Trait Self-Control, Inhibition, and Executive Functions: Rethinking some Traditional Assumptions

Neuroethics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Haug
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Control Inhibition

scholarly journals The (In)significance of Executive Functions for the Trait of Self-Control: A Psychometric Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Nęcka ◽  
Aleksandra Gruszka ◽  
Jarosław Orzechowski ◽  
Michał Nowak ◽  
Natalia Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Psychometric Study

Issues in the Conceptualization and Assessment of Hot Executive Functions in Childhood

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Welsh ◽  
Eric Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Current State ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Individual

AbstractOur review examines the current state of the research on hot executive function (EF), as contrasted with cool EF, with regard to the evidence for construct validity. Current theoretical discussions have examined the conceptual overlap among constructs such as hot EF, effortful control, self-control, and self-regulation. We explore this emerging literature with a focus on research questions, tasks, and methods. Finally, we consider the unresolved questions facing the study of hot EF, most notably the difficulty in determining the relative “heat” of a given task based on task content, testing context, and the individual differences among the participants. (JINS, 2014, 20, 1–5)

scholarly journals Application of Luria Approach to Management of Autistic Spectrum Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Markiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Delay Of Gratification ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Late Childhood ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
General Motor ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Diagnosis Therapy ◽  
Original Approach ◽  
Insight Into

Autistic persons show considerable difficulties in the ability of self-control including attention, motor reactions, resistance to distractions and delay of gratification, which are presently labelled as executive functions. The present paper describes dynamics of developmental changes in executive functions of 25 autistic children, patients of Specialised Clinic of Diagnosis and Rehabilitation in Lublin, Poland, during their early and late childhood. In accordance with Luria original approach the assessment of disorders observed was closely connected with therapeutic procedure. It made possible getting deeper insight into the difficulties encountered by the children and refinement of the course of therapy at the same time. Significant progressive changes in the development of executive functions were observed in the examined children. A significant correlation among an ability to control one’s own reactions and cognitive functions, communication, and an ability to imitate others as well as general motor agility was stated. It allows the conclusion that autistic children are able to acquire an ability to change their former behaviours. They are, therefore, capable of understanding that a previous rule may be exchanged for the other, and they are also able to refrain from awaiting an immediate gratification. Keywords: Autism, executive functions, diagnosis, therapy, Luria approach

scholarly journals No relation of Need for Cognition to basic executive functions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Gärtner ◽  
Julia Grass ◽  
Max Wolff ◽  
Thomas Goschke ◽  
Anja Strobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Shape Matching ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Self Control

Need for Cognition (NFC) refers to a personality trait describing the relatively stable intrinsic motivation of individuals to invest cognitive effort in cognitive endeavors. Higher NFC is associated with a more elaborated, central information processing style and increased recruitment of resources in cognitively demanding situations. To further clarify the association between cognitive resources and NFC, we examined in two studies how NFC relates to executive functions as basic cognitive abilities. In Study 1, 189 healthy young adults completed a NFC scale and a battery of six commonly used inhibitory control tasks (Stroop, antisaccade, stop-signal, flanker, shape-matching, word-naming). In Study 2, 102 healthy young adults completed the NFC scale and two tasks for each of the three executive functions inhibitory control (go-nogo, stop-signal), shifting (number-letter, color-shape) and working memory updating (two-back, letter-memory). Using a Bayesian approach to correlation analysis, we found no conclusive evidence that NFC was related to any executive function measure. Instead, we obtained even moderate evidence for the null hypothesis. Both studies add to more recent findings that shape the understanding of NFC as a trait that is less characterized by increased cognitive control abilities but rather by increased willingness to invest effort and exert self-control via motivational processes.

Executive Functions in Social Context: Implications for Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Supporting Developmental Trajectories

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Munakata ◽  
Laura E. Michaelson
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Contextual Influences ◽  
Life Outcomes

Success in life is linked to executive functions, a collection of cognitive processes that support goal-directed behaviors. Executive functions is an umbrella term related to cognitive control, self-control, and more. Variations in executive functioning predict concurrent success in schooling, relationships, and behavior, as well as important life outcomes years later. Such findings may suggest that certain individuals are destined for good executive functioning and success. However, environmental influences on executive function and development have long been recognized. Recent research in this tradition demonstrates the power of social contextual influences on children's engagement of executive functions. Such findings suggest new interpretations of why individuals differ in executive functioning and associated life outcomes, including across cultures and socioeconomic statuses. These findings raise fundamental questions about how best to conceptualize, measure, and support executive functioning across diverse contexts. Future research addressing real-world dynamics and computational mechanisms will elucidate how executive functioning emerges in the world. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Developmental Psychology, Volume 3 is December 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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