Antifungal Effect of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Extract and Chemical Fungicide Against Spilocaea oleagina Causing Olive Leaf Spot

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatema Kleef ◽  
Mazen Salman
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
Antifungal Effect

scholarly journals Laminarin Induces Defense Responses and Efficiently Controls Olive Leaf Spot Disease in Olive

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1043
Author(s):  
George T. Tziros ◽  
Anastasios Samaras ◽  
George S. Karaoglanidis
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Copper Accumulation ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Resistance Inducers ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Potential Use

Olive leaf spot (OLS) caused by Fusicladiumoleagineum is mainly controlled using copper fungicides. However, the replacement of copper-based products with eco-friendly alternatives is a priority. The use of plant resistance-inducers (PRIs) or biological control agents (BCAs) could contribute in this direction. In this study we investigated the potential use of three PRIs (laminarin, acibenzolar-S-methyl, harpin) and a BCA (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB24) for the management of OLS. The tested products provided control efficacy higher than 68%. In most cases, dual applications provided higher (p < 0.05) control efficacies compared to that achieved by single applications. The highest control efficacy of 100% was achieved by laminarin. Expression analysis of the selected genes by RT-qPCR revealed different kinetics of induction. In laminarin-treated plants, for most of the tested genes a higher induction rate (p < 0.05) was observed at 3 days post application. Pal, Lox, Cuao and Mpol were the genes with the higher inductions in laminarin-treated and artificially inoculated plants. The results of this study are expected to contribute towards a better understanding of PRIs in olive culture and the optimization of OLS control, while they provide evidence for potential contributions in the reduction of copper accumulation in the environment.

Visible/Near infrared (VIS/NIR) spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis (MVDA) for identification and quantification of olive leaf spot (OLS) disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nawaf Abu-Khalaf ◽  
Mazen Salman
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
Linear Method ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
Classification Rate ◽  
Infection Period ◽  
Linear Svm

Early detection of plant disease requires usually elaborating methods techniques and especially when symptoms are not visible. Olive Leaf Spot (OLS) infecting upper surface of olive leaves has a long latent infection period. In this work, VIS/NIR spectroscopy was used to determine the latent infection and severity of the pathogens. Two different classification methods were used, Partial Least Squared-Discrimination Analysis (PLS-DA) (linear method) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) (non-linear). SVM-classification was able to classify severity levels 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 with classification rates of 94, 90, 73, 79, 83 and 100%, respectively The overall classification rate was about 86%. PLS-DA was able to classify two different severity groups (first group with severity 0, 1, 2, 3, and second group with severity 4, 5), with a classification rate greater than 95%. The results promote further researches, and the possibility of evaluation OLS in-situ using portable VIS/NIR devices.

Visible/Near infrared (VIS/NIR) spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis (MVDA) for identification and quantification of olive leaf spot (OLS) disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nawaf Abu-Khalaf ◽  
Mazen Salman
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
Linear Method ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
Classification Rate ◽  
Infection Period ◽  
Linear Svm

Early detection of plant disease requires usually elaborating methods techniques and especially when symptoms are not visible. Olive Leaf Spot (OLS) infecting upper surface of olive leaves has a long latent infection period. In this work, VIS/NIR spectroscopy was used to determine the latent infection and severity of the pathogens. Two different classification methods were used, Partial Least Squared-Discrimination Analysis (PLS-DA) (linear method) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) (non-linear). SVM-classification was able to classify severity levels 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 with classification rates of 94, 90, 73, 79, 83 and 100%, respectively The overall classification rate was about 86%. PLS-DA was able to classify two different severity groups (first group with severity 0, 1, 2, 3, and second group with severity 4, 5), with a classification rate greater than 95%. The results promote further researches, and the possibility of evaluation OLS in-situ using portable VIS/NIR devices.

scholarly journals In vitro effects of fungicides on conidium germination of Spilocaea oleagina the cause of olive leaf spot

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
E.O. Obanor ◽  
M. Walter ◽  
E.E. Jones ◽  
M.V. Jaspers
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
Olive Leaves ◽  
Benzimidazole Fungicides ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Conidium Germination ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Demethylation Inhibitor

Twenty fungicides were tested in vitro for their effects on the germination of conidia of Spilocaea oleagina the fungus that causes olive leaf spot Conidia used in this evaluation were obtained from naturally infected olive leaves in Canterbury Of the fungicides tested kresoximmethyl and captan were the most effective in preventing conidium germination at low concentrations with EC50 values of 0002 and 0003 g/ml respectively The newer fungicides boscalid and boscalid/pyraclostrobin were also effective (EC500031 and 0006 g/ml respectively) Of the benzimidazole fungicides tested carbendazim was effective (EC500005 g/ml) but thiophanatemethyl was not (EC5026 g/ml) None of the demethylation inhibitor fungicides tested were very effective (EC50 values gt;1 g/ml) except flusilazol (EC500075 g/ml) Two coppercontaining fungicides copper hydroxide and copper sulphate were ineffective for preventing conidium germination (EC5030 and 443 g/ml respectively) This study has identified candidate fungicides for further evaluation as tools for management of olive leaf spot

scholarly journals The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the incidence of olive fruit fly, olive leaf spot and olive anthracnose in two olive cultivars grown in rainfed conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 108658
Author(s):  
M. Ângelo Rodrigues ◽  
Valentim Coelho ◽  
Margarida Arrobas ◽  
Eugénia Gouveia ◽  
Soraia Raimundo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Olive Fruit Fly ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
Olive Fruit ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Olive Cultivars

scholarly journals Identification of Genetic Markers in Olive Linked to Olive Leaf Spot Resistance and Susceptibility

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genet Teshome Mekuria ◽  
Graham Collins ◽  
Margaret Sedgley ◽  
Shimon Lavee
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Susceptible Bulk ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Segregating Population

Olive leaf spot is a disease of olive (Olea europaea L.) caused by the fungal pathogen, Spilocea oleaginea Cast. Progeny derived from crosses among susceptible, resistant, and semiresistant parental lines were assessed in the field for 8 years and classified as either resistant or susceptible. DNA from some of the progeny of this segregating population was used to identify molecular markers linked to olive leaf spot disease using the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique and bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Two DNA bulks were constructed, each containing 13 progeny showing either resistance or susceptibility for the disease, and screened for polymorphisms using 100 primers. One primer produced two polymorphic bands, one of ≈700 base pairs (bp) from the susceptible bulk and the other of ≈780 bp from the resistant bulk. The 780 bp marker appeared in 70.6% of the segregating progeny and 100% of parents showing resistance to leaf spot disease, while the 700 bp marker appeared in 47.1% of the segregating progeny and 100% of the parents showing susceptibility. These markers can be used as screening tools in olive improvement programs.

scholarly journals Sources of variation in a field evaluation of the incidence and severity of olive leaf spot

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.O. Obanor ◽  
M. Walter ◽  
E.E. Jones ◽  
M.V. Jaspers
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Over Time

Incidence ( infected leaves) and severity (number of lesions/leaf) of olive leaf spot disease caused by Spilocaea oleagina were assessed every 2 weeks on 20 trees in a Canterbury olive grove for 12 weeks during summer 2003/04 All the trees were infected by olive leaf spot disease (OLS) and although disease incidence and severity varied between trees (Plt;0001) it did not vary between branches over time (P0088) There was a strong correlation (R20869) between disease incidence and severity It was estimated that at least five trees and 50 leaves/tree were required to correctly estimate the mean values of the parameters measured Throughout the duration of the experiment no new leaf lesions formed and although old lesions increased in size (Plt;0001) spore numbers decreased from 5104 to 1102 conidia/cm2 of lesion and viability of conidia declined from 55 to 10

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