Effects of particle size of dielectric fillers on the output performance of piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators

AbstractRecently, piezoelectric/triboelectric nanogenerators based on piezoelectric composite materials have been intensively studied to achieve high electrical output performance. In this work, flexible BaTiO3 (BT)/PDMS nanocomposite films with various sizes and concentrations were fabricated and used as the nanogenerators. The influence of dielectric properties on the electrical output of nanogenerators was studied as well as the structure of the composites. The dielectric constant increased from 6.5 to 8 with the concentration of BT nanoparticles and decreased with the frequency from 102 to 106 Hz. Furthermore, the dielectric constant showed 11% decrease with the temperature range from 30 to 180 °C. It was found that the concentration of BT nanoparticles has promoted the electrical output of nanogenerators. The output voltage and current are all enhanced with the BT nanoparticles, which reached 200 V and 0.24 °A in TENG with 40 wt% BT nanoparticles, respectively. The selected device exhibited the power of 0.16 mW and employed to demonstrate its ability to power wearable/portable electronics by lighting the LEDs.

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Enhancing Electrical Outputs of Piezoelectric Nanogenerators by Controlling the Dielectric Constant of ZnO/PDMS Composite

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi12060630 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 630

Author(s):

Yerkezhan Amangeldinova ◽

Dimaral Aben ◽

Xiaoting Ma ◽

Heesang Ahn ◽

Kyujung Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Constant ◽

Piezoelectric Layer ◽

Output Voltage ◽

Figure Of Merit ◽

Dielectric Constants ◽

Output Performance ◽

Piezoelectric Layers ◽

High Dielectric ◽

Piezoelectric Nanogenerators ◽

Electrical Output

Structural optimizations of the piezoelectric layer in nanogenerators have been predicted to enhance the output performance in terms of the figure of merit. Here, we report the effect of dielectric constant on electrical outputs of piezoelectric nanogenerator using ZnO/PDMS composites with varied ZnO coverages. The dielectric constant of piezoelectric layers was adjusted from 3.37 to 6.75. The electrical output voltage of 9 mV was achieved in the nanogenerator containing the ZnO/PDMS composite with the dielectric constant of 3.46, which is an 11.3-fold enhancement compared to the value of the nanogenerator featuring the composite with high dielectric constants. Significantly, lowering the dielectric constant of the piezoelectric layer improves the electrical output performance of piezoelectric nanogenerators.

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Enhanced dielectric properties of conductive-dielectric composites by reducing particle size and core@shell method

Functional Materials Letters ◽

10.1142/s1793604718500108 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (01) ◽

pp. 1850010 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yuqiang Guo ◽

Yifei Wang ◽

Yaxuan Ren ◽

Mingzhu Fu ◽

Hongmei Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Dielectric Constant ◽

Dielectric Properties ◽

Dielectric Loss ◽

Mass Fraction ◽

Core Shell ◽

Particle Sizes ◽

Conductive Particle ◽

Threshold Theory ◽

Conductive Polyaniline

Based on the percolation threshold theory of conductive-dielectric composites, the dielectric constant can be improved more by adding a certain mass fraction of conductive particle into polymer matrix. However, the dielectric loss increases with the increasing mass fraction of conductive particle. In this paper, conductive Polyaniline (PANI) with different particle sizes is utilized to illustrate that reducing particle size can improve the dielectric properties. The dielectric constant is increased from 319 to 540, and dielectric loss is decreased from 2.34 to 0.85 when PANI with smaller particle size is used. Moreover, PANI coated with an insulating surfactant layer can further improve the dielectric properties, the experimental results show that the dielectric constant of the composite could be more than 1000, while the dielectric loss is 0.35 at 1[Formula: see text]KHz.

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Amphiphobic triboelectric nanogenerators based on silica enhanced thermoplastic polymeric nanofiber membranes

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c9nr09925e ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 4527-4536 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Shan Yan ◽

Keyi Dong ◽

Jianwei Lu ◽

Wei Song ◽

Ru Xiao

Keyword(s):

Harsh Environment ◽

Output Performance ◽

Nanofiber Membranes ◽

Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽

Electrical Output

The high electrical output performance and excellent droplet-repellency of amphiphobic TENG based on silica enhanced thermoplastic polymeric nanofiber membranes will make it more favorable to be utilized in a harsh environment.

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The influence of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on the structure, optical and dielectric properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)

Modern Physics Letters B ◽

10.1142/s0217984920503108 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (28) ◽

pp. 2050310

Author(s):

M. A. Ramazanov ◽

A. M. Rahimli ◽

F. V. Hajiyeva

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Titanium Dioxide ◽

Dielectric Properties ◽

Surface Area ◽

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽

Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽

Nanocomposite Films ◽

Slight Reduction ◽

Insulation Systems ◽

Nanoparticle Content

The tendency to improve the properties of insulating materials by incorporating inorganic nanoparticles has become necessary in order to design new insulation systems. In this study, PVC/TiO2-based nanocomposites with different loadings (3, 5 and 10 wt.%) of TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by the solution mixing method. The morphology of the prepared nanocomposites was studied by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). Experimentally, it was found that as the concentration increases, the size of the surface structural elements and particle size increases. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis of samples shows improvement compared to the pristine polymer. Furthermore, PL intensity for nanocomposites increases depending on the concentration and saturation occurs at a certain amount of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The increase in luminescence intensity till a certain nanoparticle content is due to the growth of the luminescent surface area. Further saturation is explained by the increase in particle size with no increase or a slight reduction in surface area. Dielectric properties of nanocomposites were studied. It was found that dielectric permittivity of the materials increases as the nanoparticle volume content increases and it reaches at its highest value for the nanocomposites with 3% nanoparticle content. The optical properties of the polymer and nanocomposite films were studied in the region 200 nm to 600 nm. It was found that the PVC/TiO2 nanocomposites showed enhancement in the absorbance intensities which was more significant for the nanocomposites with higher nanoparticle content compared to the pristine polymer. Furthermore, absorption spectra were used to calculate the optical bandgap of the prepared nanocomposite films and redshift observed in the calculated values of bandgap for nanocomposites. Consequently, it was proved that by incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles into the polymer matrix, the spectral region of the samples can be expanded resulting in broadened application of such systems in various fields of science and technology.

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The effects of TiC@AlOOH core–shell nanoparticles on the dielectric properties of PVDF based nanocomposites

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra27296c ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (30) ◽

pp. 25015-25022 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Weng Ling ◽

Li Hongxia ◽

Ju Peihai ◽

Wang Ting ◽

Liu Lizhu

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Constant ◽

Dielectric Properties ◽

Nanocomposite Films ◽

Core Shell ◽

Shell Nanoparticles ◽

Core Shell Nanoparticles

The dielectric constant of PVDF/TiC@AlOOH nanocomposite films is as high as 1.8 × 107 at 100 Hz.

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Dielectric Measurements in the Study of Carbon Black and Zinc Oxide Dispersion in Rubber

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3546436 ◽

1939 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 317-331

Author(s):

A. R. Kemp ◽

D. B. Herrmann

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Dielectric Constant ◽

Zinc Oxide ◽

Dielectric Properties ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Oxide Dispersion ◽

Dielectric Measurements ◽

Thermal Decomposition Process ◽

Rubber Compounds

Abstract The dielectric constant, power factor, conductivity and d.c. resistivity of rubber compounds containing various types and quantities of zinc oxide and carbon pigments have been measured. It has been shown that the dielectric properties of rubber compounds having high loadings of zinc oxide depend on the particle size and purity of the zinc oxide used. The French process oxides with the smallest particle size were found superior to other grades. Water-soluble impurities in zinc oxide are shown to have a deleterious effect on dielectric properties, especially in the presence of moisture. The effect on dielectric properties of adding carbon black to a rubber compound has been shown to be dependent on the type and amount of black added, and on the nature of its dispersion in the rubber. The dielectric properties of rubber compounds containing “soft” black made by the thermal decomposition process are shown to be distinctly superior to, and widely different from, those of the same compounds containing equal amounts of channel process black. The general conclusion has been reached that the smaller the particle size and the better the dispersion of carbon pigments in the rubber, the greater will be the increase in the dielectric constant and conductivity, and the greater will be the decrease in resistivity.

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A study on polarization properties of the carbon black modified 0-3 cement-based piezoelectric composites

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.791 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 174-177 ◽

pp. 791-794

Author(s):

Mi Mi Li ◽

Shi Feng Huang ◽

Shi Hui Xie ◽

Mei Juan Zhou ◽

Xin Cheng

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Constant ◽

Dielectric Properties ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Piezoelectric Ceramic ◽

Piezoelectric Composite ◽

Poling Field ◽

Piezoelectric Composites ◽

Poling Temperature ◽

Piezoelectric Strain ◽

Piezoelectric Voltage

A carbon black modified 0–3 cement-based piezoelectric composite was fabricated with piezoelectric ceramic [0.08Pb(Li1/4Nb3/4)O•0.47PbTiO3•0.45PbZrO3], sulphoaluminate cement and carbon black by compressing technique. The influences of poling conditions on the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the composites were investigated. The results show that the higher poling electric field, the longer poling time and the higher poling temperature, the composites have the higher piezoelectric strain factor d33, piezoelectric voltage factor g33, dielectric constant εr and dielectric loss tanδ. At the same time, the carbon black modified composites are polarized more easily than the unmodified composites, and have better piezoelectric and dielectric properties. Meanwhile, the optimum poling conditions were obtained, and the optimum poling field E, poling time t and poling temperature T were 4 kV/mm, 20 min and 80 °C.

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Size dependence of the polarization and dielectric properties of KNbO3 nanoparticles

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c4ra03613a ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (44) ◽

pp. 23344-23350 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Haiyan Ge ◽

Yuanye Huang ◽

Yudong Hou ◽

Han Xiao ◽

Mankang Zhu

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Dielectric Constant ◽

Dielectric Properties ◽

Spontaneous Polarization ◽

Size Dependence ◽

Nanoscale Materials

The spontaneous polarization and dielectric constant of nanocrystalline KNbO3 were strongly influenced by the particle size, and reached at the highest value at 100 nm. The present work is useful to study other ferroelectric nanoscale materials.

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Boosting performances of triboelectric nanogenerators by optimizing dielectric properties and thickness of electrification layer

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/d0ra02181d ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (30) ◽

pp. 17752-17759 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Xiaofang Kang ◽

Chongxiang Pan ◽

Yanghui Chen ◽

Xiong Pu

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Constant ◽

Dielectric Properties ◽

High Dielectric Constant ◽

Filler Content ◽

Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽

Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽

High Dielectric

Enhanced output performances of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) are achieved by optimizing the high-dielectric-constant filler content in the electrification layer and decreasing its thickness.

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