Cerebral radiation injury and changes in the brain tissues of rat models with glioma

Tumor Biology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 2379-2382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Sha ◽  
Qian Cao ◽  
Li Lv ◽  
Guoguang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Injury ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Tissues

Characterization of Ischemic Stroke in CT Images using Image Processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Amal Alzain ◽  
Suhaib Alameen ◽  
Rani Elmaki ◽  
Mohamed E. M. Gar-Elnabi
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Gray Level ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Interactive Data ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Tissues

This study concern to characterize the brain tissues to ischemic stroke, gray matter, white matter and CSF using texture analysisto extract classification features from CT images. The First Order Statistic techniques included sevenfeatures. To find the gray level variation in CT images it complements the FOS features extracted from CT images withgray level in pixels and estimate the variation of thesubpatterns. analyzing the image with Interactive Data Language IDL software to measure the grey level of images. The results show that the Gray Level variation and   features give classification accuracy of ischemic stroke 97.6%, gray matter95.2%, white matter 97.3% and the CSF classification accuracy 98.0%. The overall classification accuracy of brain tissues 97.0%.These relationships are stored in a Texture Dictionary that can be later used to automatically annotate new CT images with the appropriate brain tissues names.

A fingerprint of amyloid plaques in a bitransgenic animal model of Alzheimer's disease obtained by statistical unmixing analysis of hyperspectral Raman data

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (23) ◽  
pp. 7049-7056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson A. Fonseca ◽  
Lucas Lafetá ◽  
Renan Cunha ◽  
Hudson Miranda ◽  
João Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Amyloid Plaques ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Tissues

We have found different Raman signatures of AB fibrils and in brain tissues from unmixed analysis, providing a detailed image of amyloid plaques in the brain, with the potential to be used as biomarkers.

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen pretreatment on brain antioxidant capacity in rats with decompression sickness

2021 ◽  
pp. 287-295
Author(s):  
Ya Li ◽  
◽  
Xiaona Xu ◽  
Junxiang Bao Bao ◽  
Wenlan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Brain Tissues

Objective: Decompression sickness (DCS) causes serious brain hypoxic-ischemic injury. This experiment was designed to observe whether hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) pretreatment played a neuroprotective effect in decompression sickness rat models and to explore the mechanism of protective effects. Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were pretreated with HBO2 and then underwent decompression to establish the DCS rat model. Antioxidant capacities were evaluated by detecting peroxides (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in brains. The levels of metal elements manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg) in brain tissues were assessed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Necrosis and apoptosis of neurons were assessed by H-E staining and immunohistochemical staining. Results: HBO2 pretreatment reduced the degree of necrosis and apoptosis in brain tissues of decompression sickness rat models. In addition, HBO2 pretreatment increased GPx, SOD and CAT activities and reduced MDA accumulation. It also increased the content of Mn, Zn, Fe and Mg in brain tissue, which are all related to free radical metabolism. Conclusion: These results suggested that HBO2 pretreatment has protective effects on brain injury of rats with decompression sickness. The mechanism of the protective effects may be related to reducing oxidative damage by affecting metal elements in vivo.

Quantitative magnetic resonance and isotopic imaging: Early evaluation of radiation injury to the brain

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Miot ◽  
Didier Hoffschir ◽  
Dominique Pontvert ◽  
Genevieve Gaboriaud ◽  
Claire Alapetite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Radiation Injury ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Quantitative Magnetic Resonance ◽  
The Brain

Proteomic analysis of the brain tissues from a transgenic mouse model of amyloid β oligomers

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaoki Takano ◽  
Kouji Maekura ◽  
Mieko Otani ◽  
Keiji Sano ◽  
Tooru Nakamura-Hirota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Transgenic Mouse ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Transgenic Mouse Model ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Tissues

scholarly journals ПОВЕДІНКОВА АКТИВНІСТЬ ЩУРІВ І РІВЕНЬ ЕНДОТОКСИКОЗУ МОЗКУ НА ТЛІ ГІДРАЗИНОВОГО ГЕПАТИТУ

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
O. A. Makarenko ◽  
T. V. Hladkyi ◽  
A. V. Maikova ◽  
T. V. Mohylevska
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Toxic Hepatitis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Behavioural Activity ◽  
Animal Physiology ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Experimental Formation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Tissues

Hepatic encephalopathy is a frequent complication and manifestation of liver diseases, and a consequence of liver failure. Our research aims at studying behavioral and emotional activity, as well as identification of the degree of endotoxicosis of brain tissues of rats at the background of modelling in them of toxic chronic hydrazine hepatitis. The research was carried out at the Department of Human and Animal Physiology of Odessa National Mechnykov University on laboratory male rats, aged 8-10 months. The animals were divided into 2 groups, 6 animals in each, control (intact animals) and experimental (formation of a model of toxic hydrazine hepatitis) ones. The functional state of the brain of rats was evaluated by studying the behavioral and emotional activities of animals with the methods of "Open field" and "T- shaped labyrinth". In brain homogenates, the activity of a number of enzymes was determined, which could indicate the cause of changes in the functioning of the nervous system: the activity of lysozyme, urease, elastase, catalase, the content of malondialdehyde. It was discovered that formation of toxic hepatitis in rats is accompanied by inhibition of orientation and behavioural activity – on 50-70 %, exploratory – on 40-60 % and emotional – on 30 % in “open field” test, considerable aggravation of dynamics of rate and quality of learning problem solving in T-shaped labyrinth. Modeling of hepatitis in rats led to the decrease in lysozyme activity by 22.1%, catalase activity by 30.8%, detection of urease activity in the brain, as well as an increase in elastase activity by 44.6% and malondialdehyde content by 21.5%.в At the background of hepatitis in homogenates of brain tissues urease activity has been detected, activity of inflammation markers and enzymes-destructors increases, with activity of indices of antioxidant brain system decreasing. Change of behavioural activity of rats at the background of toxic hepatitis is caused by the development of endotoxicosis, which results from impairment of the function of liver detoxification.

scholarly journals Butin attenuates brain edema in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage by anti inflammatory pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiyu Li ◽  
Cheng Jiwu
Keyword(s):  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Brain Edema ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lesion Volume ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Neurological Score ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Tissues

Abstract Background This study evaluates the effect of butin against brain edema in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methodology ICH was induced by injecting bacterial collagenase in the brain and all the animals were separated into four groups such as control group, ICH group treated with vehicle, Butin 25 and 50 mg/kg group receives butin (25 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.)60 min after the induction of ICH in all animals. One day after neurological score, hemorrhagic injury and expressions of protein responsible for apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines were assessed in the brain tissue of ICH rats. Result Neurological scoring significantly increased and hemorrhagic lesion volume decreased in butin treated group of rats compared to ICH group. However, treatment with butin significantly decreases the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and protein expression of Cleaved caspase-3 than ICH group in dose dependent manner. Level of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interlukin-6 (IL-6) in the brain tissues were significantly decreased in the butin treated group than ICH group. In addition butin attenuates the altered signaling pathway of NF-κB in the brain tissues of ICH rats. Conclusion Our study concludes that butin attenuates the altered behavior and neuronal condition in ICH rats by reducing apoptosis and inflammatory response.

MR Brain Screening using Optimization Techniques – A survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitradevi D ◽  
Prabha S.
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Amyloid Β Protein ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Tissues

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with Dementia, and it is also a memory syndrome in the brain. It affects the brain tissues and causes major changes in day-to-day activities. Aging is a major cause of Alzheimer's disease. AD is characterized by two pathological hallmarks as, Amyloid β protein and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The imaging hallmarks for Alzheimer’s disease are namely, swelling, shrinkage of brain tissues due to cell loss, and atrophy in the brain due to protein dissemination. Based on the survey, 60% to 80% of dementia patients belong to Alzheimer’s disease. Introduction: AD is now becoming an increasing and important brain disease. The goal of AD pathology is to cause changes/damage in brain tissues. Alzheimer's disease is thought to begin 20 years or more before symptoms appear, with tiny changes in the brain that are undetectable to the person affected. The changes in a person's brain after a few years are noticeable through symptoms such as language difficulties and memory loss. Neurons in different parts of the brain have detected symptoms such as cognitive impairments and learning disabilities. In this case, neuroimaging tools are necessary to identify the development of pathology which relates to the clinical symptoms. Methods: Several approaches have been tried during the last two decades for brain screening to analyse AD with the process of pre-processing, segmentation and classification. Different individual such as Grey Wolf optimization, Lion Optimization, Ant Lion Optimization and so on. Similarly, hybrid optimization techniques are also attempted to segment the brain sub-regions which helps in identifying the bio-markers to analyse AD. Conclusion: This study discusses a review of neuroimaging technologies for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease, as well as the discovery of hallmarks for the disease and the methodologies for finding hallmarks from brain images to evaluate AD. According to the literature review, most of the techniques predicted higher accuracy (more than 90%), which is beneficial for assessing and screening neurodegenerative illness, particularly Alzheimer's disease.

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