scholarly journals Interactions between wind and water erosion change sediment yield and particle distribution under simulated conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dengfeng Tuo ◽  
Mingxiang Xu ◽  
Yunge Zhao ◽  
Liqian Gao
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Particle Distribution ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Wind And Water Erosion

scholarly journals Soil erosion by snow gliding – a first quantification attempt in a subalpine area in Switzerland

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 3763-3775 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Meusburger ◽  
G. Leitinger ◽  
L. Mabit ◽  
M. H. Mueller ◽  
A. Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Snow Gliding

Abstract. Snow processes might be one important driver of soil erosion in Alpine grasslands and thus the unknown variable when erosion modelling is attempted. The aim of this study is to assess the importance of snow gliding as a soil erosion agent for four different land use/land cover types in a subalpine area in Switzerland. We used three different approaches to estimate soil erosion rates: sediment yield measurements in snow glide depositions, the fallout radionuclide 137Cs and modelling with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). RUSLE permits the evaluation of soil loss by water erosion, the 137Cs method integrates soil loss due to all erosion agents involved, and the measurement of snow glide deposition sediment yield can be directly related to snow-glide-induced erosion. Further, cumulative snow glide distance was measured for the sites in the winter of 2009/2010 and modelled for the surrounding area and long-term average winter precipitation (1959–2010) with the spatial snow glide model (SSGM). Measured snow glide distance confirmed the presence of snow gliding and ranged from 2 to 189 cm, with lower values on the north-facing slopes. We observed a reduction of snow glide distance with increasing surface roughness of the vegetation, which is an important information with respect to conservation planning and expected and ongoing land use changes in the Alps. Snow glide erosion estimated from the snow glide depositions was highly variable with values ranging from 0.03 to 22.9 t ha−1 yr−1 in the winter of 2012/2013. For sites affected by snow glide deposition, a mean erosion rate of 8.4 t ha−1 yr−1 was found. The difference in long-term erosion rates determined with RUSLE and 137Cs confirms the constant influence of snow-glide-induced erosion, since a large difference (lower proportion of water erosion compared to total net erosion) was observed for sites with high snow glide rates and vice versa. Moreover, the difference between RUSLE and 137Cs erosion rates was related to the measured snow glide distance (R2 = 0.64; p < 0.005) and to the snow deposition sediment yields (R2 = 0.39; p = 0.13). The SSGM reproduced the relative difference of the measured snow glide values under different land uses and land cover types. The resulting map highlighted the relevance of snow gliding for large parts of the investigated area. Based on these results, we conclude that snow gliding appears to be a crucial and non-negligible process impacting soil erosion patterns and magnitude in subalpine areas with similar topographic and climatic conditions.

Erosional sand columns in dune sands, Cape Sable Island, Nova Scotia, Canada

1969 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf A. Gees ◽  
Anil K. Lyall
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Dune Sands ◽  
Wind And Water Erosion

Miniature sand columns eroded into crossbedded dune sands are described. Apparently the columns formed after the spring thaw by wind and water erosion.

Quantifying provenance of reservoir sediment using multiple composite fingerprints in an arid region experiencing both wind and water erosion

Geomorphology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 332 ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baicheng Niu ◽  
Jianjun Qu ◽  
Xunchang (John) Zhang ◽  
Benli Liu ◽  
Lihai Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Reservoir Sediment ◽  
Wind And Water Erosion

scholarly journals Technologies and Technical Means for Anti-Erosion Differentiated Soil Treatment System

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 05036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakhadir Mirzaev ◽  
Farmon Mamatov ◽  
Ikromjon Avazov ◽  
Sherzod Mardonov
Keyword(s):  
Wind Erosion ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
First Year ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Aggregate Productivity ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
Wind And Water Erosion

This paper highlights the necessity of system modification of the main soil slopes processing by developing new technologies of processing eroded soils and technical means to protect a soil from wind and water erosion, reduce processing energy costs, improve moisture accumulation and preservation, and increase the aggregate productivity. An improved differentiated system of slopes soil tilling is proposed, including a crest-stepped ploughing with complete alternation (at 180° within the range of own furrow) and incomplete turnover of the layers and mouldboardless two-tier tilling. During the first year, a crest-stepped ploughing was carried out on slope fields affected by water and wind erosion. Thus, stratum’s subsurface layers are strip loosened. To implement this technology, an improved plough for crest-stepped ploughing developed on the basis of a stepped plough for furrowless smooth tillage is proposed. The rotation was carried out with mould boardless two-tier soil tilling by a ripper with inclined posts. Further, it is recommended to develop and implement combined machines able to simultaneously conduct mould boardless and mouldboard soil tilling, strip subsurface loosening, fertilizer application and other manipulations to prepare soil for sowing and the sowing per one passage of the unit to protect soil from wind and water erosion.

scholarly journals The Thresholds of Sediment-Generating Rainfall from Hillslope to Watershed Scales in the Loess Plateau, China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2392
Author(s):  
Liang ◽  
Jiao ◽  
Dang ◽  
Cao
Keyword(s):  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Rainfall Amount ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Erosive Rainfall ◽  
Hillslope Scale

Obtaining practical thresholds for erosive rainfall plays a crucial role in calculating rainfall erosivity and predicting water erosion. Nevertheless, the study of thresholds on subwatershed and watershed scales remains scarce. Given this, we presented the critical rainfall that generated the outflows of subwatersheds and watersheds as the threshold of sediment-generating rainfall. On the basis of the observation of twelve nested topographical units at the Peijiamaogou watershed in the Loess Plateau of China, we fitted regression relationships between rainfall indexes (rainfall amount, maximum 30-min intensity, maximum 60-min intensity, rainfall amount multiply maximum 30-min intensity, and rainfall amount multiply maximum 60-min intensity) and the proportion of cumulative sediment yield to the total sediment yield. We determined the thresholds of sediment-generating rainfall and explored the variabilities of thresholds across different spatial scales. Moreover, the covering area proportion (CAP) with rainfall indexes higher than the thresholds was also employed as thresholds at the subwatershed and watershed scales. The thresholds of CAP for P and I30 were 50.5% and 47.6% at the subwatershed scale, while 31.0% and 30.3% at the watershed scale. The thresholds of P and I30 at the subwatershed scale were higher than those of hillslope scale, while the threshold of I30 at the watershed scale was smaller compared to the other scales. In general, I30 was viewed as the best threshold among single rainfall indexes across different spatial scales, while P was not recommended as a practical threshold. This study can improve the prediction accuracy of water erosion across different spatial scales and develop the spatial scale effect of sediment yield in the loess hilly areas.

Polymeric Nursery Bed Stabilization to Reduce Seed Losses in Forest Nurseries

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
William C. Carlson ◽  
John G. Anthony ◽  
R. P. Plyler
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Seed Zone ◽  
Forest Nurseries ◽  
Wind And Water Erosion

Abstract A polymerization treatment using Geotech, a copolymer of acrylate and vinyl acetate monomers, was used to stabilize forest nursery beds to substantially reduce wind and water erosion. Such treatment did not affect either the temperature of the seed zone in the soil or germinant emergence.Seed losses were reduced by the treatment, resulting in increased nursery yield. South. J. Appl. For. 11(2):116-119.

Mineral soil surface crusts and wind and water erosion

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1065-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Singer ◽  
Isaac Shainberg
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Wind And Water Erosion
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