Previous investigations devoted to the optimization of nonspherical gold nanoparticles for photothermal therapy (PTT) encountered two issues, namely, the appropriate selection of objective functions and the processing of particle random orientations. In this study, these issues were resolved, and accurate optimization results were obtained for the three typical nonspherical gold nanoparticles (nanospheroid, nanocylinder, and nanorod) by using the T-matrix method. The dependence of the optimization results on the excitation wavelength and the refractive index of tissue was investigated. Regardless of the excitation wavelength and tissue type, gold nanospheroids were found to be the most effective therapeutic agents for PTT. The light absorption ability of optimized nanoparticles could be enhanced by using a laser with a longer wavelength. Finally, the design tolerance for the different sizes of nanoparticles was provided.
Specific Cell Targeting with Nanobody Conjugated Branched Gold Nanoparticles for Photothermal Therapy