Efficient algorithms to minimize the end-to-end latency of edge network function virtualization

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 3963-3974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karanbir Singh Ghai ◽  
Salimur Choudhury ◽  
Abdulsalam Yassine
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Algorithms ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Edge Network ◽  
End To End

scholarly journals Intent-Based End-to-End Network Service Orchestration System for Multi-Platforms

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeel Rafiq ◽  
Asif Mehmood ◽  
Talha Ahmed Khan ◽  
Khizar Abbas ◽  
Muhammad Afaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Service ◽  
Service Orchestration ◽  
Network Function ◽  
5G Network ◽  
Level Information ◽  
End To End ◽  
High Level

On-demand service is the main feature of the 5G network, and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) provides it by virtualizing the existing 5G network infrastructure. NFV crafts various virtual networks on a shared physical network, but one of the core challenges in future 5G networks is to automate the modeling of Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) and end-to-end Network Service (NS) orchestration with less human interaction. Traditionally, the descriptor of VNF and NS is created manually, which requires expert-level skills. This manual approach has a big threat of human error, which can be avoided by using the Intent-Based Networking (IBN) approach. The IBN approach eliminates the requirement of expertise for designing VNFs and NS by taking users’ intentions as an input. In this paper, the proposed system presents the Intent Management System for VNF modeling and end-to-end NS orchestration for multi-platforms. This system takes the high-level information related to a specific service, configures it accordingly, and converts it into the selected platform. The proposed system is tested using Mobile Central Office Re-architected as Data Center (M-CORD) and Open-Source Management and Orchestration (OSM) orchestrators. The results section shows that the proposed system reduces the effort of the end-user in creating network slices and provides seamless end-to-end service orchestration.

scholarly journals Towards Optimal Parallelism-Aware Service Chaining and Embedding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danyang Zheng ◽  
Gangxiang Shen ◽  
Xiaojun Cao ◽  
Biswanath Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Propagation Delay ◽  
Approximate Algorithm ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Propagation Delays ◽  
Additional Processing ◽  
Processing Delay ◽  
End To End ◽  
Multiple Network ◽  
Service Latency

<div>Emerging 5G technologies can significantly reduce end-to-end service latency for applications requiring strict quality of service (QoS). With network function virtualization (NFV), to complete a client’s request from those applications, the client’s data can sequentially go through multiple service functions (SFs) for processing/analysis but introduce additional processing delay. To reduce the processing delay from the serially-running SFs, network function parallelism (NFP) that allows multiple SFs to run in parallel is introduced. In this work, we study how to apply NFP into the SF chaining and embedding process such that the latency, including processing and propagation delays, can be jointly minimized. We introduce a novel augmented graph to address the parallel relationship constraint among the required SFs. Considering parallel relationship constraints, we propose a novel problem called parallelism-aware service function chaining and embedding (PSFCE). For this problem, we propose a near-optimal maximum parallel block gain (MPBG) first optimization algorithm when computing resources at each physical node are enough to host the required SFs. When computing resources are limited, we propose a logarithm-approximate algorithm, called parallelism-aware SFs deployment (PSFD), to jointly optimize processing and propagation delays. We conduct extensive simulations on multiple network scenarios to evaluate the performances of our schemes. Accordingly, we find that (i) MPBG is near-optimal, (ii) the optimization of end-to-end service latency largely depends on the processing delay in small networks and is impacted more by the propagation delay in large networks, and (iii) PSFD outperforms the schemes directly extended from existing works regarding end-to-end latency.</div>

scholarly journals An Availability-Enhanced Service Function Chain Placement Scheme in Network Function Virtualization

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Yansen Xu ◽  
Ved P. Kafle
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Network Services ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Placement Problem ◽  
Service Function ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Multiple Substrate ◽  
Service Function Chain ◽  
End To End

A service function chain (SFC) is an ordered virtual network function (VNF) chain for processing traffic flows to deliver end-to-end network services in a virtual networking environment. A challenging problem for an SFC in this context is to determine where to deploy VNFs and how to route traffic between VNFs of an SFC on a substrate network. In this paper, we formulate an SFC placement problem as an integer linear programing (ILP) model, and propose an availability-enhanced VNF placing scheme based on the layered graphs approach. To improve the availability of SFC deployment, our scheme distributes VNFs of an SFC to multiple substrate nodes to avoid a single point of failure. We conduct numerical analysis and computer simulation to validate the feasibility of our SFC scheme. The results show that the proposed scheme outperforms well in different network scenarios in terms of end-to-end delay of the SFC and computation time cost.

scholarly journals Resource Allocation in 4G and 5G Networks: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lavanya-Nehan Degambur ◽  
Avinash Mungur ◽  
Sheeba Armoogum ◽  
Sameerchand Pudaruth
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Architectures ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Memory Space ◽  
Network Function ◽  
5G Network ◽  
End To End

The advent of 4G and 5G broadband wireless networks brings several challenges with respect to resource allocation in the networks. In an interconnected network of wireless devices, users, and devices, all compete for scarce resources which further emphasizes the fair and efficient allocation of those resources for the proper functioning of the networks. The purpose of this study is to discover the different factors that are involved in resource allocation in 4G and 5G networks. The methodology used was an empirical study using qualitative techniques by performing literature reviews on the state of art in 4G and 5G networks, analyze their respective architectures and resource allocation mechanisms, discover parameters, criteria and provide recommendations. It was observed that resource allocation is primarily done with radio resource in 4G and 5G networks, owing to their wireless nature, and resource allocation is measured in terms of delay, fairness, packet loss ratio, spectral efficiency, and throughput. Minimal consideration is given to other resources along the end-to-end 4G and 5G network architectures. This paper defines more types of resources, such as electrical energy, processor cycles and memory space, along end-to-end architectures, whose allocation processes need to be emphasized owing to the inclusion of software defined networking and network function virtualization in 5G network architectures. Thus, more criteria, such as electrical energy usage, processor cycle, and memory to evaluate resource allocation have been proposed.  Finally, ten recommendations have been made to enhance resource allocation along the whole 5G network architecture.

scholarly journals A Multi-Provider End-to-End Dynamic Orchestration Architecture Approach for 5G and Future Communication Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11914
Author(s):  
José Olimpio Rodrigues Batista ◽  
Douglas Chagas da Silva ◽  
Moacyr Martucci ◽  
Regina Melo Silveira ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Cugnasca
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Network Function ◽  
End To End ◽  
Horizontal Handover

Network segregation is the solution adopted in the IMT-2020 standardization of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), better known as 5G networks (Fifth Generation Mobile Networks), under development to meet the requirements of performance, reliability, energy, and economic efficiency required by applications in the various verticals of current and near-future economic activities. The philosophy adopted for the IMT-2020 standardization relies on the use of Software-Defined Networking (SDN), Network Function Virtualization (NFV), and Software-Defined Radio (SDR), i.e., the softwarization of the network. Softwarization allows network segregation through its slicing, which is discussed herein this work. Network slicing is performed by a novel Orchestrator, as provided in IMT-2020, which maintains the end-to-end network slices independent of each other and performs horizontal handover when the possibility of a loss of Quality of Service (QoS) is predictively detected by monitoring quality parameters during operation. Therefore, the Orchestrator is dynamic, operates in uptime, and allows horizontal handover. Hence, it chooses the most appropriate telecommunication infrastructure provider and network operator to guarantee QoS and Quality of Experience (QoE) to end-users in each network segment. These features make this work modern and keep it aligned with the actions being carried out by ITU. Based on this objective, as the main result of this paper, we propose an effective architecture for implementing the Orchestrator, not only to contribute to the state of the art for 5G and beyond communication systems but also to generate economic, technological, and social impacts.

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