scholarly journals Genetic mapping of male sterility and pollen fertility QTLs in triticale with sterilizing Triticum timopheevii cytoplasm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Wasiak ◽  
Agnieszka Niedziela ◽  
Henryk Woś ◽  
Mirosław Pojmaj ◽  
Piotr Tomasz Bednarek
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Triticum Timopheevii ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Map Construction ◽  
Explained Variance

AbstractCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) phenomenon is widely exploited in commercial hybrid seed production in economically important crop species, including rye, wheat, maize, rice, sorghum, cotton, sugar beets, and many vegetables. Although some commercial successes, little is known about QTLs responsible for the trait in case of triticale with sterilizing Triticum timopheevii (Tt) cytoplasm. Recombinant inbred line (RIL) F6 mapping population encompassing 182 individuals derived from the cross of individual plants representing the HT352 line and cv Borwo was employed for genetic map construction using SNP markers and identification of QTLs conferring pollen sterility in triticale with CMS Tt. The phenotypes of the F1 lines resulting from crossing of the HT352 (Tt) with HT352 (maintainer) × Borwo were determined by assessing the number of the F2 seeds per spike. A genetic map with 21 linkage groups encompasses 29,737 markers and spanned over the distance of 2549 cM. Composite (CIM) and multiple (MIM) interval mappings delivered comparable results. Single QTLs mapped to the 1A, 1B, 2A, 2R, 3B, 3R, 4B, and 5B chromosomes, whereas the 5R and 6B chromosomes shared 3 and 2 QTLs, respectively. The QTLs with the highest LOD score mapped to the 5R, 3R, 1B, and 4B chromosomes; however, the QRft-5R.3 has the highest explained variance of the trait.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis and Fine Mapping of a Spontaneously Mutated Male Sterility Gene in Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1309-1318
Author(s):  
Tzu-Kai Lin ◽  
Ya-Ping Lin ◽  
Shun-Fu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Spontaneous Mutant ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Sterility Gene ◽  
Intron 4 ◽  
Male Sterility Gene

Male sterility has been widely used in hybrid seed production in Brassica, but not in B. rapa ssp. chinensis, and genetic models of male sterility for this subspecies are unclear. We discovered a spontaneous mutant in B. rapa ssp. chinensis. A series of progeny tests indicated that male sterility in B. rapa ssp. chinensis follows a three-allele model with BrMsa, BrMsb, and BrMsc. The male sterility locus has been mapped to chromosome A07 in BC1 and F2 populations through genotyping by sequencing. Fine mapping in a total of 1,590 F2 plants narrowed the male sterility gene BrMs to a 400 kb region, with two SNP markers only 0.3 cM from the gene. Comparative gene mapping shows that the Ms gene in B. rapa ssp. pekinensis is different from the BrMs gene of B. rapa ssp. chinensis, despite that both genes are located on chromosome A07. Interestingly, the DNA sequence orthologous to a male sterile gene in Brassica napus, BnRf, is within 400 kb of the BrMs locus. The BnRf orthologs of B. rapa ssp. chinensis were sequenced, and one KASP marker (BrMs_indel) was developed for genotyping based on a 14 bp indel at intron 4. Cosegregation of male sterility and BrMs_indel genotypes in the F2 population indicated that BnRf from B. napus and BrMs from B. rapa are likely to be orthologs. The BrMs_indel marker developed in this study will be useful in marker-assisted selection for the male sterility trait.

scholarly journals Identification of molecular markers associated with genic male sterility in tetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) through bulk segregant analysis using a cotton SNP 63K array

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmalingam Raja ◽  
Marappan Saravana Kumar ◽  
Ponnuswamy Renuka Devi ◽  
Sankaran Loganathan ◽  
Kamalasekharan Ramya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Bulk Segregant Analysis ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Cotton Hybrid ◽  
Short Time

Genic male sterility (GMS) is one of the most important economic traits for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) hybrid seed production. The GMS trait conferred by two recessive alleles ms5 and ms6 in homozygous constitution is widely used for cotton hybrid seed production in India. Identification of molecular markers closely linked to the ms5 and ms6 alleles would be useful in effective transferring in a short time male-sterility genes into cultivars or elite lines using marker-assisted backcrossing. Here, we describe a quick method to identify markers for GMS genes using bulk segregant analysis (BSA) in the interspecific (G. hirsutum × G. hirsutum) biparental population. The parents and bulks were genotyped with a cotton single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 63K array that contains 63 058 SNP markers including 45 104 intraspecific and 17 954 interspecific SNP markers. Four SNP markers were found to be linked with the Ms5 and Ms6 genes. The markers i23493Gh and i46470Gh linked with the Ms5 gene, and other two markers i08605Gh and i08573Gh linked with the Ms6 gene are located on chromosome 12 and 26, respectively. A simple and cost effective tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR (tetra-primer ARMS-PCR) assay was optimized for screening a large number of breeding samples with the identified SNP markers in a short time. The molecular markers developed in this study will facilitate the marker-assisted selection (MAS) and accelerate the development of new GMS lines to use in cotton hybrid seed production.    

scholarly journals Genetic mapping of pollen fertility restoration QTLs in rye (Secale cereale L.) with CMS Pampa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Niedziela ◽  
Waldemar Brukwiński ◽  
Piotr Tomasz Bednarek
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Map ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Pollen Abortion ◽  
Secale Cereale L

AbstractCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a widely applied plant breeding tool for hybrid seed production. The phenomenon is often caused by chimeric genes with altered open reading frames (ORFs) located in the mitochondrial genomes and expressed as novel genotoxic products that induce pollen abortion. The fertility of CMS plants can be restored by nuclear-encoded genes that inhibit the action of ORFs responsible for pollen sterility. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population S64/04/01, encompassing 175 individuals, was used for genetic map construction and identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for fertility restoration in rye (Secale cereale L.) with CMS Pampa. The genetic map of all seven rye chromosomes included 15,516 SNP and silicoDArT markers and covered 1070.5 cm. Individual QTLs explaining 60% and 5.5% of the fertility trait’s phenotypic variance were mapped to chromosomes 4R (QRft-4R) and 5R (QRft-5R), respectively. Association mapping identified markers with the highest R2 value of 0.58 (p value = 2.21E-28). Markers showing the highest associations with the trait were also mapped to the 4R chromosome within the QRft-4R region. Based on marker sequence homology, putative genes involved in pollen fertility restoration were suggested. Five silicoDArTs were converted into PCR-based markers for further breeding purposes.

scholarly journals Molecular basis underlying male sterility in bHLH142 overexpressing rice

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swee-Suak Ko ◽  
Min-Jeng Li ◽  
Yi-Jyun Lin ◽  
Hong-Xian Hsing ◽  
Ting-Ting Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Pollen Development ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
New Method ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Early Expression

AbstractDevelopment of stable male sterility lines is essential for efficient hybrid seed production. We previously showed that knockout of bHLH142 in rice (Oryza sativa) causes pollen sterility by interrupting tapetal programmed cell death (PCD). In this study, we demonstrated that overexpression of bHLH142 (OE142) under the control of ubiquitin promoter also leads to male sterility in rice by triggering the premature onset of PCD. Protein of bHLH142 was found to accumulate specifically in the OE142 anthers. Overexpression of bHLH142 induced early expression of several key regulatory transcription factors in pollen development. In particular, the upregulation of EAT1 at the early stage of pollen development promoted premature PCD in the OE142 anthers, while its downregulation at the late stage impaired pollen development by suppressing genes involved in pollen wall biosynthesis, ROS scavenging and PCD. Collectively, these events led to male sterility in OE142. Analyses of related mutants further revealed the hierarchy of these pollen development regulatory genes. Thus, the findings of this study create a new method to generate genic male sterility in rice. Exploitation of this novel functionality of bHLH142 would confer a big advantage to hybrid seed production.HighlightOverexpression of bHLH142 leads to male sterility in transgenic rice due to early onset of tapetal PCD. This study creates a new method to generate male sterility in rice.

scholarly journals Detergent induced pollen sterility in some vegetable crops

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. S. Chauhan ◽  
D. K. Agnihotri
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Synthetic Detergent ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Efficacy of a popular synthetic detergent, Surf excel in some important vegetable crops viz. Okra or lady finger (Abelmoschus esculentus L.), chilli or red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) was evaluated for inducing male sterility and hybrid seed production. Foliar sprays with aqueous solutions of Surf excel (1.0 and 1.5% w/v) in these crops induced complete pollen sterility. The treated plants showed a delay in flowering, a reduction in the number of flowers and fruits/plant, number of seeds/fruit resulting in a reduction in yield/plant. However, the male sterility thus induced was successfully exploited for hybrid seed production.

scholarly journals High-resolution genetic map construction and QTL analysis of important fiber traits in kenaf using RAD-seq

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Hui ◽  
Chang Li ◽  
Tang Huijuan ◽  
Luan Mingbao ◽  
Pan Gen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qtl Mapping ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Map Construction ◽  
Fiber Yield

Abstract Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping is a useful method for revealing the mechanism of complex genetic traits and identifying new genomic information to accelerate crop improvement. In the present study, 154 F2:3 strains and their parents were used for restriction site-associated DNA sequencing, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identification, and genetic map construction. After filtering based on stringent filtering standards, 297.5 Gb of clean data were obtained. Further, 5,191 polymorphic SNP markers were identified from each sample, of which 1,997 polymorphic SNP markers were successfully mapped onto 18 different linkage groups. Six QTLs (QPH, QFBW, QDBW, QFW, QFT, and QFC) were identified based on the genetic map using the multiple QTL mapping (MQM) method, which were then assigned to three linkage groups, LG16, LG8, and LG3. QPH, QFBW, QDBW, and QFW were related to fiber yield, while QFT and QFC were related to fiber quality. This is the first study of its kind to map QTL of fiber yield and fiber quality, which will facilitate further understanding of the molecular genetic basis of these traits. However, there are limitations regarding the utilization of this map because several large gaps remain in some linkage groups. Therefore, additional markers need to be developed to further narrow these regions.

scholarly journals Pentatricopeptide-repeat family protein RF6 functions with hexokinase 6 to rescue rice cytoplasmic male sterility

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (48) ◽  
pp. 14984-14989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenchao Huang ◽  
Changchun Yu ◽  
Jun Hu ◽  
Lili Wang ◽  
Zhiwu Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Mitochondrial Rna ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Pentatricopeptide Repeat ◽  
Transcript Accumulation ◽  
Aberrant Transcript ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
Restorer Of Fertility

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) has been extensively used for hybrid seed production in many major crops. Honglian CMS (HL-CMS) is one of the three major types of CMS in rice and has contributed greatly to food security worldwide. The HL-CMS trait is associated with an aberrant chimeric mitochondrial transcript, atp6-orfH79, which causes pollen sterility and can be rescued by two nonallelic restorer-of-fertility (Rf) genes, Rf5 or Rf6. Here, we report the identification of Rf6, which encodes a novel pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) family protein with a characteristic duplication of PPR motifs 3–5. RF6 is targeted to mitochondria, where it physically associates with hexokinase 6 (OsHXK6) and promotes the processing of the aberrant CMS-associated transcript atp6-orfH79 at nucleotide 1238, which ensures normal pollen development and restores fertility. The duplicated motif 3 of RF6 is essential for RF6-OsHXK6 interactions, processing of the aberrant transcript, and restoration of fertility. Furthermore, reductions in the level of OsHXK6 result in atp6-orfH79 transcript accumulation and male sterility. Together these results reveal a novel mechanism for CMS restoration by which RF6 functions with OsHXK6 to restore HL-CMS fertility. The present study also provides insight into the function of hexokinase 6 in regulating mitochondrial RNA metabolism and may facilitate further exploitation of heterosis in rice.

scholarly journals Development and validation of genome-wide InDel markers with high levels of polymorphism in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjie Cui ◽  
Jiazhu Peng ◽  
Jiaowen Cheng ◽  
Kailin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Map ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Map Construction ◽  
Indel Markers ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Indel Polymorphisms ◽  
Molecular Marker Development ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract Background The preferred choice for molecular marker development is identifying existing variation in populations through DNA sequencing. With the genome resources currently available for bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), it is now possible to detect genome-wide insertion-deletion (InDel) polymorphisms among bitter gourd populations, which guides the efficient development of InDel markers. Results Here, using bioinformatics technology, we detected 389,487 InDels from 61 Chinese bitter gourd accessions with an average density of approximately 1298 InDels/Mb. Then we developed a total of 2502 unique InDel primer pairs with a polymorphism information content (PIC) ≥0.6 distributed across the whole genome. Amplification of InDels in two bitter gourd lines ‘47–2–1-1-3’ and ‘04–17,’ indicated that the InDel markers were reliable and accurate. To highlight their utilization, the InDel markers were employed to construct a genetic map using 113 ‘47–2–1-1-3’ × ‘04–17’ F2 individuals. This InDel genetic map of bitter gourd consisted of 164 new InDel markers distributed on 15 linkage groups with a coverage of approximately half of the genome. Conclusions This is the first report on the development of genome-wide InDel markers for bitter gourd. The validation of the amplification and genetic map construction suggests that these unique InDel markers may enhance the efficiency of genetic studies and marker-assisted selection for bitter gourd.

scholarly journals Molecular Hallmarks, Agronomic Performances and Seed Nutraceutical Properties to Exploit Neglected Genetic Resources of Common Beans Grown by Organic Farming in Two Contrasting Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Sica ◽  
Francesco Scariolo ◽  
Aline Galvao ◽  
Domiziana Battaggia ◽  
Carlo Nicoletto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Pure Lines ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an essential source of food proteins and an important component of sustainable agriculture systems around the world. Thus, conserving and exploiting the genetic materials of this crop species play an important role in achieving global food safety and security through the preservation of functional and serependic opportunities afforded by plant species diversity. Our research aimed to collect and perform agronomic, morpho-phenological, molecular-genetic, and nutraceutical characterizations of common bean accessions, including lowland and mountain Venetian niche landraces (ancient farmer populations) and Italian elite lineages (old breeder selections). Molecular characterization with SSR and SNP markers grouped these accessions into two well-separated clusters that were linked to the original Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools, which was consistent with the outputs of ancestral analysis. Genetic diversity in the two main clusters was not distributed equally the Andean gene pool was found to be much more uniform than the Mesoamerican pool. Additional subdivision resulted in subclusters, supporting the existence of six varietal groups. Accessions were selected according to preliminary investigations and historical records and cultivated in two contrasting Venetian environments: sea-level and mountain territories. We found that the environment significantly affected some nutraceutical properties of the seeds, mainly protein and starch contents. The antioxidant capacity was found significantly greater at sea level for climbing accessions and in the mountains for dwarf accessions. The seed yield at sea level was halved than mountain due to a seeds reduction in weight, volume, size and density. At sea level, bean landraces tended to have extended flowering periods and shorter fresh pod periods. The seed yield was positively correlated with the length of the period during which plants had fresh pods and negatively correlated with the length of the flowering period. Thus, the agronomic performance of these genetic resources showed their strong connection and adaptation to mountainous environments. On the whole, the genetic-molecular information put together for these univocal bean entries was combined with overall results from plant and seed analyses to select and transform the best accessions into commercial varieties (i.e., pure lines) suitable for wider cultivation.

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