Intensification of Xylo-oligosaccharides Production by Hydrothermal Treatment of Brewer’s Spent Grains: The Use of Extremely Low Acid Catalyst for Reduction of Degradation Products Associated with High Solid Loading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas J. Swart ◽  
Oscar K. K. Bedzo ◽  
Eugéne van Rensburg ◽  
Johann F. Görgens
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
High Solid ◽  
High Solid Loading ◽  
Spent Grains

scholarly journals Intensification of Xylo-oligosaccharides Production by Hydrothermal Treatment of Brewer’s Spent Grains: Use of Extremely Low Acid Catalyst for Reduction of Degradation Products Associated With High Solids Loading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas J. Swart ◽  
Oscar Koku Kplorm Bedzo ◽  
Eugéne van Rensburg ◽  
Johann F. Görgens
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
High Solids ◽  
High Solids Loading ◽  
Spent Grains

Abstract Brewers’ spent grains (BSG) make up to 85% of a brewery’s solid waste, and is either sent to landfill or sold as cheap animal feed supplement. Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) obtained from BSG are antioxidants and prebiotics that can be used in food formulations as low-calorie sweeteners and texturisers. The effect of extremely low acid (ELA) catalysis in liquid hot water (LHW) hydrothermal treatment (HTT) was assessed using BSG with dry matter contents of 15% and 25%, achieved by dewatering using a screw press. Batch experiments at low acid loadings of 5, 12.5 and 20 mg/g dry mass and temperatures of 120, 150 and 170 °C significantly affected XOS yield at both levels of dry mass considered. Maximum XOS yields of 76.4% (16.6 g/l) and 65.5% (31.7 g/l) were achieved from raw BSG and screw pressed BSG respectively, both at 170 °C and using 5 mg acid/g dry mass, after 15 min and 5 min, respectively. These XOS yields were obtained with BSG containing up to 63% less water and temperatures more than 20 °C lower than that reported previously. The finding confirms that ELA dosing in LHW HTT allows lowering of the required temperature that can result in a reduction of degradation products, which is especially relevant under high solids conditions. This substantial XOS production intensification through higher solids loadings in HTT, not only achieved high product yield, but also provided benefits such as increased product concentrations and decreased process heat requirements.

scholarly journals Additive manufacturing of thin electrolyte layers via inkjet printing of highly-stable ceramic inks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongqi Zhu ◽  
Zhiyuan Gong ◽  
Piao Qu ◽  
Ziyong Li ◽  
Sefiu Abolaji Rasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Polyacrylic Acid ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Structural Quality ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Ultrasonic Dispersion ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
High Solid ◽  
High Solid Loading

AbstractInkjet printing is a promising alternative for the fabrication of thin film components for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) due to its contactless, mask free, and controllable printing process. In order to obtain satisfying electrolyte thin layer structures in anode-supported SOFCs, the preparation of suitable electrolyte ceramic inks is a key. At present, such a kind of 8 mol% Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (8YSZ) electrolyte ceramic ink with long-term stability and high solid loading (> 15 wt%) seems rare for precise inkjet printing, and a number of characterization and performance aspects of the inks, such as homogeneity, viscosity, and printability, should be studied. In this study, 8YSZ ceramic inks of varied compositions were developed for inkjet printing of SOFC ceramic electrolyte layers. The dispersing effect of two types of dispersants, i.e., polyacrylic acid ammonium (PAANH4) and polyacrylic acid (PAA), were compared. The results show that ultrasonic dispersion treatment can help effectively disperse the ceramic particles in the inks. PAANH4 has a better dispersion effect for the inks developed in this study. The inks show excellent printable performance in the actual printing process. The stability of the ink can be maintained for a storage period of over 30 days with the help of initial ultrasonic dispersion. Finally, micron-size thin 8YSZ electrolyte films were successfully fabricated through inkjet printing and sintering, based on the as-developed high solid loading 8YSZ inks (20 wt%). The films show fully dense and intact structural morphology and smooth interfacial bonding, offering an improved structural quality of electrolyte for enhanced SOFC performance.

scholarly journals Fabrication of High Solid Loading Silicon Carbide Slurry Using UV Curable Resin

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 576-581
Author(s):  
Seizo Obata ◽  
Sosuke Azuma ◽  
Kenji Tateishi ◽  
Yasuhiro Shinoda ◽  
Michiyuki Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
High Solid ◽  
High Solid Loading ◽  
Uv Curable Resin

Study of LSGM Slurry for Gel-Tape-Casting

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 751-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Cheng ◽  
Jiang Hong Gong ◽  
Zhong Tai Zhang ◽  
Zi Long Tang
Keyword(s):  
Tape Casting ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
High Solid ◽  
High Solid Loading ◽  
Powder Properties

A novel process, gel-tape-casting, is employed to fabricate LSGM thin dense sheets in aqueous AM system. The influences of powder properties, dispersant and other additives were discussed and relevant processing parameters were also explored. The slurry of LSGM with a high solid loading about 33 vol.% was successfully obtained.

Preparation of high solid loading and low viscosity ceramic slurries for photopolymerization-based 3D printing

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 11549-11557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangwei Chen ◽  
Junjie Li ◽  
Chengbo Liu ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Junyi Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
High Solid ◽  
High Solid Loading ◽  
Low Viscosity

scholarly journals A Whole-Slurry Fermentation Approach to High-Solid Loading for Bioethanol Production from Corn Stover

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo G. del Río ◽  
Patricia Gullón ◽  
F.R. Rebelo ◽  
Aloia Romaní ◽  
Gil Garrote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
High Solid ◽  
High Solid Loading ◽  
Second Generation Bioethanol ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Solid Phases ◽  
Whole Slurry

Corn stover is the most produced byproduct from maize worldwide. Since it is generated as a residue from maize harvesting, it is an inexpensive and interesting crop residue to be used as a feedstock. An ecologically friendly pretreatment such as autohydrolysis was selected for the manufacture of second-generation bioethanol from corn stover via whole-slurry fermentation at high-solid loadings. Temperatures from 200 to 240 °C were set for the autohydrolysis process, and the solid and liquid phases were analyzed. Additionally, the enzymatic susceptibility of the solid phases was assessed to test the suitability of the pretreatment. Afterward, the production of bioethanol from autohydrolyzed corn stover was carried out, mixing the solid with different percentages of the autohydrolysis liquor (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) and water (0% of liquor), from a total whole slurry fermentation (saving energy and water in the liquid–solid separation and subsequent washing of the solid phase) to employing water as only liquid medium. In spite of the challenging scenario of using the liquor fraction as liquid phase in the fermentation, values between 32.2 and 41.9 g ethanol/L and ethanol conversions up to 80% were achieved. This work exhibits the feasibility of corn stover for the production of bioethanol via a whole-slurry fermentation process.

Ethylenediamine Enhances Ionic Liquid Pretreatment Performance at High Solid Loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (34) ◽  
pp. 13007-13018
Author(s):  
Li Xu ◽  
Wen-Chao Li ◽  
Jiayu Xin ◽  
Sen-Jia Zhang ◽  
Bing-Zhi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Ionic Liquid Pretreatment ◽  
High Solid ◽  
High Solid Loading
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