scholarly journals Growing Non-native Trees in European Forests Brings Benefits and Opportunities but Also Has Its Risks and Limits

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-353
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Pötzelsberger ◽  
Heinrich Spiecker ◽  
Charalambos Neophytou ◽  
Frits Mohren ◽  
Anna Gazda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
European Forests ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Native Tree Species ◽  
Growing Conditions

Abstract Purpose of Review Non-native tree species (NNT) raise a range of different associations and emotions—to many citizens they are just an exotic curiosity in parks, to many conservationists they are an evil to native ecosystems that should be eradicated, to a rising group of foresters they are part of the solution to climate change and an increasing timber demand, and to others they are already daily forestry business. In this review, where we also summarise the findings of the recent COST Action FP1403 (NNEXT) ‘Non-native tree species for European forests: experiences, risks and opportunities’, we highlight opportunities and challenges in the light of climate change, ecological risks and legislative limits of growing non-native tree species in Europe. Recent Findings Few NNT in Europe show invasive behaviour and are listed as prohibited species or as species to be monitored. A larger number of NNT is utilised in productive forestry and forest restoration due to their superior growth, valuable timber properties and good performance under harsh growing conditions. Current species distribution, experiences with success and failures and environmental concerns differ profoundly across Europe, with Western Europe overall revealing higher shares in NNT and showing a stronger interest of forestry related stakeholder groups to continue planting NNT. Summary Many more NNT are already used in forestry than previously thought, but relatively few species have major importance in terms of area, mainly in western European countries. Diversification, mixing and avoidance of invasion in relation to NNT are necessities that are relatively new on the agenda. In contrast, provenance research of major NNT has been going on for many decades and now provides important information for climate change adaptation. Despite the limitations to the use of NNT either through legal restrictions or forest certification that differ considerably across Europe, the careful integration of a range of tested NNT also into future forest management planning shows a high potential for climate change adaptation and mitigation.

Climate change adaptation with non-native tree species in Central European forests: early tree survival in a multi-site field trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Frischbier ◽  
Petia Simeonova Nikolova ◽  
Peter Brang ◽  
Raphael Klumpp ◽  
Gregor Aas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Forests ◽  
Tree Survival ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Site Field ◽  
Native Tree Species

Diné kinship as a framework for conserving native tree species in climate change

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime O. Yazzie ◽  
Peter Z. Fulé ◽  
Yeon‐Su Kim ◽  
Andrew Sánchez Meador
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Native Tree Species

scholarly journals Site‐specific risk assessment enables trade‐off analysis of non‐native tree species in European forests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Bindewald ◽  
Giuseppe Brundu ◽  
Silvio Schueler ◽  
Uwe Starfinger ◽  
Jürgen Bauhus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
European Forests ◽  
Specific Risk ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Native Tree Species

Non-native tree species: strategies for sustainable management in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lj. KEČA ◽  
M. MARČETA ◽  
G. BOŽIČ ◽  
S. PERIĆ ◽  
I. TSVETKOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Native Tree Species

The prospects and challenges for non-native tree species (NNTS) in Southeast Europe (SEE) were analyzed using a combination of SWOT Analysis and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Preference data from three groups of opinion leaders with extensive knowledge of the silviculture, ecology and impact of climate change on NNTS in SEE (researchers, practitioners and decision-makers) were used. Results revealed that strengths and opportunities for all three analyzed elements outweigh their weaknesses and threats. In the review of silviculture, key strengths and opportunities were identified as high p roductivity, adaptation to afforestation of degraded lands, gap filling in forest ecosystems after the loss of native tree species, and higher volume growth of NNTS compared to native tree species. Strength-Opportunity (SO) elements related to climate change were found to be adaptive management responsiveness to climate change and increased length of growing period, possibility of better-adapted mixtures with NNTS under climate change, and replacement of tree species that are sensitive to pests and outbreaks resulting from climate change. These results provide important insights into different segments of strategy approach of sustainable management of NNTS in relation to management, silviculture and climate change practices in SEE.

scholarly journals Selection of Native Tree Species for Subtropical Forest Restoration in Southwest China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e0170418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Lu ◽  
Sailesh Ranjitkar ◽  
Rhett D. Harrison ◽  
Jianchu Xu ◽  
Xiaokun Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Subtropical Forest ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Native Tree Species ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Inventory of native and mother trees in Key Biodiversity Areas of Cebu Island, Philippines for species selection in local reforestation programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgardo P. Lillo ◽  
ARCHIEBALD B. MALAKI ◽  
STEVE MICHAEL T. ALCAZAR ◽  
RAAMAH ROSALES ◽  
BERNARDO R. REDOBLADO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Native Tree Species ◽  
Planting Materials

Abstract. Lillo EP, Malaki AB, Alcazar SMT, Rosales R, Redoblado BR, Diaz JLB, Pantinople EM, Buot Jr. IE. 2021. Inventory of native and mother trees in Key Biodiversity Areas of Cebu Island, Philippines for species selection in local reforestation programs. Biodiversitas 22: 4740-4749. Forest restoration is the counterforce of deforestation and forest degradation. Yet, despite promoting natural recovery after forest harvest, afforestation and reforestation efforts, tropical forest ecosystems still experience a poor ratio of forest loss to forest gain. The study assessed the native tree species and potential mother trees in different Cebu Island Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) as well as their distribution and habitat preferences which can be used in local reforestation programs. A vegetation survey was conducted in three KBAs in Cebu Island, namely Nug-as forest, Mount Lantoy and Mount Capayas to inventory all native species. Assessment based on the phenotypic characteristics of adult trees was also conducted for indicating mother trees. This study in Cebu Island KBAs recorded a total of 292 species, categorized into 125 families and 203 genera, which can be classified into native trees (210), vines and lianas (18), shrub (37), and herbs (27). Out of the 292 species, 214 were recorded in Nug-as forest, 172 in Mount Lantoy, and 145 in Mount Capayas. Of the 210 native tree species, Nug-as forest had 145 species, Mount Lantoy 131 species, and Mount Capayas 109 species. A total of 241 mother trees were identified in the three KBAs, corresponding to 77 species in which Nug-as forest had 143 trees correspond to 52 species, Mount Lantoy had 68 trees correspond to 29 species, and Mount Capayas had 31 trees correspond to 6 species. Such native tree species are recommended for reforestation programs as planting materials that could reduce the risks of failure due to its high adaptability to the environment.

scholarly journals Seedling Recruitment of Native Tree Species in Active Restoration Forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Yingluck Ratanapongsai
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Forest Habitat ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Framework Species ◽  
Native Tree Species ◽  
Seedling Community

Since 1970’s, large are of deforestation and forest conversion to agriculture in the northern mountains of Thailand grew concern of environmental impact. Forest restoration became an important strategy to rapidly increase forest habitat in a wide-scale in Thailand. The Framework Species (FWS) technique is an active forest restoration that has been developed to restored forest habitat and ecosystem on former-agriculture land in the northern Thailand. After planting 20-30 framework species, the method then relies on incoming native tree species to sustain forest succession. However, there has been little known about the recruitment of native tree species and factors limiting the recruitment in this area. The study compared recruit native tree species in the seedling community of the FWS restoration and nearby seed source to assess how many of those are recruit or absent from the community. The factor of seed-dispersed agents and seed sized was investigated as the possible limited factors of the recruitment and compared among 3 restoration periods (at age 6, 10, and 14 years). The result reveals half of native species were absent from the seedling community across all 3 restoration ages. Seed available was a major limitation for the recruitment of native tree species. Big-seeded species had higher chance to be limited than small-seeded species to recruit in the restoration site (p-value = 0.0249 by the Tukey test). whilst seed-dispersed agents were not limited (p-values=0.420 by Chi square). The FWS forests efficiently facilitated seedlings of native tree species to recruit at the similar recruitment rates across all 3 ages of restoration. However, the technique was still limited in regard of seed available. Species of less common or rarer might need to be included for the FWS plantation in the future to enhance species diversity and better outcome of the restoration.

scholarly journals Non-native tree species in the viewpoint of climate change

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 401-402
Author(s):  
Martina Đodan ◽  
Robert Brus ◽  
Sanja Perić ◽  
Kristina Pratasiene ◽  
Milan Oršanić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Quercus Rubra ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Juglans Nigra ◽  
Fraxinus Americana ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Native Tree Species

Gospodarenje alohtonim vrstama ima tradiciju u hrvatskome šumarstvu, ali njihov potencijal se treba ponovno razmotriti i ocijeniti u novonastalim okvirima klimatskih promjena te rastućim potrebama društva za šumskim proizvodima i uslugama. Unatoč činjenici da svaka država ima svoj popis introduciranih vrsta, uključujući i Hrvatsku, autori prihvaćaju definiciju COST Akcije FP1403 NNEXT te rad baziraju na šumskim vrstama drveća kojima se prirodni areal nalazi izvan granica Europe. Ovaj pregledni rad doprinos je saznanjima o introdukciji i aktivnoj uporabi alohtonih vrsta u zemlji, a obuhvaća dostupne znanstvene i stručne studije te primjere uspješne uporabe u gospodarenju šumama. Zbog složenosti ove problematike autori će objaviti pregled rizika i izazova uporabe alohtonih vrsta u zasebnome radu. Dostupni podaci o prisutnosti alohtonih vrsta na pokusnim objektima te u šumarskoj praksi ukazuju kako se u praksi koristi tek manji broj vrsta (Tablica 1), dok su stvarni potencijal i njihove koristi daleko veće. Analiza podataka ukazuje kako su najzastupljenije alohtone vrste u šumarskoj praksi: Robinia pseudoacacia L. (12003.88 ha), Pinus strobus L. (3218.69 ha), Juglans nigra L. (2376.66 ha), F. pennsylvanica Marshall. i Fraxinus americana L.(1099.77 ha), Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. (393,05 ha) i L Quercus rubra. (51,99 ha). Podaci o proizvodnji šumskoga reprodukcijskog materijala navedenih vrsta ukazuje da rasadnička proizvodnja nije usklađena s potencijalom njihove uporabe u praksi. U radu se daje i iscrpan pregled različitih gledišta i koristi uzgoja alohtonih vrsta u Hrvatskoj. Samo neke od njih su (Slika 1, Tablica 2): nove mogućnosti proizvodnje visoko kvalitetnog drveta u kraćim ophodnjama, kao i drveta za bioenergiju, novih drvnih proizvoda i tehnologija; socijane koristi (mali i srednji poduzetnici, privatni šumoposjednici); povećanje stabilnosti i adaptabilnosti šumskih sastojina, ali samo u slučajevima velikih šteta i male plastičnosti i otpornosti domaćih vrsta; smanjenje intenziteta šumskouzgojnih radova, kao i uloženih sredstava na pripremi staništa prilikom pošumljavanja; ostvarivanje većih mogućnosti uporabe zapuštenoga poljoprivrednog zemljišta i ostalih prikladnih površina; sanacija progala ili većih površina nakon šteta u sastojinama domaćih vrsta (npr. obične smreke); supstitucija osjetljivih vrsta otpornijim i plastičnijim vrstama (mogućnosti mješovitih ili obogaćenih sastojina otpornijim alohtonim vrstama) te umanjenje negativnog djelovanja biotskih i abiotskih čimbenika. Njihova uporaba u sanaciji površina te konverziji degradiranih i devastiranih šuma pruža nove mogućnosti posebice na područjima s nepovoljnim ekološkim uvjetima, za koja se predviđa da će biti najpogođenija područja Hrvatske u budućnosti. Alohtone vrste mogu osigurati i niz opće korisnih funkcija šuma (npr. povećanje vezanja ugljika, fitoremedijacija zagađenih tala). Zbog složenosti problematike preporučujemo da se odluke o uporabi alohtonih vrsta donose na osnovi usporedbe s domaćim vrstama za svako stanište te na osnovi pregleda potencijalnih koristi, ali i rizika i izazova. Ističemo kako pojedine alohtone vrste treba poticati, dok neke zbog svoga invanzivnog potencijala trebaju biti strogo ograničene. Uporaba visokoproduktivnih, otpornijih i plastičnijih alohtonih vrsta predstavlja nova šumskouzgojna rješenja, koja su posebice važna u smislu pripreme staništa za prihvat autohtonih vrsta te povećanja otpornosti i plastičnosti šumskih sastojina, što je neizostavna komponenta adaptacijskih strategija gospodarenja šumama. Ipak, daljnja znanstvena istraživanja potrebna su kako bi se kvantificirala uporabljivost svake alohtone vrste, ali i olakšalo donošenje odluka u praksi.

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