Effects of Temperature and Other Operational Parameters on Chlorella vulgaris Mass Cultivation in a Simple and Low-Cost Column Photobioreactor

2015 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bio Sigui Bruno Bamba ◽  
Paul Lozano ◽  
Félix Adjé ◽  
Allassane Ouattara ◽  
Maryline Abert Vian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Mass Cultivation ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

scholarly journals Growth and biochemical composition of Chlorella vulgaris in different growth media

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1427-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATHIAS A. CHIA ◽  
ANA T. LOMBARDI ◽  
MARIA DA GRACA G. MELAO
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Continuous Cultures ◽  
The Cost

The need for clean and low-cost algae production demands for investigations on algal physiological response under different growth conditions. In this research, we investigated the growth, biomass production and biochemical composition of Chlorella vulgaris using semi-continuous cultures employing three growth media (LC Oligo, Chu 10 and WC media). The highest cell density was obtained in LC Oligo, while the lowest in Chu medium. Chlorophyll a, carbohydrate and protein concentrations and yield were highest in Chu and LC Oligo media. Lipid class analysis showed that hydrocarbons (HC), sterol esthers (SE), free fatty acids (FFA), aliphatic alcohols (ALC), acetone mobile polar lipids (AMPL) and phospholipids (PL) concentrations and yields were highest in the Chu medium. Triglyceride (TAG) and sterol (ST) concentrations were highest in the LC Oligo medium. The results suggested that for cost effective cultivation, LC Oligo medium is the best choice among those studied, as it saved the cost of buying vitamins and EDTA associated with the other growth media, while at the same time resulted in the best growth performance and biomass production.

Thermoplastique Degradation under Heat and Irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 904 ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
Sonya Redjala ◽  
Said Azem ◽  
Nourredine Ait Hocine
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Ultraviolet Rays ◽  
Technical Material ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the article is to highlight the effect of the environment on the properties of a polycarbonate (PC). It consists in aging this material under Ultra-violet (UV) combined with temperature for different periods of time, and to reveal the physicochemical and mechanical changes caused by aging. PC is a highly valued technical material for its various important characteristics and low cost. It finds its application in various fields but mainly in those whose requirements are the transparency and the impact resistance. The physicochemical and mechanicals characterizations of the marketed polycarbonate are necessary in order to highlight its intrinsic properties and to develop strategies that can improve its lifespan. In this work, we highlight the physicochemical and mechanical characteristics of virgin and aged polycarbonate. For this, analytical techniques and mechanical tests were used. A comparison of the characteristics revealed the combined effects of temperature and ultraviolet rays.

Recent Advances in Fluidized Bed Gasification of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-105
Author(s):  
Bemgba Bevan Nyakuma ◽  
Olagoke Oladokun
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstock ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Gasification Technology ◽  
Potential Use

The chapter presents recent developments in the gasification of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) through fluidized bed gasifiers. The bioenergy potential of oil palm EFB as an environmentally friendly biomass is presented. Furthermore, the chapter highlights the prospects of utilising biomass gasification technology as a practical method for valorising EFB. The successful development and deployment of gasification for oil palm EFB depends on a critical understanding of the fundamental theories of the chemical reactions, classification, and operational parameters of biomass gasifiers. Hence, the potential use of fluidized bed gasifiers for oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) is highlighted in detail. Next, the analysis of the fundamental theories, assumptions, and equations of fluidization critical to fluidized bed gasification of EFB is presented. The chapter concludes by highlighting the potential of oil palm EFB as a low-cost, abundant, lignocellulosic feedstock for valorisation through fluidized bed gasification.

scholarly journals Modified coal fly ash as low cost adsorbent for removal reactive dyes from batik industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 01037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Taufiq ◽  
Pratikno Hidayat ◽  
Arif Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Percentage Removal ◽  
Modified Fly Ash

The removal of reactive dyes on modified coal fly ash has been investigated during a series of batch adsorption experiments. Physical characteristics of modified coal fly ash was characterized by Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) surface area analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effects of operational parameters such as initial dye concentration (50–200 mg/L), solution pH (4–10) and adsorbent dosage (50–200 mg/L) were studied. The adsorption experiments indicated that modified coal fly ash was effective in removing of Remazol Blue. The percentage removal of dyes increased while the modified fly ash dosage increased. The percentage removal of dyes increased with decreased initial concentration of the dye and also increased with amount of adsorbent used. The optimum of removal of dyes was found to be 94% at initial dye concentration 50 g/mL, modified fly ash dosage 250 g/mL, and pH of 2.0.

Effect of electrode properties and operational parameters on capacitive deionization using low-cost commercial carbons

2016 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 39-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael L. Zornitta ◽  
Julio J. Lado ◽  
Marc A. Anderson ◽  
Luís A.M. Ruotolo
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Operational Parameters

The Design and Performance of a Sequencing Sediment Trap for Lake Research

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Muzzi ◽  
Brian J. Eadie
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Trap ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Sediment Traps ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Coastal Systems ◽  
Sample Bottle ◽  
And Performance

Static sediment traps have been successfully used to examine the processes of particle flux and resuspension in large lakes and coastal systems. Although the traps themselves are inexpensive, the deployment and retrieval of them is costly, which restricts both the quantity and frequency of samples. To overcome this, a programmable sequencing sediment trap was designed and tested for use in large lakes and coastal systems. Sediment is collected into a carousel of 23 standard 60 ml (Nalgene™) polyethylene sample bottles. The sequencing design incorporates an electric motor and paddle to rotate the carousel so that one sample bottle at a time is exposed according to a preprogrammed schedule. These traps incorporate a cylindrical design with a 20 cm collection opening and an 8:1 aspect ratio. The micro-controller monitors the operation and records operational parameters allowing corifirmation of the exposure time of each bottle. Several field tests were conducted to verify the precision and uniformity of the sediment collection. Impmvements made over the 10 years of deployment experience and field testing have resulted in a very reliable and low-cost instrument.

The Monitoring and Control of Burners Co-Firing Coal and Biomass

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Valliappan ◽  
K. Jagiełło ◽  
S. J. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Monitoring And Control System ◽  
Flame Monitoring ◽  
And Control

The monitoring and control of combustion systems co-firing coal and biomass is a critical consideration when aiming to increase the proportion of biomass being combusted. This is because it is likely that the combustion will become increasingly unstable as the biomass proportion increases. In order to develop a flame monitoring and control system, flame signal data sets were collected from combustion measurements taken on a 500kW pilot scale combustion test facility. The sensors used were photodiodes with sensitivities in the UV, visible and IR wavelengths. The analysis of these data, identified flame features that can be related to operational parameters such as flame stability, excess air level, NOx and CO emissions. These features were then applied in the development of an intelligent flame monitoring and optimisation system for individual burners based on these low cost sensors. The testing of the monitoring and control system on a pilot scale burner and at full scale are described in this paper.

Microalgae for oil: Strain selection, induction of lipid synthesis and outdoor mass cultivation in a low-cost photobioreactor

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Rodolfi ◽  
Graziella Chini Zittelli ◽  
Niccolò Bassi ◽  
Giulia Padovani ◽  
Natascia Biondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Strain Selection ◽  
Mass Cultivation
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