Professional Competence and Intuitive Decision Making: A Simulation Study in the Domain of Emergency Medicine

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Harteis ◽  
Barbara Morgenthaler ◽  
Christine Kugler ◽  
Karl-Peter Ittner ◽  
Gabriel Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Intuitive Decision Making

Intuitive Decision Making in Emergency Medicine: An Explorative Study

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Harteis ◽  
Christian Morgenthaler ◽  
Christine Kugler ◽  
Gabriel Roth ◽  
Bernhard Graf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Explorative Study ◽  
Intuitive Decision Making

Exploring the Differences in Macrocognition Between Experts and Non-CHD Experts Managing Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-339
Author(s):  
Azadeh Assadi ◽  
Peter C. Laussen ◽  
Patricia Trbovich
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Acute Management ◽  
Naturalistic Decision Making ◽  
The Face

Background and aims: Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk of deterioration in the face of common childhood illnesses, and their resuscitation and acute management is often best achieved with the guidance of CHD experts. Access to such expertise may be limited outside specialty heart centers and the fragility of these patients is cause for discomfort among many emergency medicine physicians. An understanding of the differences in macrocognition of these clinicians could shed light on some of the causes of discomfort and facilitate the development of a sociotechnological solution to this problem. Methods: Cardiac intensivists (CHD experts) and pediatric emergency medicine physicians (non-CHD experts) in a major academic cardiac center were interviewed using the critical decision method. Interview transcripts were coded deductively based on Klein’s macrocognitive framework and inductively to allow for new or modified characterization of dimensions. Results: While both CHD-experts and non-CHD experts relied on the macrocognitive functions of sensemaking, naturalistic decision making and detecting problems, the specific data and mental models used to understand the patients and course of therapy differed between CHD-experts and non-CHD experts. Conclusion: Characterization of differences between the macrocognitive processes of CHD experts and non-CHD experts can inform development of sociotechnological solutions to augment decision making pertaining to the acute management of pediatric CHD patients.

Data Collection

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley B. Olswang ◽  
Barbara Bain
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Treatment Progress ◽  
Clinical Process ◽  
Birthday Party ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Intuitive Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Model

For many of us, not having data concerning a client’s progress during treatment is tantamount to being unprepared for a lecture, or showing up at a birthday party without a present—totally unthinkable. This zealous position is based on the assumption that clinical decisions regarding treatment efficacy should be based on data. Data, in this case, refers to both quantitative and qualitative information that provides evidence for deciding the course of treatment. This is not to say that data can and should be collected on every aspect of the clinical process. Indeed, intuitive decision-making on the part of the speech-language pathologist is often warranted. But in general, a series of decisions regarding whether or not treatment is working, can and should be based on data. This article examines the ways in which we can measure treatment progress, and provides guidelines for the reader in the use of a data-based, decision-making model.

scholarly journals Mycological rationality: Heuristics, perception and decision-making in mushroom foraging

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roope Oskari Kaaronen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Ecological Rationality ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Decisions Under Uncertainty ◽  
Rules Of Thumb ◽  
Intuitive Decision Making ◽  
Human Foraging ◽  
Simple Heuristics

How do mushroom foragers make safe and efficient decisions under uncertainty, or deal with the genuine risks of misiden-tification and poisoning? This article is an inquiry into ecological rationality, heuristics, perception, and decision-makingin mushroom foraging. By surveying 894 Finnish mushroom foragers, this article illustrates how socially learned rules of thumb and heuristics are used in mushroom foraging, and how simple heuristics are often complemented by more complex and intuitive decision-making. The results illustrate how traditional foraging cultures have evolved precautionary heuristics to deal with uncertainties and poisonous species, and how foragers develop selective attention through experience. The study invites us to consider whether other human foraging cultures might use heuristics similarly, how and why such traditions have culturally evolved, and whether early hunter-gatherers might have used simple heuristics to deal with uncertainty.

scholarly journals Formation of professional competence in decision-making in non-standard situations of polygraph tests in the training of polygraph examiners (using the example of search tests)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Leonid Borodavko ◽  
Andrey Ermakov ◽  
Valentina Belyankina
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Hidden Information ◽  
Detailed Consideration ◽  
The Real ◽  
Main Emphasis

The article discusses some aspects to be taken into account when preparing polygraph examiners in order to form skills for conducting polygraph tests using search tests related to the method of revealing hidden information. Search tests have their own characteristics and differ from other tests, both in the degree of complexity and the composition of the methodological techniques used, and in the degree of accuracy and reliability of the results obtained. The use of search tests assumes that the polygraph examiner has not only knowledge, but also practical skills to perform a certain sequence of actions for their use, as well as the interpretation of the results obtained. Special attention is paid to the consideration of a number of difficulties that arise when using search tests, directly related to the interpretation of the information received and the development of techniques for the formation of skills for solving them. The authors put the main emphasis on the fact that in the process of training polygraph examiners, self-conducting polygraph tests when solving problems modeled on the basis of situations from practical activities, as well as a detailed consideration of the causes of psychophysiological reactions, will contribute to improving the level of professional competence in decision-making in nonstandard situations. In addition, conducting a detailed analysis of the results obtained, taking into account the interpretation of the recorded reactions when using search tests, will help to reduce the likelihood of making errors of various types in the real conditions of the future polygraph examiner’s professional activity.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Military Conflict: an Economics Perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus B. Beckmann ◽  
Lennart Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Differential Games ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Dynamic Games ◽  
Rational Decision ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Rational Decision Making ◽  
Contest Success Functions ◽  
Military Theory

AbstractThis paper is concerned with methods for analysing patterns of conflict. We survey dynamic games, differential games, and simulation as alternative ways of extending the standard static economic model of conflict to study patterns of conflict dynamics, giving examples for each type of model.It turns out that computational requirements and theoretical difficulties impose tight limits on what can be achieved using the first two approaches. In particular, we appear to be forced to model the outcome of conflict as being decided in a single final confrontation if we employ non-linear contest success functions.A simulation study based on a new model of adaptive, boundedly rational decision making, however, is shown not to be subject to this limitation. Plausible patterns of conflict dynamics emerge, which we can link to both historical conflict and standard tenets of military theory.

The relationship of caffeinated beverages with depressive symptoms and decision-making

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hatice Çolak ◽  
Emel Erdeniz ◽  
Esra Tansu Sarıyer ◽  
Ekin Çevik ◽  
Didem Yangın
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Decision Making Styles ◽  
Intuitive Decision Making ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Caffeine can affect depressive symptoms and decision-making. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the relationship between caffeinated beverages consumption with depressive symptoms and decision-making styles. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 432 adults working in office environment. The questionnaire consisting of individuals’ socio-demographic attributes, the frequency and the amount of caffeinated beverages consumption, the “Epidemiological Research Center-Depression (CES-D) Scale” and the “Decision-Making Styles Scale” were used. The frequency and amount of caffeinated beverages were determined using the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The participants were asked to choose which cup/mug they prefer to drink their caffeinated beverages and what amount they consume that beverage at a time. All the data were collected using online platforms. RESULTS: In the study, 76.7%of the participants were female and the mean age was 31.5±8.0 years. The average daily total caffeine intake of the participants was 425.8±461.4 mg and the total CES-D scale score was 17.7±11.2 points. It was found that as the amount of caffeine consumed increased, intuitive decision-making decreased and depressive symptoms increased (p <  0.05). In linear regression analysis, total caffeine consumption was found to be a significant predictor for the intuitive decision-making score (B: –0.151; p:0.002). When caffeine consumption is controlled, intuitive and rational decision making decreases with increasing depressive symptoms while addiction and avoidance decision making increased (p <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: As a result, the amount of caffeine consumed daily was related to intuitive decision-making but did not effect depression. It has been observed that depressive symptoms affect decision-making styles in different ways. To our knowledge, our study is the first to examine the effects of caffeine consumption on depression and decision-making styles. Accordingly, future studies may focus on the link between caffeine consumption, depression, and decision-making styles in larger populations and the mechanisms that influence this relationship.

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