Contribution of Bacterial Gut Symbionts to Digestion and Development in Podisus maculiventris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 959-967
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Ahsaei ◽  
Vahid Hosseininaveh ◽  
Reza Talaei-Hassanloui ◽  
Maryam Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Podisus Maculiventris ◽  
Gut Symbionts

Design, Synthesis and Bioactivity of Core 1 O-glycan and its Derivative on Human Gut Microbiota

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1348-1353
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Qu ◽  
Baixue Li ◽  
Jingyi Yang ◽  
Huaiwen Liang ◽  
Meixia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Glycan Structure ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Gut Symbionts

Background: Disaccharide core 1 (Galβ1-3GalNAc) is a common O-glycan structure in nature. Biochemical studies have confirmed that the formation of the core 1 structure is an important initial step in O-glycan biosynthesis and it is of great importance for human body. Objective: Our study will provide meaningful and useful sights for O-glycan synthesis and their bioassay. And all the synthetic glycosides would be used as intermediate building blocks in the scheme developed for oligosaccharide construction. Methods: In this article, we firstly used chemical procedures to prepare core 1 and its derivative, and a novel disaccharide was efficiently synthesized. The structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated and confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS. Then we employed three human gut symbionts belonging to Bacteroidetes, a predominantphyla in the distal gut, as models to study the bioactivity of core 1 and its derivative on human gut microbiota. Results: According to our results, both core 1 and derivative could support the growth of B. fragilis, especially the core 1 derivative, while failed to support the growth of B. thetaiotaomicron and B. ovatus. Conclusion: This suggested that the B. fragilis might have the specificity glycohydrolase to cut the glycosidic bond for acquiring monosaccharide.

scholarly journals Ecological Importance of Cross-Feeding of the Intermediate Metabolite 1,2-Propanediol between Bacterial Gut Symbionts

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Cheng ◽  
Rebbeca M. Duar ◽  
Xiaoxi Lin ◽  
Maria Elisa Perez-Munoz ◽  
Stephanie Tollenaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Interactions ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Trophic Interaction ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bifidobacterium Breve ◽  
Gut Symbionts ◽  
Gnotobiotic Mice ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Isogenic Mutants

ABSTRACT Cross-feeding based on the metabolite 1,2-propanediol has been proposed to have an important role in the establishment of trophic interactions among gut symbionts, but its ecological importance has not been empirically established. Here, we show that in vitro growth of Lactobacillus reuteri (syn. Limosilactobacillus reuteri) ATCC PTA 6475 is enhanced through 1,2-propanediol produced by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 and Escherichia coli MG1655 from the metabolization of fucose and rhamnose, respectively. Work with isogenic mutants showed that the trophic interaction is dependent on the pduCDE operon in L. reuteri, which encodes the ability to use 1,2-propanediol, and the l-fucose permease (fucP) gene in B. breve, which is required for 1,2-propanediol formation from fucose. Experiments in gnotobiotic mice revealed that, although the pduCDE operon bestows a fitness burden on L. reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 in the mouse digestive tract, the ecological performance of the strain was enhanced in the presence of B. breve UCC2003 and the mucus-degrading species Bifidobacterium bifidum. The use of the respective pduCDE and fucP mutants of L. reuteri and B. breve in the mouse experiments indicated that the trophic interaction was specifically based on 1,2-propanediol. Overall, our work established the ecological importance of cross-feeding relationships based on 1,2-propanediol for the fitness of a bacterial symbiont in the vertebrate gut. IMPORTANCE Through experiments in gnotobiotic mice that employed isogenic mutants of bacterial strains that produce (Bifidobacterium breve) and utilize (Lactobacillus reuteri) 1,2-propanediol, this study provides mechanistic insight into the ecological ramifications of a trophic interaction between gut symbionts. The findings improve our understanding on how cross-feeding influences the competitive fitness of L. reuteri in the vertebrate gut and revealed a putative selective force that shaped the evolution of the species. The findings are relevant since they provide a basis to design rational microbial-based strategies to modulate gut ecosystems, which could employ mixtures of bacterial strains that establish trophic interactions or a personalized approach based on the ability of a resident microbiota to provide resources for the incoming microbe.

Influence of prey size and environmental factors on predation by Podisus maculiventris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on viburnum leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaylord A. Desurmont ◽  
Paul A. Weston
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Podisus Maculiventris ◽  
Viburnum Opulus ◽  
Host Plant Species ◽  
Search Area ◽  
Rate Of Increase

AbstractExperiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to determine the influence of the relative sizes of predator and prey, temperature, presence of refugia, size of the search area, and host-plant species on the predation performance of Podisus maculiventris (Say) nymphs against viburnum leaf beetle, Pyrrhalta viburni (Paykull), a new landscape pest in North America that feeds on the foliage of species of Viburnum L. (Caprifoliaceae). Predator handling time was positively correlated with body mass of the prey for all instars of P. maculiventris, but the rate of increase of handling time relative to prey mass decreased as predator age increased. Temperature was positively correlated with predation rates, but the presence of refugia did not have an impact on predation. The influence of host-plant species and size of the search area was tested on southern arrowwood (Viburnum dentatum L.) and American cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L. var. americanum Aiton). There was a significant interaction between plant species and size of the search area, the species effect becoming significant as leaf surface area increased. In the case of southern arrowwood a negative correlation between size of the search area and predation rate was also detected. The identification of these factors adds valuable knowledge for using P. maculiventris as a biological-control agent against P. viburni.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Production by Termite Gut Protists: Characterization of Iron Hydrogenases of Parabasalian Symbionts of the Termite Coptotermes formosanus

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1925-1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Ichi Inoue ◽  
Kanako Saita ◽  
Toshiaki Kudo ◽  
Sadaharu Ui ◽  
Moriya Ohkuma
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Coptotermes Formosanus ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Physiology And Biochemistry ◽  
Termite Gut ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Gut Symbionts ◽  
Uptake Activity

ABSTRACT Cellulolytic flagellated protists in the guts of termites produce molecular hydrogen (H2) that is emitted by the termites; however, little is known about the physiology and biochemistry of H2 production from cellulose in the gut symbiotic protists due to their formidable unculturability. In order to understand the molecular basis for H2 production, we here identified two genes encoding proteins homologous to iron-only hydrogenases (Fe hydrogenases) in Pseudotrichonympha grassii, a large cellulolytic symbiont in the phylum Parabasalia, in the gut of the termite Coptotermes formosanus. The two Fe hydrogenases were phylogenetically distinct and had different N-terminal accessory domains. The long-form protein represented a phylogenetic lineage unique among eukaryotic Fe hydrogenases, whereas the short form was monophyletic with those of other parabasalids. Active recombinant enzyme forms of these two Fe hydrogenases were successfully obtained without the specific auxiliary maturases. Although they differed in their extent of specific activity and optimal pH, both enzymes preferentially catalyzed H2 evolution rather than H2 uptake. H2 evolution, at least that associated with the short-form enzyme, was still active even under high hydrogen partial pressure. H2 evolution activity was detected in the hydrogenosomal fraction of P. grassii cells; however, the vigorous H2 uptake activity of the endosymbiotic bacteria compensated for the strong H2 evolution activity of the host protists. The results suggest that termite gut symbionts are a rich reservoir of novel Fe hydrogenases whose properties are adapted to the gut environment and that the potential of H2 production in termite guts has been largely underestimated.

Comparative analysis of insect gut symbionts for composition–function relationships and biofuel application potential

Biofuels ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weibing Shi ◽  
Ugur Uzuner ◽  
Lingxia Huang ◽  
Palmy R Jesudhasan ◽  
Suresh D Pillai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Gut Symbionts ◽  
Insect Gut

scholarly journals The Biodegradation of Soil Organic Matter in Soil-Dwelling Humivorous Fauna

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuliang Lou ◽  
Jianming Zhao ◽  
Xiangyang Lou ◽  
Xiejiang Xia ◽  
Yilu Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Terrestrial Organic Matter ◽  
Symbiotic Associations ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Gut Symbionts ◽  
Diverse Community ◽  
Ecological Success ◽  
Global Vegetation

Soil organic matter contains more carbon than global vegetation and the atmosphere combined. Gaining access to this source of organic carbon is challenging and requires at least partial removal of polyphenolic and/or soil mineral protections, followed by subsequent enzymatic or chemical cleavage of diverse plant polysaccharides. Soil-feeding animals make significant contributions to the recycling of terrestrial organic matter. Some humivorous earthworms, beetles, and termites, among others, have evolved the ability to mineralize recalcitrant soil organic matter, thereby leading to their tremendous ecological success in the (sub)tropical areas. This ability largely relies on their symbiotic associations with a diverse community of gut microbes. Recent integrative omics studies, including genomics, metagenomics, and proteomics, provide deeper insights into the functions of gut symbionts. In reviewing this literature, we emphasized that understanding how these soil-feeding fauna catabolize soil organic substrates not only reveals the key microbes in the intestinal processes but also uncovers the potential novel enzymes with considerable biotechnological interests.

scholarly journals Breeding the predatory bug Podisus maculiventris Say to protect potatoes from Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
Mariya Nefedova
Keyword(s):  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Podisus Maculiventris ◽  
Artificial Reproduction ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Selection Of

The predator Podisus maculiventris Say is a representative of the order Hemiptera, family Pentatomidae. This insect is promising in the battle against the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. For the successful use of P. maculiventris in the climatic conditions of the Russian Federation and other countries where this predator isn’t found, it is necessary to develop methods of its artificial reproduction. The paper provides information on the selection of food based on the use of phytophagous insects and pests. Among the subjects Galleria mellonella L. caterpillars, Tenebrio molitor L. larvae and pupae, Ephestia kuehniella Zll. caterpillars, as well as Zophobas morio Fabr larvae were used. As a result of the experiment, T. molitor was recognized as the most effective insect prey in terms of biological and economic indicators. When using Tenebrio molitor, the imago yield of P. maculiventris amounted to 81.0-90.5%, which was the best indicator in comparison with other options.

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