ABSTRAKAutisme didefi nisikan sebagai suatu gangguan perkembangan yang kompleks menyangkutkomunikasi, interaksi sosial, dan aktivitas imajinasi. Anak penyandang autis mempunyai masalahgangguan dalam bidang komunikasi, interaksi sosial, sensoris, pola bermain, perilaku, dan emosi.Orangtua yang memiliki anak penyandang autis pasti tampak berbeda dari orangtua lainnya.Keberadaan anak autis dengan perilakunya di dalam keluarga menimbulkan stressor tersendiribagi setiap anggota keluarganya. Tujuan penelitian: menguraikan secara mendalam pengalamankeluarga tentang beban dan sumber dukungan keluarga serta makna dalam merawat anak autis.Metode: Desain penelitian metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengambilanpartisipan dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Sebanyak enam partisipan berpartisipasi padapenelitian ini. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara teknik wawancara mendalam (indepthinterview) dan menggunakan catatan lapangan ( fi eld note). Hasil wawancara mendalam dan catatanlapangan dianalisis menggunakan metode Colaizzi. Hasil: hasil penelitian penelitian mengidentifi kasitujuh tema, yaitu beban psikologis, beban fi nansial, dukungan sosial, dukungan keluarga, perhatiantanpa pamrih, kecewa terhadap pemberi dukungan, dan takdir. Diskusi: Rekomendasi penelitianadalah perawat dapat meningkatkan kompetensi dalam melakukan pengkajian terhadap kebutuhankeluarga dalam merawat klien dengan autis sehingga semakin tepat dalam memberikan intervensikepada keluarga terutama untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan meminimalkan beban yangdirasakan keluarga anak dengan autis.Kata Kunci: anak autis, keluarga, beban, sumber dukungan.ABSTRACTAutism is de fi ned as a complex developmental disorder that includes communication, social interactionand imaginative activities. Children with autism have problems in communication, social interaction,sensory processing disorder, play patterns, behaviors and emotions. Parents who have a child withautism will be different from the other parents in every aspect. The existence of a child with autismand his/her behavior are stressor for each member of the family. Objectives: This study is aimedat explain in depth about family’s experience of burden and source of support and their signifi cancefamily in caring for children with autism. Methods: This study employed qualitative method withphenomenological approach. Six participants were taken using purposive sampling. Data werecollected through in-depth interviews and using fi eld notes. The results of in-depth interviews andfi eld notes were analyzed using Colaizzi’s method. Results: The results of the study identifi ed seventhemes, namely psychological burden, fi nancial burden, social support, family support, selfl essattention, disappointment over support giver, and destiny. Discussion: This study recommends thatnurses improve their competence in assessing the needs of family in caring for clients with autism.So that they will provide interventions more precisely to family, particularly to increase competenceand to minimize the burden carried by families of children with autismKeywords: children with autism, family, burden, source of support.
Implication of the Sensory Environment in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Perspectives from School
