scholarly journals Hierarchical Metal–Organic Frameworks with Macroporosity: Synthesis, Achievements, and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan V. Doan ◽  
Harina Amer Hamzah ◽  
Prasanth Karikkethu Prabhakaran ◽  
Chiara Petrillo ◽  
Valeska P. Ting
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Defect Formation ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Hierarchical Porous ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Structural Template ◽  
Improved Performance

Abstract Introduction of multiple pore size regimes into metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to form hierarchical porous structures can lead to improved performance of the material in various applications. In many cases, where interactions with bulky molecules are involved, enlarging the pore size of typically microporous MOF adsorbents or MOF catalysts is crucial for enhancing both mass transfer and molecular accessibility. In this review, we examine the range of synthetic strategies which have been reported thus far to prepare hierarchical MOFs or MOF composites with added macroporosity. These fabrication techniques can be either pre- or post-synthetic and include using hard or soft structural template agents, defect formation, routes involving supercritical CO2, and 3D printing. We also discuss potential applications and some of the challenges involved with current techniques, which must be addressed if any of these approaches are to be taken forward for industrial applications.

scholarly journals Novel Hierarchical Copper-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Improved Catalytic Performance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Doan ◽  
Srinivasan Madapusi ◽  
Ken Chiang ◽  
Samuel Pattisson ◽  
Stuart H. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Styrene Oxide ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Gas Phase Reactions ◽  
Hierarchical Porous ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Hierarchical Pore

<p>Introducing additional meso- or macroporosity into traditionally microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a very promising way to improve the catalytic performance of these materials, mostly due to the resultant reductions of diffusional barriers during liquid-phase or gas-phase reactions. Here we show that HKUST-1 can be successfully synthesised either via post-synthetic treatment (etching prepared HKUST-1 samples in phosphoric acid, here called HKUST AE) or via <i>in situ</i> crystallisation (exposing the MOF precursor solution to supercritical CO<sub>2</sub>, here called HKUST CO<sub>2</sub>) to produce hierarchically porous structures that are highly beneficial for catalysis. These hierarchical MOFs were characterised by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and gas sorption to confirm the preservation of the microscopic structure and the appearance of macropores in the crystallites. More importantly, the benefits of introducing these hierarchical porous structures into this MOF for improving the diffusion accessibility of reagents to the sample in catalysed liquid- and gas-phase reactions were quantified for the first time. It was found that the hierarchical pore structure helped to increase the reaction conversion of styrene oxide methanolysis (by ~65 % using either HKUST AE and HKUST CO<sub>2</sub>, at 40 <sup>o</sup>C in 25 min) and CO oxidation (by 55 % using HKUST CO<sub>2</sub> at 260 <sup>o</sup>C). These findings demonstrate the advantage of using hierarchical porous MOFs in catalysis.</p>

scholarly journals Novel Hierarchical Copper-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Improved Catalytic Performance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Doan ◽  
Srinivasan Madapusi ◽  
Ken Chiang ◽  
Samuel Pattisson ◽  
Stuart H. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Styrene Oxide ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Gas Phase Reactions ◽  
Hierarchical Porous ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Hierarchical Pore

<p>Introducing additional meso- or macroporosity into traditionally microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a very promising way to improve the catalytic performance of these materials, mostly due to the resultant reductions of diffusional barriers during liquid-phase or gas-phase reactions. Here we show that HKUST-1 can be successfully synthesised either via post-synthetic treatment (etching prepared HKUST-1 samples in phosphoric acid, here called HKUST AE) or via <i>in situ</i> crystallisation (exposing the MOF precursor solution to supercritical CO<sub>2</sub>, here called HKUST CO<sub>2</sub>) to produce hierarchically porous structures that are highly beneficial for catalysis. These hierarchical MOFs were characterised by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and gas sorption to confirm the preservation of the microscopic structure and the appearance of macropores in the crystallites. More importantly, the benefits of introducing these hierarchical porous structures into this MOF for improving the diffusion accessibility of reagents to the sample in catalysed liquid- and gas-phase reactions were quantified for the first time. It was found that the hierarchical pore structure helped to increase the reaction conversion of styrene oxide methanolysis (by ~65 % using either HKUST AE and HKUST CO<sub>2</sub>, at 40 <sup>o</sup>C in 25 min) and CO oxidation (by 55 % using HKUST CO<sub>2</sub> at 260 <sup>o</sup>C). These findings demonstrate the advantage of using hierarchical porous MOFs in catalysis.</p>

Controlled Growth of the Non-centrosymmetric Zn(3-ptz)2 and Zn(Oh)(3-ptz) Metal-organic Frameworks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
javier enriquez ◽  
Ignacio Chi-Duran ◽  
Carolina Manquian ◽  
Felipe Herrera ◽  
Ruben Fritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Thermal Synthesis ◽  
Small Crystals ◽  
Alkaline Environments ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Long Rod

Non-centrosymmetric single-crystal metal-organic frameworks (MOF) are promising candidates for phase-matched nonlinear optical communication, but typical hydrothermal synthesis produces small crystals with relatively low transmittance and poor phase matching. We study the effect of the metal-to-ligand molar ratio and reaction pH on the hydro-thermal synthesis of the non-centrosymmetric Zn(3-ptz)<sub>2</sub> and Zn(OH)(3-ptz) MOFs with <i>in-situ </i>ligand formation. In acidic environments, we find that decreasing the amount of ligand below the stoichiometric molar ratio 1:2 also produces highly transparent single-crystal octahedrons of <b>Zn(3-ptz)<sub>2</sub></b>. In alkaline environments, we obtain long rod-like <b>Zn(OH)(3-ptz) </b>crystals whose length exceeds previous reports by up to four orders of magnitude. Potential applications of these results in the development of MOF-based nonlinear optical devices are discussed.

Synthesis, designing strategies and photocatalytic charge dynamics of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): A catalyzed Photo-degradation approach towards Organic Dyes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayushi Singh ◽  
Ashish Kumar Singh ◽  
Jian-Qiang Liu ◽  
Abhinav Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecule ◽  
Coordination Polymers ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Photo Degradation ◽  
Charge Dynamics ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metal Organic

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) or coordination polymers (CPs) are regarded as new variety of materials that find potential applications in plethora of areas such as gas/small molecule absorption/separation, gas storage, membranes...

scholarly journals Recent Bio-Advances in Metal-Organic Frameworks

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isobel Tibbetts ◽  
George Kostakis
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Inorganic Material ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Bioinspired Materials ◽  
Synthesis Properties ◽  
Metal Organic

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have found uses in adsorption, catalysis, gas storage and other industrial applications. Metal Biomolecule Frameworks (bioMOFs) represent an overlap between inorganic, material and medicinal sciences, utilising the porous frameworks for biologically relevant purposes. This review details advances in bioMOFs, looking at the synthesis, properties and applications of both bioinspired materials and MOFs used for bioapplications, such as drug delivery, imaging and catalysis, with a focus on examples from the last five years.

Potential applications of metal-organic frameworks

2009 ◽  
Vol 253 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 3042-3066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan J. Kuppler ◽  
Daren J. Timmons ◽  
Qian-Rong Fang ◽  
Jian-Rong Li ◽  
Trevor A. Makal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metal Organic

Selective Cyclohexene Oxidation to Allylic Compounds over Cu-triazole Framework via Homolytic Activation of Hydrogen Peroxide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panyapat Ponchai ◽  
Kanyaporn Adpakpang ◽  
Sareeya Bureekaew
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Cyclohexene Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Sites ◽  
P Utilization ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Activation Of Hydrogen Peroxide

Utilization of metal-organic frameworks as heterogeneous catalysts is crucial owing to their abundant catalytic sites and well-defined porous structures. Highly robust [Cu3(trz)3(μ3-OH)(OH)2(H2O)4]∙2H2O (trz = 1,2,4-triazole) was employed as a catalyst...

Scalable and hierarchically designed MOF fabrics by netting MOFs into nanofiber networks for high-performance solar-driven water purification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Xiong ◽  
Ailin Li ◽  
Ye Liu ◽  
Liming Wang ◽  
Xiaohong Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Polymeric Matrices ◽  
Metal Organic

Integrating metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into flexible polymeric matrices can improve their practical processibility and enlarge industrial applications greatly. However, current methods suffer from the serious aggregation of MOFs, low MOF...

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