Identification of resistance in tomato against root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) and comparison of molecular markers for Mi gene

ABSTRACT: Problems with root-knot nematodes, caused by genus Meloidogyne, can be controlled through the introduction of resistance genes in commercial varieties of tomatoes. However, plants of the hybrid ‘Heinz 9992’ for industrial processing, carrying the Mi gene, were reported with their roots severely infected in experimental cultivation in Goiás State of Brazil with symptoms typical of galls caused by Meloidogyne spp. After dissecting the galls present in the root samples, the females of the nematodes were removed and afterwards, performed the analysis of the perineal pattern and the biochemical characterization by electrophoresis of isoenzymes, besides the pathogenicity test. The pathogen analyzed was identified as Meloidogyne incognita. The pathogenicity test confirmed the supplanting resistance of the tomato hybrid with the Mi gene by this virulent population of M. incognita.

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The efficacy of molecular markers associated with virulence in root-knot nematodes

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003292 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 147-154

Author(s):

İbrahim Mistanoğlu ◽

Tevfik Özalp ◽

Zübeyir Devran

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Restriction Enzymes ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Reaction Products ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Root Knot Nematodes ◽

Resistant Cultivars ◽

Polymerase Chain

Summary Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are major crop pests that cause heavy economic losses. The use of resistant cultivars is one of the most important management methods. The Mi-1 gene in tomato confers effective resistance against several species of Meloidogyne. However, Mi-1-virulent root-knot nematodes restrict the use of resistant cultivars. Molecular markers associated with virulence have been developed in previous studies but not validated in large number of Meloidogyne populations so far. In this study, molecular markers were screened in a total of 69 (a)virulent Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica isolates. The results showed these markers did not separate virulent and avirulent populations from Turkey. In addition, polymerase chain reaction products obtained from primers HM1.F2/HM1.R2 were digested with 30 restriction enzymes but no differences among populations were found. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on screening large root-knot nematode populations with these markers.

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Variation in resistance to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in tomato genotypes bearing the Mi gene

Plant Pathology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-3059.2005.01143.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 93-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

M. Jacquet ◽

M. Bongiovanni ◽

M. Martinez ◽

P. Verschave ◽

E. Wajnberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Mi Gene ◽

Tomato Genotypes

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Resistance mechanisms ofPrunusrootstocks to root-knot nematode,Meloidogyne incognita

Fruits ◽

10.1051/fruits/2009024 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 295-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hang Ye ◽

Wen-jun Wang ◽

Guo-jie Liu ◽

Li-xin Zhu ◽

Ke-gong Jia

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Resistance Mechanisms ◽

Root Knot Nematode

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dl-β-Amino butyric acid induced resistance in tomato against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita under salt stress condition

Indian Phytopathology ◽

10.1007/s42360-021-00320-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohd Asif ◽

Faryad Khan ◽

Taruba Ansari ◽

Faheem Ahmad ◽

Moh Tariq ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Induced Resistance ◽

Butyric Acid ◽

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Stress Condition ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Salt Stress Condition ◽

Amino Butyric Acid

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Genetic Diversity, Virulence, and Meloidogyne incognita Interactions of Fusarium oxysporum Isolates Causing Cotton Wilt in Georgia

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-09-16-1382-re ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 101 (6) ◽

pp. 948-956 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Alois A. Bell ◽

Robert C. Kemerait ◽

Carlos S. Ortiz ◽

Sandria Prom ◽

Jose Quintana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Soil Infestation ◽

Causal Pathogen ◽

Complementation Groups ◽

Shoot Weight ◽

Cotton Wilt ◽

Significant Disease

Locally severe outbreaks of Fusarium wilt of cotton (Gossypium spp.) in South Georgia raised concerns about the genotypes of the causal pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum. Vegetative complementation tests and DNA sequence analysis were used to determine genetic diversity among 492 F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum isolates obtained from 107 wilted plants collected from seven fields in five counties. Eight vegetative complementation groups (VCG) were found, with VCG 01117B and VCG 01121 occurring in 66% of the infected plants. The newly recognized VCG 01121 was the major VCG in Berrien County, the center of the outbreaks. All eight VCG resulted in significant increases in the percentages of wilted leaves (27 to 53%) and significant reductions in leaf weight (40 to 67%) and shoot weight (33 to 60%) after being stem punctured into Gossypium hirsutum ‘Rowden’. They caused little or no significant reductions in shoot weight and height or increases in foliar symptoms and vascular browning in a soil-infestation assay. Soil infestation with Meloidogyne incognita race 3 (root-knot nematode) alone also failed to cause significant disease. When coinoculated with M. incognita race 3, all VCG caused moderate to severe wilt. Therefore, the VCG identified in this study belong to the vascular-competent pathotype, and should pose similar threats to cotton cultivars in the presence of the root-knot nematode. Use of nematode-resistant cultivars, therefore, is probably the best approach to control the disease in Georgia.

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The role of Caenorhabditis elegans sex-determination homologs, Mi-sdc-1 and Mi-tra-1 in Meloidogyne incognita

European Journal of Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s10658-021-02335-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anil Baniya ◽

Soumi Joseph ◽

Larry Duncan ◽

William Crow ◽

Tesfamariam Mengistu

Keyword(s):

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Sex Determination ◽

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Egg Production ◽

Target Genes ◽

Parasitic Nematode ◽

Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Model Free ◽

Plant Parasitic

AbstractSex determination is a key developmental event in all organisms. The pathway that regulates sexual fate has been well characterized at the molecular level in the model free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. This study aims to gain a preliminary understanding of sex-determining pathways in a plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita, and the extent to which the roles of the sex determination genes are conserved in a hermaphrodite species, C. elegans, and plant-parasitic nematode species, M. incognita. In this study, we targeted two sex-determining orthologues, sdc-1 and tra-1 from M. incognita using RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi was performed by soaking second-stage juveniles of M. incognita in a solution containing dsRNA of either Mi-tra-1or Mi-sdc-1 or both. To determine the effect of RNAi of the target genes, the juveniles treated with the dsRNA were inoculated onto a susceptible cultivar of cowpea grown in a nutrient pouch at 28 °C for 5 weeks. The development of the nematodes was analyzed at different time points during the growth period and compared to untreated controls. Our results showed that neither Mi-sdc-1 nor Mi-tra-1 have a significant role in regulating sexual fate in M. incognita. However, the silencing of Mi-sdc-1 significantly delayed maturity to adult females but did not affect egg production in mature females. In contrast, the downregulation of Mi-tra-1 transcript resulted in a significant reduction in egg production in both single and combinatorial RNAi-treated nematodes. Our results indicate that M. incognita may have adopted a divergent function for Mi-sdc-1 and Mi-tra-1distinct from Caenorhabditis spp. However, Mi-tra-1 might have an essential role in female fecundity in M. incognita and is a promising dsRNA target for root-knot nematode (RKN) management using host-delivered RNAi.

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