scholarly journals Recommendations for an Open Science approach to welding process research data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cagtay Fabry ◽  
Andreas Pittner ◽  
Volker Hirthammer ◽  
Michael Rethmeier
Keyword(s):  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
File Format ◽  
Data Format ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Science Community

AbstractThe increasing adoption of Open Science principles has been a prevalent topic in the welding science community over the last years. Providing access to welding knowledge in the form of complex and complete datasets in addition to peer-reviewed publications can be identified as an important step to promote knowledge exchange and cooperation. There exist previous efforts on building data models specifically for fusion welding applications; however, a common agreed upon implementation that is used by the community is still lacking. One proven approach in other domains has been the use of an openly accessible and agreed upon file and data format used for archiving and sharing domain knowledge in the form of experimental data. Going into a similar direction, the welding community faces particular practical, technical, and also ideological challenges that are discussed in this paper. Collaboratively building upon previous work with modern tools and platforms, the authors motivate, propose, and outline the use of a common file format specifically tailored to the needs of the welding research community as a complement to other already established Open Science practices. Successfully establishing a culture of openly accessible research data has the potential to significantly stimulate progress in welding research.

scholarly journals Open science practices and risks arising from misuse of biological research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Andrew Smith ◽  
Jonas Sandbrink
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Societal Benefit ◽  
General Importance ◽  
Science Community ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Programming Interfaces

The proliferation of open science may inadvertently increase the chance of deliberate or accidental misuse of research. Here, we examine the interaction between open science practices and biosecurity and biosafety to identify risks and opportunities for risk mitigation. We argue that open data, code, and materials may increase risks from research with misuse potential, despite their general importance. For instance, increased access to protocols, datasets, and computational methods for viral engineering may increase the risk of release of enhanced pathogens. For this dangerous subset of research, both open science and biosecurity goals may be achieved by using access-controlled repositories or application programming interfaces. The increased use of preprints could challenge any strategy for risk mitigation that relies on assessment at the publication stage, emphasising the need for earlier oversight in the research lifecycle. Preregistration of research, a practice promoted by the open science community, provides an opportunity for achieving biosecurity risk assessment at the conception of research. Open science and biosecurity experts have an important role to play in enabling responsible research with maximal societal benefit.

scholarly journals Optimizing the Scientific Study of Suicide with Open and Transparent Research Practices

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Carpenter ◽  
Keyne C. Law
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Large Samples ◽  
Science Community ◽  
Standard Practices

Suicide research is vitally important, yet—like psychology research more broadly—faces methodological challenges. In recent years, researchers have raised concerns about standard practices in psychological research, concerns that apply to suicide research and raise questions about its robustness and validity. In the present paper, we review these concerns and the corresponding solutions put forth by the ‘open science’ community. These include using open science platforms, pre-registering studies, ensuring reproducible analyses, using high-powered studies, ensuring open access to research materials and products, and conducting replication studies. We build upon existing guides, address specific obstacles faced by suicide researchers, and offer a clear set of recommended practices for suicide researchers. In particular, we consider challenges that suicide researchers may face in seeking to adopt ‘open science’ practices (e.g., prioritizing large samples) and suggest possible strategies that the field may use in order to ensure robust and transparent research, despite these challenges.

scholarly journals Pre-print of Assessing Open Science Practices in Phytolith Research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Karoune
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Open Science ◽  
International Code ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Data Format ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Botanical Remains

Open science is becoming an integral part of all scientific research but the extent of these practices in phytolith research is unknown. Phytolith analysis examines silica bodies that are initially formed within and between plant cells during the life of the plant but become deposited in sediments once the plant dies. Their use in both archaeobotanical and palaeoecological studies has been ever increasing in recent years and consequently has seen an upsurge in publications. This article aims to assess open science practices in this field by reviewing data and metadata sharing, and open access, in a sample of journal articles containing primary phytolith data from 16 prominent archaeological and palaeoecological journals (341 articles). It builds on similar studies conducted for zooarchaeology (Kansa et al. 2020) and macro-botanical remains (Lodwick 2019). Data in this study was collected concerning data format, reusability of data, inclusion of phytolith morphotype pictures for identification purposes and a fully described method, use of the International code for phytolith nomenclature (ICPN) and whether the articles were open access. Steps forward are then suggested to use as a starting point for discussions in the wider phytolith and archaeological communities to develop guidelines for greater integration of open science practices.

scholarly journals AN OPEN SCIENCE ‘STATE OF THE ART’ FOR HONG KONG: MAKING OPEN RESEARCH DATA AVAILABLE TO SUPPORT HONG KONG’S INNOVATION POLICY

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naubahar Sharif ◽  
Waltraut Ritter ◽  
Rob Davidson ◽  
Scott C Edmunds
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Open Research

Pre-print surveying policies and open science practices in Hong Kong, hopefully providing lessons on how best to make open research data available, and how that will support Hong Kong's innovation policy.

scholarly journals Open Science at Liberal Arts Colleges

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin A. Lane ◽  
Benjamin Le ◽  
Julie A. Woodzicka ◽  
Jerusha Detweiler-Bedell ◽  
Brian Detweiler-Bedell
Keyword(s):  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Liberal Arts Colleges ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Student Interactions ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Science Community ◽  
Small Liberal Arts Colleges ◽  
Teaching Responsibilities ◽  
Faculty Student Interactions

Adopting and sustaining open science practices is accompanied by particular opportunities and challenges for faculty at small liberal arts colleges (SLACs). Their predominantly undergraduate student body, small size, limited resources, substantial teaching responsibilities, and focus on intensive faculty-student interactions make it difficult to normalize open science at SLACs. However, given the unique synergy between teaching and research at SLACs, many of these practices are well-suited for work with undergraduate psychology students. In addition, the opportunities for collaboration afforded by the open science community may be especially attractive for those doing research at SLACs. In this paper, we offer suggestions for how open science can further grow and flourish among faculty who work closely with undergraduates, both in classrooms and in labs. We also discuss how to encourage professional development and transform institutional culture around open science practices. Most importantly, this paper serves as an invitation to SLAC psychology faculty to participate in the open science community.

scholarly journals Open Research Data and Open Peer Review: Perceptions of a Medical and Health Sciences Community in Greece

Publications ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Eirini Delikoura ◽  
Dimitrios Kouis
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
To Receive

Recently significant initiatives have been launched for the dissemination of Open Access as part of the Open Science movement. Nevertheless, two other major pillars of Open Science such as Open Research Data (ORD) and Open Peer Review (OPR) are still in an early stage of development among the communities of researchers and stakeholders. The present study sought to unveil the perceptions of a medical and health sciences community about these issues. Through the investigation of researchers` attitudes, valuable conclusions can be drawn, especially in the field of medicine and health sciences, where an explosive growth of scientific publishing exists. A quantitative survey was conducted based on a structured questionnaire, with 179 valid responses. The participants in the survey agreed with the Open Peer Review principles. However, they ignored basic terms like FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) and appeared incentivized to permit the exploitation of their data. Regarding Open Peer Review (OPR), participants expressed their agreement, implying their support for a trustworthy evaluation system. Conclusively, researchers need to receive proper training for both Open Research Data principles and Open Peer Review processes which combined with a reformed evaluation system will enable them to take full advantage of the opportunities that arise from the new scholarly publishing and communication landscape.

Journal Editor and Associate Editor Perspectives on Research Reproducibility and Open Science

2021 ◽  
pp. 074193252110172
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Maggin
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Special Education ◽  
Journal Editor ◽  
Associate Editor ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Journal Editors ◽  
Education School ◽  
Special Education School ◽  
Insight Into

Interest in transparent and open science is increasing in special education, school psychology, and related disciplines. Proponents for open science reforms provide evidence that researchers in special education, and the broader social sciences, engage in practices that mitigates its credibility and reduces the validity of information disseminated to practitioners and policymakers. In light of these issues, this article reports on a survey of journal editors-in-chief and associate editors to gain insight into concerns regarding research reproducibility, and the familiarity and viability of open science for improving research credibility. Results indicate that respondents were concerned about research reproducibility, were moderately familiar with open science practices, and viewed many as effective for improving research credibility. Finally, respondents supported the use of journals to encourage open science practices though there was little support for requiring their use. Findings are discussed in relation to open science and implications for research and practice.

scholarly journals Learning Open Science by doing Open Science. A reflection of a qualitative research project-based seminar

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-279
Author(s):  
Isabel Steinhardt
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Bachelor's Degrees ◽  
Participatory Technologies ◽  
Digital Knowledge

Openness in science and education is increasing in importance within the digital knowledge society. So far, less attention has been paid to teaching Open Science in bachelor’s degrees or in qualitative methods. Therefore, the aim of this article is to use a seminar example to explore what Open Science practices can be taught in qualitative research and how digital tools can be involved. The seminar focused on the following practices: Open data practices, the practice of using the free and open source tool “Collaborative online Interpretation, the practice of participating, cooperating, collaborating and contributing through participatory technologies and in social (based) networks. To learn Open Science practices, the students were involved in a qualitative research project about “Use of digital technologies for the study and habitus of students”. The study shows the practices of Open Data are easy to teach, whereas the use of free and open source tools and participatory technologies for collaboration, participation, cooperation and contribution is more difficult. In addition, a cultural shift would have to take place within German universities to promote Open Science practices in general.

A Simplified Numerical Approach for Finding the Temperature Distribution in Submerged arc Welding Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 315-318
Author(s):  
Aparesh Datta ◽  
Subodh Debbarma ◽  
Subhash Chandra Saha
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Submerged Arc Welding ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Arc Welding Process ◽  
Submerged Arc

The quality of joining has assumed a greater role in fabrication of metal in recent years, because of the development of new alloys with tremendously increased strength and toughness. Submerged arc welding is a high heat input fusion welding process in which weld is produced by moving localized heat source along the joint. The weld quality in turn affected by thermal cycle that the weldment experiences during the welding. In the present study a simple comprehensive mathematical model has been developed using a moving heat source and analyzing the temperature on one section and then the temperature distribution of other section are correlated with time delay with reference analyzed section.

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