Effects of Different Biomass Drying and Lipid Extraction Methods on Algal Lipid Yield, Fatty Acid Profile, and Biodiesel Quality

2015 ◽  
Vol 175 (6) ◽  
pp. 3048-3057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javid Hussain ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Wilson A. Lopes ◽  
Janice I. Druzian ◽  
Carolina O. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Lipid Yield ◽  
Algal Lipid ◽  
Biodiesel Quality

scholarly journals Effect of harvesting processes on the lipid yield and fatty acid profile of the marine microalga Nannochloropsis oculata

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 164-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucelia Borges ◽  
Sergiane Caldas ◽  
Marcelo G. Montes D’Oca ◽  
Paulo Cesar Abreu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Nannochloropsis Oculata ◽  
Lipid Yield ◽  
Marine Microalga

Evaluation of Method-Specific Extraction Variability for the Measurement of Fatty Acids in a Candidate Infant/Adult Nutritional Formula Reference Material

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 814-819
Author(s):  
Benjamin J Place
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Isolated Soy Protein

Abstract To address community needs, the National Institute of Standards and Technology has developed a candidate Standard Reference Material (SRM) for infant/adult nutritional formula based on milk and whey protein concentrates with isolated soy protein called SRM 1869 Infant/Adult Nutritional Formula. One major component of this candidate SRM is the fatty acid content. In this study, multiple extraction techniques were evaluated to quantify the fatty acids in this new material. Extraction methods that were based on lipid extraction followed by transesterification resulted in lower mass fraction values for all fatty acids than the values measured by methods utilizing in situ transesterification followed by fatty acid methyl ester extraction (ISTE). An ISTE method, based on the identifiedoptimal parameters, was used to determine the fatty acid content of the new infant/adult nutritional formula reference material.

scholarly journals Assessing properties of acantholippia deserticola (Phil.) moldenke essential oil: Comparison between hydrodistillation and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation extraction methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
Jenifer Palma ◽  
Ana Mercado ◽  
Adrian Paredes ◽  
Catherine Lizama ◽  
Gissel Pohl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Microwave Assisted

Acantholippia deserticola (Rica-Rica) is a native shrub of the Chilean highlands used as a medicinal plant and food dressing. The objective of this study was to compare the physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial characteristics of its essential oil (EO), based on the process parameters and extraction methods using hydrodistillation (HD) and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD), and assessing presence of fatty acids. The process performance as well as the colour parameters, refractive index, fatty acid profile, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity were evaluated. The best process conditions for HD were 90 min, 420 W and 150 g 1000 mL–1; for MAHD, these were 90 min, 700 W and 200 g 1000 mL–1, with yields of 0.45 and 0.49 mL 100 g-1 and antioxidant capacities of 2.38 and 3.92 µmol Trolox g-1 respectively. The collection season, extraction method and its parameters affected the yield and fatty acid profile, influencing EOs’ activity. In terms of mass of herbs, process time as well as energy efficiency and environmental impact, the extraction of MAHD was 8% more efficient. EOs extracted by both methods show a slight inhibitory effect on Streptococcus sp. and Bacillus cereus, and MAHD EO showed a highly inhibitory effect on Streptococcus Group A. The type of extraction method and the process parameters could be set to obtain suitable EOs according to its potential industrial application.

Optimization Growth of Spirulina (Arthrospira) Platensis in Photobioreactor Under Varied Nitrogen Concentration for Maximized Biomass, Carotenoids and Lipid Contents

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanaa H. Abd El Baky ◽  
Gamal S. El Baroty ◽  
Enas M. Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Lipid Contents ◽  
Cold Condition ◽  
Lipid Compounds

Aims and Background: Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis (SP) microalgae were cultured in Zarrouk Medium (ZM), containing three nitrogen concentrations (N-limited, N-optimal and Nrich medium) in ten liter-photo-bioreactor (10 L PBR) for 15-days, in order to study changes in lipid compounds (total carotenoids and total lipids and their effect on fatty acid profile). Based on US patent, the yield of bioactive compounds (such as gamma-linolenic acid GLA, C18:3) extracted from microalgae biomass, mainly depends on the extraction processes (1). GLA has much attention with respect to its therapeutic properties such as its ability to decrease blood cholesterol levels. Methods: The impact of the addition of N in cultures of S. platensis in terms of growth, biomasses and induced lipid compounds (total carotenoids and total lipid contents and its fatty acid profile), as well as the Sonication (SON) and Microwave (MIC) process as aiding techniques for lipid extraction compared with a Cold Condition (COL), was examined. GC/MS method was used to determine the fatty acid profile of lipid extract of SP cultures. Results: In all S. platensis tested culture, the SP was growing successfully, with varying degrees. In N-rich media, the highest cell growth rate and biomass yield were obtained compared with that recorded in other cultures. Under an N-limited condition, SP had higher Total Carotenoids (TCAR, 45.54 mg/g dw) and total lipid contents (TL, 29.51%± 1.92 g/100g dw) compared with that recorded either in N-rich (11.2 mg/g dw) or in N-optimal (6.23 mg/g dw) cultures. Thus, SP copes with the N -stress by altering the metabolic pathways towards inducing lipid biosynthesis. To maximize the TL and TCAR extraction yields, from N-limited cultures, a set of operating process was applied including the Sonication (SON) and Microwave (MIC), which were used as aiding techniques for lipid extraction compared with the Cold Condition (COL) techniques. The results showed that the extraction efficiency of the S. platensis TL increased in the following order: MIC (29.51%± 1.92) > SON (25.46% ± 1.65> COL (20.43% ±1.43). In a comparative study for its fatty acid profiles (FAPs) among all SP cultures, lipids were analyzed by GC/MS. The predominant fatty acids (>10%, of total FA) were found to be myristic acid (C14:0, MA), palmitic acid (C16:0, PA) and oleic acid (C18:1). Conclusion: The study concluded that the N-limited condition was found to have a strong influence on biomass dry weight and lipid contents and total carotenoids in SP cells compared to either Nrich or N-optimal conditions. The use of sonication and the microwave techniques lead to a great increase in the extraction of lipid contents and in high amount Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) in N-limited cultures, in particular, the omega-6 (ω 6) and omega-3 (ω 3) of the essential C18 fatty acids. It seems that the SP rich in lipid content with a high amount of GLC produced under nitrogen limitation in PBR conditions can be used as a food additive or as a nutritional supplement.

scholarly journals First Report on Tertiary Amine as a Co2 Switchable Solvent for Hypersaline Trebouxiophycean Microalgae Towards Greener and Competent Lipid Extraction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susaimanickam Anto ◽  
M Premalatha ◽  
Thangavel Mathimani
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Tertiary Amines ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Lipid Yield ◽  
Fame Profile

Abstract Considering the momentous cost drivers in energy efficient algal biorefinery processes, a green alternative in the lipid extraction process from microalgae is anticipated. Switchable solvent system using tertiary amines namely DMBA (Dimethylbenzylamine), DMCHA (Dimethylcyclohexylamine), and DIPEA (Diisopropylethylamine) for lipid extraction from wet hypersaline microalgae was investigated in this study. Interestingly, showed that at 1:1 (v/v of fresh DMBA solvent: microalgal biomass), and for 1 h extraction time, the lipid yield was 41.9, 26.6, and 33.3% for Chlorella sp. NITT 05, Chlorella sp. NITT 02, and Picochlorum sp. NITT 04 respectively and for recovered DMBA solvent at 1:1 (v/v) and for 1 hour extraction time, the lipid yield was 40.8, 25.97, and 32%, respectively. Similarly, lipid extraction using DMCHA solvent for Chlorella sp. NITT 05, Chlorella sp. NITT 02, and Picochlorum sp. NITT 04 at 1:1 (v/v of solvent: microalgal biomass) and 1 h extraction time showed 34.28, 24.24 and 23.33% lipids, respectively for fresh solvent and 34.01, 24.24 and 23.18% for recovered solvent respectively; while DIPEA was not competent in lipid extraction from three tested microalgae. FAME profile shows the presence of major saturated fatty acid as C16:0 (~ 30%) and major unsaturated fatty acid as C18:1 (~17%).

scholarly journals Effect of different cell disruption methods on lipid yield of Schizochytrium sp.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Hac İsa ◽  
Cansu Metin ◽  
Ertan Ercan ◽  
Yunus Alparslan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Cell Disruption ◽  
Health Indices ◽  
Lipid Yield ◽  
Atherogenicity Index ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Enzyme Application

In this study, it was investigated to increase the lipid yield of the microalgae Schizochytrium sp., by applying different cell disruption methods. Therefore, acid treatment with HCl, osmotic shock, enzyme applications and ultrasonic homogenizer were tried in this algae species combined with the Bligh and Dyer and Soxhlet methods as an alternative to classical lipid extraction methods. As a result of the study, the highest lipid value (21.72 ± 0.74%) was obtained in enzyme application with Bligh and Dyer method (BDE). The cell disruption processes increased the lipid yield compared to the control groups. The highest PUFA DHA was found in the range of 4.58 ± 2.44-19.25 ± 0.09%, and the highest value was observed in the BDE group. Highest SFA was palmitic acid. Effective results were observed in the Bligh and Dyer applied groups in terms of both total lipid and total fatty acids. In cell disruption methods, particularly in enzyme and HCl extraction, good results were obtained in terms of fatty acids. The highest total fatty acids and the highest lipid content were detected in the Bligh and Dyer enzyme (BDE). Enzyme applications are also advantageous because of being environmentally friendly. Lipid health indices such as n-6/n-3, PUFA/SFA, Atherogenicity index (AI), Thrombogenicity index (TI) and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratios (HH) were almost favorable. With this study, an appropriate lipid extraction methods were determined to provide an economical and environmental friendly suggestion for future studies to be used in areas such as food, feed and cosmetics.

scholarly journals Fish oil quality of by-product (fish skin) from swangi fish

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
La Ode Huli ◽  
Sugeng Heri Suseno ◽  
Joko - Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Fish Skin ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The skin of swangi fish is a potential fish skin to be produced for fish oil. The objectives of this research were aimed to determine the yield and the best quality of fish oil and also to compare fatty acid profile of the fish according to different extraction methods. Fish oil extractions were used by wet rendering method with extraction temperatures of 60, 70, 80, 90, 100°C for 20, 30, and 40 minutes. Fish oil quality was determined by the chemical oil characteristics i.e. PV, FFA, AV, anisidin, and TOTOX. Fatty acid profile was analyzed using gas chromatography (Shimadzu). The results of the study showed that the highest fish oil yield in each treatment was obtained extraction temperature of 60°C for 30 minutes with percentage of 0.33, (70°C for 30 minutes) 0.46, (80°C for 30 minutes) 1.23, (90°C for 20 minutes) 1.14 and (100°C for 20 minutes) 0.84. These values were lower compare to Bligh &amp; Dyer and Soxhlet methods. Then, the best fish oil quality was resulted on temperature extraction of 60°C for 30 minutes with PV, FFA, anisidin, AV, and TOTOX were 9.17 meq/kg, 6.92%, 13,77 mg KOH/g, 0.86 meq/kg and 19.19 meq/kg, respectively. FUFA fatty acid compositions of swangi skin fish oil especially EPA and DHA in wet rendering method were gained 0.73% and 2.53%, respectively. These results were lower than Bligh &amp; Dyer method which was consisted of 3.66% (EPA), and 13.29% (DHA) and also Soxhlet extraction method with value of EPA was 2.78% and DHA was 9.62%.<br />Keywords: EPA, extraction temperature, DHA, fish oil quality, fish skin

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