Correction to: Liaoning Score for Prediction of Esophageal Varices in Cirrhotic Patients Who Had Never Undergone Endoscopy: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Liaoning Province, China

Background: Bleeding from esophageal varices is a life-threatening complication in cirrhosis. Screening endoscopy is recommended in cirrhotic patients to identify patients at risk of variceal hemorrhage, but this is an invasive procedure and has limitations. Therefore, thrombocytopenia has been proposed to predict the existence and grade of esophageal varices. The aim of the current study was to determine a correlation between platelet count and grades of esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the POF Hospital, Wah Cantt from 1st October, 2017 to 30th May, 2018. Newly diagnosed cases of cirrhosis having varices of any grade on endoscopy were included. Endoscopic findings of patients were standardized using Paquet grading system. On the basis of platelet count, patients were divided into four subgroups. Platelet count groups were correlated with grading of esophageal varices using Spearman rank correlations. Chi Square test was used to see association between the platelet count and grade of esophageal varices. Results: 110 patients were included in the study, 55.5% (n=61) were male. Mean age of the patients was 59.89±9.01 years. Platelet count was <50,000/uL in 35.5% patients, 50,000-99,000/uL in 26.4%, 100,000-150000 in 12.7%, and >150,000/uL in 25.5% patients. Grade I esophageal varices were found in 23.6% of patients, whereas grade II, III and IV were found in 24.5%, 33.6% and 18.2% of patients, respectively. Mean platelet count was 213884.62/mm3 in patients with grade I varices, whereas it was 119518.52/mm3, 58386.49/mm3 and 21600.00/mm3 in patients with grade II, III and IV varices, respectively (p=<0.0001). A significant negative correlation between platelet count and grades of esophageal varices was found (p<0.001). Conclusion: Platelet count can predict the grade of esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. There is significant negative correlation between platelet count and grades of esophageal varices.

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Platelet count can predict the grade of esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.28005.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

Anum Afsar ◽

Muhammad Nadeem ◽

Syed Asim Ali Shah ◽

Huma Hussain ◽

Aysha Rani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Esophageal Varices ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Variceal Hemorrhage ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Grade Ii ◽

Cirrhotic Patients

Background: Bleeding from esophageal varices is a life-threatening complication in cirrhosis. Screening endoscopy is recommended in cirrhotic patients to identify patients at risk of variceal hemorrhage, but this is an invasive procedure and has limitations. Therefore, thrombocytopenia has been proposed to predict the existence and grade of esophageal varices. The aim of the current study was to determine a correlation between platelet count and grades of esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the POF Hospital, Wah Cantt from 1st October, 2017 to 30th May, 2018. Newly diagnosed cases of cirrhosis having varices of any grade on endoscopy were included. Endoscopic findings of patients were standardized using Paquet grading system. On the basis of platelet count, patients were divided into four subgroups. Platelet count groups were correlated with grading of esophageal varices using Spearman rank correlations. Chi Square test was used to see association between the platelet count and grade of esophageal varices. Results: 110 patients were included in the study, 55.5% (n=61) were male. Mean age of the patients was 59.89±9.01 years. Platelet count was <50,000/uL in 35.5% patients, 50,000-99,000/uL in 26.4%, 100,000-150000 in 12.7%, and >150,000/uL in 25.5% patients. Grade I esophageal varices were found in 23.6% of patients, whereas grade II, III and IV were found in 24.5%, 33.6% and 18.2% of patients, respectively. Mean platelet count was 213884.62/mm3 in patients with grade I varices, whereas it was 119518.52/mm3, 58386.49/mm3 and 21600.00/mm3 in patients with grade II, III and IV varices, respectively (p=<0.0001). A significant negative correlation between platelet count and grades of esophageal varices was found (p<0.001). Conclusion: Platelet count can predict the grade of esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. There is significant negative correlation between platelet count and grades of esophageal varices.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy in Liaoning Province, China: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0121477 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. e0121477 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Yuedong Hu ◽

Weiping Teng ◽

Limin Liu ◽

Kang Chen ◽

Lei Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Liaoning Province ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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The magnitude and correlates of esophageal Varices among newly diagnosed cirrhotic patients undergoing screening fibre optic endoscope before incident bleeding in North-Western Tanzania; a cross-sectional study

BMC Gastroenterology ◽

10.1186/s12876-019-1123-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Daniel W. Gunda ◽

Semvua B. Kilonzo ◽

Zakhia Mamballah ◽

Paulina M. Manyiri ◽

David C. Majinge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Cirrhosis ◽

Esophageal Varices ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Endoscopic Examination ◽

Clinical Predictors ◽

Endoscopic Screening ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Northwestern Tanzania ◽

Cirrhotic Patients

Abstract Background Bleeding esophageal varices is a deadly complication of liver cirrhosis. Guidelines recommend an early diagnosis of esophageal varices before incident bleeding by screening all patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis. Though it has been reported elsewhere that the presence of esophageal varices varies widely among cirrhotic patients this has not been assessed in Tanzania since endoscopy is not readily available for routine use in our setting. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of esophageal varices and assess the utility of clinical parameters in predicting the presence of varices among cirrhotic patients in northwestern Tanzania. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of adult patients with liver cirrhosis was done at Bugando Medical Centre. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and endoscopic data were collected and analyzed using STATA 13. The presence of esophageal varices was detected using endoscopic examination and associated factors were assessed by logistic regression. The predictive value of clinical predictors was also assessed by calculating sensitivity and specificity. Results A total of 223 patients were enrolled, where 88 (39.5%; 95%CI: 33.0–45.9) had esophageal varices. The varices were independently associated with increased age (OR: 1.02; 95%CI: 1.0–1.04; p = 0.030); increased splenic diameter (OR:1.3; 95%CI:1.2–1.5; p < 0.001), increased portal vein diameter (OR:1.2; 95%CI: 1.07–1.4; p = 0.003), having ascites (OR: 3.0; 95%CI: 1.01–8.7; p = 0.046), and advanced liver disease (OR: 2.9; 95%CI: 1.3–6.7; p = 0.008). PSDR least performed in predicting varices, (AUC: 0.382; 95%CI: 0.304–0.459; cutoff: < 640; Sensitivity: 58.0%; 95%CI: 46.9–68.4; specificity: 57.0%; 95%CI: 48.2–65.5). SPD had better prediction; (AUC: 0.713; 95%CI: 0.646–0.781; cut off: > 15.2 cm; sensitivity: 65.9%; (95% CI: 55–75.7 and specificity:65.2%; 95%CI: 56.5–73.2), followed by PVD, (AUC: 0.6392; 95%CI: 0.566–0.712;cutoff: > 1.45 cm; sensitivity: 62.5%; 95CI: 51.5–72.6; specificity: 61.5%; 95%CI: 52.7–69.7). Conclusion Esophageal varices were prevalent among cirrhotic patients, most of which were at risk of bleeding. The non-invasive prediction of varices was not strong enough to replace endoscopic diagnosis. However, the predictors in this study can potentially assist in the selection of patients at high risk of having varices and prioritize them for endoscopic screening and appropriate management.

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Association between sleep time and depression: a cross-sectional study from countries in rural Northeastern China

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060517701034 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 984-992 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jiang Mohan ◽

Guo Xiaofan ◽

Sun Yingxian

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Liaoning Province ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Long Sleep ◽

Patient Health

Objective To investigate the current situation of sleep status and examine its association with depression among counties in rural areas of Liaoning Province, China. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2012 to August 2013 in Northeast China. A total of 11,276 subjects aged ≥35 years were surveyed and completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9; each participant answered questions about their sleep duration. Results For individuals with a sleep time of ≤6, 6–7, 7–8, 8–9, and ≥9 h, the respective risk of depression was 10.8%, 3.7%, 2.6%, 2.7%, and 5.7% in subjects younger than 65 years old and 15.2%, 5.4%, 3.2%, 6.5%, and 8.6% in those 65 years old or older. Conclusion In the rural population of Liaoning Province, sleep duration and depression are closely related. Both short sleep and long sleep are risk factors for depression. Optimizing sleep status may contribute to good physical and mental health.

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467: TIMELY ALBUMIN INFUSION MAY IMPROVE SURVIVAL IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS: A U.S. CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Critical Care Medicine ◽

10.1097/01.ccm.0000808192.37106.86 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 224-224

Author(s):

W. Ray Kim ◽

Karthik. Raghunathan ◽

Greg Martin ◽

E. Anne Davis ◽

Navreet Sindhwani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Albumin Infusion ◽

Cirrhotic Patients

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Associations of workplace violence and psychological capital with depressive symptoms and burn-out among doctors in Liaoning, China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024186 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. e024186 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Guoyuan Sui ◽

Guangcong Liu ◽

Lianqun Jia ◽

Lie Wang ◽

Guanlin Yang

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Emotional Exhaustion ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Psychological Capital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Psychological Aggression ◽

Liaoning Province ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Burn Out

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to (1) Identify the prevalence of workplace violence among doctors in Liaoning, China. (2) Examine the relationships between workplace violence and psychological capital with depressive symptoms and burn-out in Chinese doctors.DesignA quantitative, cross-sectional study.SettingEight hospitals in Liaoning Province were surveyed using a self-reported questionnaire.ParticipantsThe study population comprised 1800 doctors. Ultimately 1392 doctors completed valid questionnaires with a response rate of 77.3%.ResultsThe prevalence of workplace violence was 77.5%. Compared with other types of workplace violence, the prevalence of psychological aggression was the highest (72.7%). Workplace violence (depressive symptoms:β[95% CI]=0.11 [0.06, 0.16]; emotional exhaustion:β[95% CI]=0.18 [0.13, 0.23]; depersonalisation:β[95% CI]=0.17 [0.12, 0.22]) and psychological capital (depressive symptoms:β[95% CI]=−0.32 [−0.37, –0.27]; emotional exhaustion:β[95% CI]=−0.23 [−0.28, –0.18]; depersonalisation:β[95% CI]=−0.23 [−0.28, –0.18]) were associated with depressive symptoms and burn-out. Workplace violence increased the level of depressive symptoms and burn-out by damaging psychological capital (depressive symptoms: a*b=1.61, bias-corrected and accelerated [BCa] 95% CI 1.08 to 2.25; emotional exhaustion: a*b=1.29, BCa 95% CI 0.86 to 1.83; depersonalisation: a*b=0.70, BCa 95% CI 0.45 to 1.00).ConclusionsIn China, most doctors will be exposed to workplace violence, especially psychological aggression. A safer work environment and psychological capital development may be considered in prevention and treatment strategies for improving mental health.

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