scholarly journals Influence of tebuconazole and copper hydroxide on phosphatase and urease activities in red sandy loam and black clay soils

3 Biotech ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Anuradha ◽  
A. Rekhapadmini ◽  
V. Rangaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Black Clay

scholarly journals Changes in availability and uptake of soil phosphorus influenced by management practices and crop growth stages under peanut cultivation in medium black clay soil of Saurashtra region, Gujarat

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1781-1787
Author(s):  
R.S. Yadav ◽  
◽  
H.N. Meena ◽  
N.K. Jain ◽  
D. Bhaduri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
Black Clay ◽  
Raised Bed

Aim: To investigate efficient utilization of soil phosphorus for peanut nutrition through integration of management practices in medium black clay soils of Saurashtra region in Gujarat. Methodology: Soil phosphorus availability and uptake by peanut plants were assessed at five plant growth stages under six different management practices in Kharif season. The availability of soil P was estimated by Olsen P and Resin P extraction methods. The biomass production and phosphorus uptake at each growth stages were observed in order to draw the relationship between these parameters.? Results: The management practices like raised bed with polythene mulch, integrated and organic nutrient management was consistently found promising for enhanced availability and uptake of soil phosphorus under peanut cultivation. The Olsen P decreased with plant growth under all the management options, except organic and integrated nutrient management practices.? In contrary, the resin P generally increased with plant growth, especially under inorganic and organic nutrient management and raised bed with polythene mulch practices. Irrespective of growth stages, the phosphorus uptake by peanut plants was significantly and strongly correlated with biomass production (r=0.85, p<0.01) and Olsen P (r=0.41, P<0.05).? Interpretation: The results indicate that phosphorus requirement of peanut plants can be efficiently met by integrating land and nutrient management practices in these medium black clay soils.

Effect of biochar amendment on sorption-desorption and dissipation of 17α‑ethinylestradiol in sandy loam and clay soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 959-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Wei ◽  
Jim J. Wang ◽  
Amy B. Hernandez ◽  
Andrea Warren ◽  
Jong-hwan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Biochar Amendment

Salt Composition of Clay Soils and Its Variation with Long-term Water Filtration in Republic of Kalmykia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Anatoly A. DORDZHIEV ◽  
Anatoly G. DORDZHIEV ◽  
Mergen M. SANGADZHIEV ◽  
Leonid M. RUBEKO ◽  
Victor A. ONKAEV
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Salt Composition ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
The Republic

Knowledge of soils types in a certain area allows to predict the stability of the system. Therefore, the purpose of the work is to determine the salt composition of clayey soils and its variation with long-term water filtration, for example, the Republic of Kalmykia. For a detailed study of the topic, the authors carried out various experiments that were based on physico-chemical analyzes of samples and monoliths selected from different regions of Kalmykia. For this, water-soluble salts found in clay soils were considered. Basically, these are three groups: readily soluble, mildly soluble and hardly soluble. Chemical analyzes of chloride, sulphate and carbonate salts of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium were conducted on the basis of the Kalmyk State University. Separately attention was paid to the ion-exchange process and, in particular, to the transition from the solid phase to the pore solution. In connection with the strong mineralization of groundwater in the republic, the monoliths are mineralized to 10-20 g / l and in terms of chemical composition, chloride-sodium and sulfate-chloride. Calcium carbonates and gypsum are considered separately depending on the depth of the monolith. On the basis of the experiments carried out, plots of the dependence were plotted in different mineral constituents. It has been established that in gypsum and gypsum-bearing rocks the correlation coefficients for loam and sandy loam are low. The desalinization factor is more than 50%, and the desalinization is uneven in all monoliths taken from different depths. In sandy loam these parameters are lower by 20%. Separately, the parameters of exchange of mineral, disperse composition and the presence of organic substances are considered. The results will allow engineers, designers, practitioners and students to use the results in their daily work.

Effects of some soil conditions on sugar-beet seedling emergence

1972 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Longden
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Conditioners ◽  
Water Holding

SUMMARYSeven soil conditioners added to a sandy clay soil at Saxmundham did not benefit sugar-beet seedling emergence in four experiments in 3 years. In microplots at Broom's Barn free draining peat and sandy loam gave consistently more seedlings than limestone loam or flinty loam. In the laboratory, for each of three soil types, emergence was maximal only for a small soil moisture range and decreased rapidly when soils became drier or wetter. This suggests that conditioners which increase water-holding capacity should be tested on sandy loams rather than clay soils and that seed-bed preparation on heavier soils should seek to aerate the soil.

scholarly journals Selection of the optimal composition for the device of the base of the pavement from soils treated with inorganic binder, during the construction of the entrance from the highway M-25 Novorossiysk – Kerch Strait to Kerch and the dry cargo area of the sea port of Taman on the section km 0 – km 42

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim Katasonov ◽  
Andrey Kochetkov ◽  
Dmitriy Gofman ◽  
Vladimir Kuxhausen
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Reinforced Cement ◽  
Soil Units ◽  
Main Component

When strengthening clay soils, cement acts as a structure-forming agent and is the main component of the mixture, providing the creation of the crystallization structure of the material. In the formation of this structure is a qualitative change in the natural properties of the soil. The introduction of cement into the clay soil leads to a significant reduction in the amount of macropores by filling the space between the soil units with hydration products, which in turn leads to a decrease in the permeability of the material. Soils with a high content of clay minerals are difficult to strengthen due to the tendency to clumping. This is confirmed by experiments in which it was found that the strength of the clay sandy loam reinforced cement above the loam and clay with the introduction of the same amount. Inactive or low-active zone in loam and clay corresponds to low costs of binder, which may be due to the uneven distribution of cement in clay soils, as well as low strength of soil aggregates, the surface of which does not interact with the products of hydration. The use of only Portland cement in the strengthening of heavy clays (the number of plasticity is not more than 27) is not enough to achieve high physical and technical properties, and, consequently, the production of high-quality road construction materials is possible only with the introduction of various modifying additives. When selecting the composition, several variants of cohesive soils and the percentage of inorganic binders (cement, Portland cement) were considered.

scholarly journals Pretreatment of soil samples before NO3-N analysis.

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
T. Breimer ◽  
J.H.G. Slangen
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Room Temperature Storage ◽  
N Level ◽  
Temperature Storage ◽  
Long Storage

Storage of sandy, loam and clay soil samples at 35 deg C or 70 deg C for 2-3 days reduced the NO3-N level in the soils. Freezing (-20 deg C), refrigeration (-4 deg C) or storage at room temperature for 2-3 days had little effect on NO3-N levels, although low or room temperature storage for 2 months increased NO3-N levels in the loam and clay soils. Freezing or refrigeration of the sandy soil for 2 months reduced NO3-N levels, while long storage at room temperature markedly increased NO3-N levels in this highly organic soil. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Agropyron scabrum and its role in the epidemiology of Puccinia graminis in north-eastern Australia

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 789 ◽  
Author(s):  
RG Rees
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Formae Speciales ◽  
Black Clay ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern

The perennial A. scabrum var. plurinerve is an important graminaceous host for P. graminis f. sp. tritici in north-eastern Australia. Rust uredosori were present on the grass in at least some localities during a 3-year period. The grass is of particular significance in the oversummering of P. grarninis f. sp. tritici, supplementing survival on volunteer cereals. Two distinct forms of the variety plurinerve have been identified. One is largely confined to the heavy black clay soils of the Darling Downs and parts of northern New South Wales and is of particular importance in the epidemiology of P. graminis. P. graminis f. sp. tritici, P. graminis f. sp. secalis, and a range of intermediate types occur on the grass, which is apparently a convenient site for somatic hybridization between different formae speciales and strains of P. graminis. P. graminis f. sp. tritici is particularly prevalent on the grass during the summer while the wheat-avirulent intermediate types normally predominate during the balance of the year. The occasional isolation of older strains of P. graminis f. sp. tritici from A. scabrum var. plurinerve suggests that development on the grass acts to some extent as a gene reservoir for the rust population.

Wheat root penetration and total available water on a range of soil types

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (81) ◽  
pp. 570 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Tennant
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Consistent Pattern ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Root Penetration

Depth of root penetration was examined over three years on a range of soil types in Western Australia. A consistent pattern was recognized. Roots penetrated rapidly to 5 to 10 cm from the soil surface within the first week from planting. Subsequent penetration was slow to 6 weeks, at which stage, depending on soil types, depth of root penetration was 15 to 30 cm. Rates of root penetration increased after 6 weeks from planting with greatest penetration occurring between 8 to 13 weeks. Respective maximum depths of root penetration in the deep sand, sandy loam, grey clay and sand over clay soils investigated were 169, 173, 31 and 73 cm. These depths were reached between 10 to 14 weeks after planting. Potential available soil water to maximum depths of root penetration were 2.6, 20.1, 5.6 and 8.1 cm for the deep sand, sandy loam, grey clay and sand over clay respectively. More than half of this available soil water was accessible for crop exploitation over the 9 to 14 week period after planting, except with shallow water and root penetration in the grey clay.

Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the seed yield and oil concentration of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and the prediction of responses by soil tests and past paddock use

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 713 ◽  
Author(s):  
DC Lewis ◽  
TD Potter ◽  
SE Weckert ◽  
IL Grant
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Nitrogen Response ◽  
Black Clay ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

The response of oilseed rape to applied nitrogen and phosphorus was investigated in 2 areas of the South East of South Australia. The nitrogen rates applied varied from 0 to 50 kg/ha, while phosphorus rates applied in the Mundulla area ranged from 0 to 20 kg/ha and 0 to 34 kg/ha in the Millicent area. At 9 sites in the Mundulla area, where soils were primarily sandy loam over clay, oilseed rape yields were increased significantly by applied nitrogen at 7 sites and by applied phosphorus at 2 sites. On heavy black clay and peat soils in the Millicent area, oilseed rape yields were increased significantly by applied nitrogen at 5 of the 12 sites and by applied phosphorus at 6 sites. Of the measured soil variables, anaerobic ammonium nitrogen measured in the top 10 cm best predicted responses in seed yield to applied nitrogen. The critical nutrient range was 45-65 mg/kg. The response of oilseed rape to applied nitrogen was highly correlated with past paddock use but varied between the 2 areas. From the prediction equations developed, it was concluded that, in the Mundulla area, a significant (P< 0.05) nitrogen response was likely if the oilseed rape followed 2 or more crops, the last a non-legume, but was unlikely if the oilseed rape followed 1 or more years of pasture. At Millicent, a nitrogen response was likely if the oilseed rape was grown as the sixth crop in a continuous cropping program, and was unlikely if it was the first or second crop in the rotation, provided the preceding crop was a non-legume. The response of oilseed rape to applied phosphorus was highly correlated to extractable soil phosphorus measured in the top 10 cm (Colwell). The critical nutrient range was 20-25 mg/kg for the sandy loam soils at Mundulla and 40-50 mg/kg for the black clay and peat soils at Millicent. Nitrogen applications significantly increased seed oil content at 6 sites, significantly decreased it at 2 sites and had no effect at 13 sites. Phosphorus significantly increased seed oil content at only 1 site, significantly decreased it at 3 sites, and had no effect at the other 17 sites.

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