KC. The SOC content was negatively correlated with the SBD; light rocky desertification may lead to SOC accumulation. The rocky desertification degree and SBD were closely associated with slope position and gradient. Rocky desertification first increased, then decreased from mountain foot to summit, and increased with increasing slope gradient. However, the SBD decreased from mountain foot to summit and with increasing slope gradient. The SOC contents on the northern aspect of the mountains were generally higher than the other aspects. In summary, rock outcrops controlled the SOC contents in the studied regions. The slope position, gradient and aspect influenced the composition and distribution of vegetation, which influenced the evolution of rocky desertification. Therefore, these factors indirectly affected the SOC content. Additionally, the SOCD decreased with increasing rocky desertification. During the different evolution stages of karst landforms, the SOC storage capacity first decreases, then increases.

scholarly journals Prediction of Orchard Soils Degradation using Munsell Soil Color

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 338-343
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Color ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Orchard Soils

The soil organic carbon content played an important role in reducing soil fertility, then fruit yield and quality. Several studies in Mekong Delta, Vietnam area showed that soil of orchards was degraded after longtime constructed. The prediction of soil organic carbon in the fields at wider regions requires a large number of samples that are costly to analyze. The objective of this study found out the correlation between Munsell soil colour with the content of organic matter of the different orchard soils to predict the content of organic carbon from 52 orchard soil samples of the different ages of construction as soil degraded. A case study in Hau Giang province, Vietnam. The results showed that there was a complicated relation to soil properties. Soil colour has the same Munsell Hue, but there is different between Munsell Value and Chroma when the soil has at the same humidity. Organic Carbon content ranged from 1,32 to 5,6%. There was negative significant correlation between organic C content and Munsell soil color properties, such as with Munsell Value (r = -0,75** air-dry, r = -0,74** moist); Munsell Chroma (r= -0,55** air-dry, r = -0,66** moist). Since, Visual soil colour assessment is useful predictors of organic C content, especially for topsoil layers to predict the degradation of orchard soils. This study indicates that soil organic content can be predicted by using Munsell soil colours for visual field measurements on the old raised bed at the moist condition, which can be used for field soil fertility degradation recommendation. However, more study of pedotransfer function on other soils condition must be correlated for further recommendation.

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