scholarly journals The Past, Present and Future of Surgical Education in Ireland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar J. Traynor ◽  
P. Ronan O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Surgical Training ◽  
Educational Technologies ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Comprehensive University ◽  
Structured Education ◽  
Training Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
Apprenticeship Model ◽  
Training Programmes

AbstractThe Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) was founded primarily to advance the standards of surgical training and surgical practice in Ireland. Over the course of almost 240 years, the College evolved as a comprehensive University of Medicine and Health Sciences, delivering education not only in Surgery but also in Medicine, Physiotherapy, Pharmacy and Nursing. RCSI today has a large global footprint and runs healthcare education programmes in several international locations. The College works in close collaboration with the other surgical Royal Colleges in Great Britain and the four colleges have a common surgical curriculum. RCSI recognises the increasing challenges facing traditional surgical training models and therefore has developed structured education programmes to support the conventional apprenticeship model. Surgical training in Ireland includes comprehensive training in both technical (operative) skills and non-technical (human factors) skills. RCSI is committed to the integration of simulation in surgical training and has invested heavily in state-of-the-art simulation facilities and in next-generation education technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality and Artificial Intelligence-based educational technologies. Formal surgical training programmes in Ireland are complemented by a range of Masters programmes in Surgical Science and Practice and also Human Factors in Patient Safety.

Human Factors in Operational Errors: Looking at the Past and Planning for the Future

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Schroeder ◽  
Julia Pounds ◽  
Larry Bailey ◽  
Carol Manning
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Operational Errors

General Aviation Weather Hazards:Current Human Factors Research, Pilot Practices, and Tools

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Beth Blickensderfer ◽  
Lori J Brown ◽  
Alyssa Greenman ◽  
Jayde King ◽  
Brandon Pitts
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Panel Discussion ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Flight Operations ◽  
Human Factors Research

When General Aviation (GA) pilots encounter unexpected weather hazards in-flight, the results are typically deadly. It is unsurprising that the National Transportation Safety Board repeatedly lists weather related factors in GA flight operations as an unsolved aviation safety challenge. Solving this problem requires multidisciplinary perspectives. Fortunately, in the past several years innovative laboratory research and industry products have become available. This panel discussion brings together Human Factors and Ergonomics researchers and practitioners to discuss and describe the current work and future directions to avoid weather related accidents in GA.

Human Factors in Classification and Certification

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Card ◽  
Clifford C. Baker ◽  
Kevin P. McSweeney ◽  
Denise B. McCafferty
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Maritime Safety ◽  
The Public ◽  
Human Element ◽  
The Past ◽  
Design Construction

Since the 18th century, Classification Societies have served the public interest by promoting the security of life, property, and the natural environment. This has been accomplished primarily through the development and verification of standards for the design, construction, and maintenance of marine facilities, however, new insights gained over the past decade have motivated maritime safety organizations to better address the contribution of the human element to maritime casualties and accidents.

A Macroergonomic Approach for Improving Safety and Work Design

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 859-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuo Nagamachi ◽  
Andrew S. Imada
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Work Design ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Human Suffering ◽  
The Past ◽  
Safe Work ◽  
Physical Dimensions

Over the past few years the concept of macroergonomics has heightened our awareness of how human factors can be successfully implemented in the work place. One application of this approach addresses the importance of psychological aspects of work that contribute to safe work performance. Traditionally safety interventionists, and to some extent, human factors professionals, have focused exclusively on the physical dimensions of work. Emphasizing the psychological and organizational impacts on safety represents a broader macroergonomic approach to human factors interventions. There is evidence that this approach has merit in reducing human suffering and costs.

scholarly journals Pilot st1 – 2 programmes in two deaneries

2006 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 334-335
Author(s):  
Toni Foers ◽  
Denise Robson
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Training ◽  
Pilot Training ◽  
Training Programmes

In August 2005, core surgical training (ST1–2 pilot training programmes) commenced in Mersey, Northern, and South Yorkshire and South Humber (SYSH) deaneries. This study is a select view on two particular areas, namely the latter two deaneries. A full evaluation has been undertaken during the year by the QA team.

Trend Analysis of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) Research Published in the HFES Proceedings

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1067-1071
Author(s):  
Salim A. Mouloua ◽  
James Ferraro ◽  
Mustapha Mouloua ◽  
P.A. Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Supervisory Control ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Factors And Ergonomics ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

The present study was designed to examine the research trends in the literature focusing on Human Factors issues relevant to Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems. As these UAV technologies continue to proliferate with increasing autonomy and supervisory control requirements, it is crucial to evaluate the current and emerging research trends across the generations. This paper reviews the research trends of 228 papers matching our search criteria. The search retained only relevant and complete papers published over the past thirty years (1988-2017) in the Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Results were tabulated, graphed, and discussed based on research categories, topic areas, authors’ affiliation, and sources of funding. Results showed a substantial increase in the number of articles in the last two decades, with most papers driven by academic institutions and military and government agencies.

scholarly journals Augmented Data Selector to Initiate Text-Based CAPTCHA Attack

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Aolin Che ◽  
Yalin Liu ◽  
Hong Xiao ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Training Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Design Cost ◽  
Accuracy Rates

In the past decades, due to the low design cost and easy maintenance, text-based CAPTCHAs have been extensively used in constructing security mechanisms for user authentications. With the recent advances in machine/deep learning in recognizing CAPTCHA images, growing attack methods are presented to break text-based CAPTCHAs. These machine learning/deep learning-based attacks often rely on training models on massive volumes of training data. The poorly constructed CAPTCHA data also leads to low accuracy of attacks. To investigate this issue, we propose a simple, generic, and effective preprocessing approach to filter and enhance the original CAPTCHA data set so as to improve the accuracy of the previous attack methods. In particular, the proposed preprocessing approach consists of a data selector and a data augmentor. The data selector can automatically filter out a training data set with training significance. Meanwhile, the data augmentor uses four different image noises to generate different CAPTCHA images. The well-constructed CAPTCHA data set can better train deep learning models to further improve the accuracy rate. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the accuracy rates of five commonly used attack methods after combining our preprocessing approach are 2.62% to 8.31% higher than those without preprocessing approach. Moreover, we also discuss potential research directions for future work.

scholarly journals The Theory of the Cultural Industries: A “Milieu” for Building Dynamic Knowledge

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric George
Keyword(s):  
Nous Allons ◽  
Cultural Industries ◽  
Cultural Industry ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Social Logic

Over the past 40 years, important work has been done on cultural industries through the close collaboration of researchers in Québec and France, to the point that it has become a question of the theory of cultural industries. In this article, I first examine the institutional contexts that have supported the development of research on this theme within French and Québécoise research groups. I then focus on discussions around the very nature of “the cultural industry” as a research object, as well as its unique characteristics. Thirdly, I address another issue of debate among the protagonists of this text, the concept of a “social logic” (or “model”). Finally, I conclude with a few open-ended questions with the goal of deepening research in this domain.Depuis une quarantaine d’années, d’importants travaux ont été effectués sur les industries culturelles en collaboration étroite par des chercheurs francophones à la fois au Québec et en France tant et si bien qu’il est dorénavant question de théorie des industries culturelles. Dans le cadre de ce texte, nous allons tout d’abord revenir brièvement sur les contextes institutionnels qui ont favorisé le développement de travaux sur ce thème au sein des équipes de recherche française et québécoise. Par la suite, nous mettrons l’accent sur les discussions consacrées à la nature même de l’objet de recherche « l’industrie culturelle », ainsi qu’à ses caractéristiques, voire ses spécificités. Après quoi, nous aborderons un autre enjeu de débat parmi les protagonistes, à savoir celui qui porte sur le concept de « logique sociale » (ou de « modèle »). Enfin, nous conclurons sur quelques questions restées en suspens en vue d’approfondir les recherches dans le domaine.

scholarly journals Dam Safety: Hazards Created by Human Failings and Actions

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-107
Author(s):  
Nasrat Adamo ◽  
Nadhir Al-Ansari ◽  
Varoujan Sissakian ◽  
Jan Laue ◽  
Sven Knutsson
Keyword(s):  
Remote Control ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Dam Safety ◽  
Industrial Control ◽  
Safety Hazards ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Normal Human

Dam Safety and dam incidents are treated here looked at from the “Human Factors” perspective. An attempt is made to explore these factors as an important drive in impairing dams’ safety and increases their risks. Distinction is drawn between the “Normal Human Caused Incidents” and the “Extraordinary Human Caused Incidents” together with the description of their root origins and subsequent consequences. The first type includes unintentional mistakes, errors and flaws committed by the operators of dams inadvertently, in addition to negligence, lack of experience or overconfidence. Such failings can happen in manual operation of dams, or through the use of their Supervision, Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems as in industrial control system (ICS). They can occur also due to flaws in software or even in the application of information and communication technology (ICT) in remote control operations. As for the second group; the extraordinary human factors, they are defined here as those committed by man with the full understanding of their possible damage. They are done purposely for destabilizing dams after thoughtful and carefully meditated decision making process and they are manifested in acts of war, sabotage and terrorists actions. In this modern age, these acts are characteristics of hackers’ attacks on dam(s) operating systems. This is done through the use of cyberspace by the widespread interconnected digital technology with the accompanying advances in the communication technologies. As such, these technologies have made remote control of such systems possible. Not limited to this, dams remain now, as they were always in the past, the obvious targets in wars and conflicts to inflict losses on the enemy and to use them as weapons, and for terrorism actions for challenging governments. Examples of the aforementioned threats are described with examples given from real cases to elucidate the dangers involved. Lessons to be learned from these incidents are derived and recommendations are presented to be followed to avoid risky situations.

scholarly journals Sticky models

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Harris ◽  
John Nott
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Medical Technologies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Historical Practices ◽  
The University

This paper explores the material histories which influence contemporary medical education. Using two obstetric simulators found in the distinct teaching environments of the University of Development Studies in the north of Ghana and Maastricht University in the south of the Netherlands, this paper deconstructs the material conditions which shape current practice in order to emphasise the past practices that remain relevant, yet often invisible, in modern medicine. Building on conceptual ideas drawn from STS and the productive tensions which emerge from close collaboration between historians and anthropologists, we argue that the pull of past practice can be understood as a form of friction, where historical practices ‘stick’ to modern materialities. We argue that the labour required for the translation of material conditions across both time and space is expressly relevant for the ongoing use and future development of medical technologies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document