Providing instrumental social support is more beneficial to reduce mortality risk among the elderly with low educational level in Taiwan: A 12-year follow-up national longitudinal study

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-C. Liao ◽  
C.-J. Yeh ◽  
S.-H. Lee ◽  
W.-C. Liao ◽  
M.-Y. Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Instrumental Social Support

scholarly journals A longitudinal study over 40 years to study the metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Lind ◽  
Johan Sundström ◽  
Johan Ärnlöv ◽  
Ulf Risérus ◽  
Erik Lampa
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over 40 Years

AbstractThe impact of most, but not all, cardiovascular risk factors decline by age. We investigated how the metabolic syndrome (MetS) was related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) during 40 years follow-up in the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM, 2,123 men all aged 50 at baseline with reinvestigations at age 60, 70, 77 and 82). The strength of MetS as a risk factor of incident combined end-point of three outcomes (CVD) declined with ageing, as well as for myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke and heart failure when analysed separately. For CVD, the risk ratio declined from 2.77 (95% CI 1.90–4.05) at age 50 to 1.30 (95% CI 1.05–1.60) at age 82. In conclusion, the strength of MetS as a risk factor of incident CVD declined with age. Since MetS was significantly related to incident CVD also at old age, our findings suggest that the occurrence of MetS in the elderly should not be regarded as innocent. However, since our data were derived in an observational study, any impact of MetS in the elderly needs to be verified in a randomized clinical intervention trial.

Determinants of cognitive impairment over time among the elderly in Taiwan: results of the national longitudinal study

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. S53-S57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Hua Yen ◽  
Chih-Jung Yeh ◽  
Cheng-Ching Wang ◽  
Wen-Chun Liao ◽  
Shuan-Chih Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Going through the lockdown: a longitudinal study on the psychological consequences of the coronavirus pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Gullo ◽  
Ilaria Misici ◽  
Arianna Teti ◽  
Michele Liuzzi ◽  
Enrico Chiara
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Data Points

Coronavirus 2019 pandemic lockdown in Italy lasted for 2 months, 1 week and 2 days. During this long period, one of the longest in Europe, the restrictions produced effects on people’s psychological well-being, with consequences that also continued after lockdown. The purpose of the study is to investigate these effects and how they changed in the general population over a period of time. We are also interested in exploring people’s post-lockdown anxiety and concerns. We conducted an online survey using snowball sampling techniques. The longitudinal study consisted of four administrations covering a period of 10 weeks between April (baseline) and June (last follow-up). Levels of anxiety and depression were assessed by GAD-7 and PHQ-9, coping strategies were assessed by Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) and social support was assessed by MSPSS. Post-lockdown anxiety was explored by developing a set of ad-hoc questions. PCA was used to determine the principal categories of post-lockdown anxiety/concern resulting from the ad-hoc questions. Longitudinal data, given their nested structure, were analyzed through mixed modeling. Of the 411 responders at baseline, 169 had at least 3 out of 4 data points; the analysis was therefore conducted on this sample. Levels of depression and anxiety were found to be significantly higher in the study sample in comparison with normative samples for each of the fourtime points; levels of coping showed that scores from the study sample were significantly lower than normative data at all-time points. Levels of perceived social support were significantly lower than normative data at the baseline and the first follow-up. The results of the study suggest that the lockdown experience had enduring consequences on the mental health of individuals. Prevention and support interventions to limit the psychological distress caused by COVID-19 should be taken into consideration in countries experiencing a second wave of the pandemic.

scholarly journals Caregiver Burden is Reduced by Personalized Social Support for Non-Dependent Old Persons: a Longitudinal Study of 876 Old Persons and Their Caregivers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Arlotto ◽  
Stéphanie Gentile ◽  
Anne Claire Durand ◽  
Sylvie Bonin-Guillaume
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Meal Preparation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background . Informal care provided by family caregivers to old persons is associated with a high risk of burden and poor health status. This study aimed to analyze the impact of Personalized Social Support (PSS) for non-dependent old persons living in the community on caregiver burden, satisfaction, and frailty. Methods . This non-interventional longitudinal study was performed in the southeast of France: old persons asking for PSS (>70 years of age, with no disability and no severe chronic disease, living at home) and their caregivers were included with a 6-month follow-up. Eligible dyads were visited at home by social workers. Caregiver burden was assessed with Mini-Zarit and frailty status with FiND (Frail Non-Disabled). Results . 876 dyads were eligible for PSS. Old persons were 82.2 ± 5.8 years old and 77.6% were women. Most caregivers were women (64.5%). Most caregivers were the children of the old person (61%), the rest were mostly spouses. Nearly 64% of old persons were frail and 38% were highly dependent. Follow-up was conducted for 686 dyads (78.3%). Of these, only 569 had PSS. The PSS was mainly for housework and meal preparation. At the time of follow-up, 53% of the caregivers for whom the old person had PSS had less difficulty helping their old person. Two-thirds (61.5%) of caregivers were fully satisfied with the PSS. Whether or not they had received the PSS, 73% of caregivers had reduced burden at 6 months, only 6% still had a high burden, 17% were less frail, and 18% felt healthier than at the time of inclusion. Conclusions . Our study highlights that non-dependent old person’s caregivers also experience burden. Implementing social support for activities of daily living had a major impact on their burden but not on their level of frailty. This means that the determinants of caregiver frailty are more complex and further studies are needed. Keywords: Caregiver’s burden. Old person. Personalized social support .

Spirituality, health and well-being in the elderly

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1741-1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orestes V. Forlenza ◽  
Homero Vallada
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Theories Of Aging ◽  
Goal Adjustment ◽  
Flexible Goal Adjustment ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Daily Spiritual Experience Scale

Bailly et al. (2018) examined the trajectory of spirituality in a cohort of 567 non-institutionalized older adults living in Tours, France, during a period of five years. The measurements for spirituality (Daily Spiritual Experience Scale, DES), social support (Satisfaction with Social Support subscale of the Duke Social Support Index), and accommodative tendencies (Flexible Goal Adjustment) were longitudinally collected at three time points (2007, 2009, and 2012). The results of the study confirmed some expected observations, such as higher levels of spirituality among religious older adults when compared with the ones without religion, and older women reporting higher levels of spirituality than older men. But the most interesting finding was the observation that the measured levels of spirituality among older adults remained stable during this five-year period. Based on a growing number of studies and theories of aging suggesting that the levels of spirituality increases during a person's lifetime, one would expect an increase in the levels of spirituality along the study follow-up. The authors, however, interpreted the stable level of spirituality informed by the participants as having already reached a relatively high mean rating score of spirituality at baseline. From the beginning of the trail, many participants expressed self-contentment and reported having found meaning in their lives. Moreover, the responders had, in general, more years of education than expected for people in their age group, lived at home independently with a good self-health evaluation, had relatively fewer diseases, and a good perception of financial satisfaction; these characteristics perhaps make this group not representative of the French general population in the same age bracket.

scholarly journals Caregiver Burden is Reduced by Personalized Social Support for Non-Dependent Old Persons: a Longitudinal Study of 876 Old Persons and Their Caregivers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Arlotto ◽  
Stéphanie Gentile ◽  
Anne Claire Durand ◽  
Sylvie Bonin-Guillaume
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Meal Preparation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background. Informal care provided by family caregivers to old persons is associated with a high risk of burden and poor health status. This study aimed to analyze the impact of Personalized Social Support (PSS) for non-dependent old persons living in the community on caregiver burden, satisfaction, and frailty. Methods. This non-interventional longitudinal study was performed in the southeast of France: old persons asking for PSS (>70 years of age, with no disability and no severe chronic disease, living at home) and their caregivers were included with a 6-month follow-up. Eligible dyads were visited at home by social workers. Caregiver burden was assessed with Mini-Zarit and frailty status with FiND (Frail Non-Disabled).Results. 876 dyads were eligible for PSS. Old persons were 82.2 ± 5.8 years old and 77.6% were women. Most caregivers were women (64.5%). Most caregivers were the children of the old person (61%), the rest were mostly spouses. Nearly 64% of old persons were frail and 38% were highly dependent. Follow-up was conducted for 686 dyads (78.3%). Of these, only 569 had PSS. The PSS was mainly for housework and meal preparation. At the time of follow-up, 53% of the caregivers for whom the old person had PSS had less difficulty helping their old person. Two-thirds (61.5%) of caregivers were fully satisfied with the PSS. Whether or not they had received the PSS, 73% of caregivers had reduced burden at 6 months, only 6% still had a high burden, 17% were less frail, and 18% felt healthier than at the time of inclusion.Conclusions. Our study highlights that non-dependent old person’s caregivers also experience burden. Implementing social support for activities of daily living had a major impact on their burden but not on their level of frailty. This means that the determinants of caregiver frailty are more complex and further studies are needed.

The Elderly Nutritional Index for Geriatric Malnutrition Assessment (ENIGMA): concurrent, construct and predictive validity in an external evaluation cohort of community-dwelling older persons

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Tze Pin Ng ◽  
Shan Hai ◽  
Qi Gao ◽  
Xinyi Gwee ◽  
Denise QL Chua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Dependency ◽  
External Evaluation ◽  
Nutritional Index

Abstract We previously developed a malnutrition risk index, the Elderly Nutritional Index for Geriatric Malnutrition Assessment (ENIGMA) with good predictive accuracy for mortality risk in an original population cohort (SLAS1). Herein, we further evaluate the concurrent and predictive validity of the ENIGMA construct in an external validation cohort (SLAS-2) of 2824 community-dwelling older adults aged 55+. They were assessed on the ENIGMA index, Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) and the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), known correlates of malnutrition, and baseline and follow-up functional dependency and 10-year mortality risk. Higher ENIGMA risk categories were significantly associated (p<0.001) with lower education, living alone, smoking, low physical activity, BMI <18.5kg/m2, poorer muscle strength and functional mobility, exhaustion, physical frailty, homocysteine, eGFR, haemoglobin, red and white blood cell counts, platelets, systemic inflammation indexes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms (GDS≥5). ENIGMA scores showed statistically significant (p<0.001) correlations but low-to-moderate concordance with MNA-SF (r=0.148, agreement=45.9%, kappa=0.085) and GNRI scores (r=0.156, agreement=45.8%, kappa=0.096). Controlling for known correlates of malnutrition, only high-risk ENIGMA among the indexes significantly predicted baseline functional dependency (OR=1.64, 95%CI 1.01-2.65) and mortality (HR=1.65 (95%CI 1.04, 2.62). ENIGMA marginally out-performed MNA-SF and GNRI in predicting baseline functional dependency (AUC: 0.625 vs 0.584 vs 0.526), follow up functional dependency (AUC: 0.594 vs 0.525 vs 0.479) and 10-year mortality risk (AUC: 0.641 vs 0.596 vs 0.595). The concurrent and predictive validity of the ENIGMA construct is replicated in an external evaluation study of community-dwelling older persons.

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