Innovative Apparatus for Quantitatively Evaluating Effectiveness of Cervical Orthosis and Cervical Thoracic Orthosis

✓ The authors report the case of a 3-year-old boy who presented with neck pain after falling from a low height and who was discharged from the emergency department after imaging studies were noted to be normal. He presented again 2 months later with continued neck pain, and repeated imaging demonstrated a fracture of the odontoid basilar synchondrosis that had not been shown on the initial studies. Based on the normal alignment of his spine and evidence of early bone fusion at the time of his second presentation, he underwent cervical orthosis therapy only. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of an odontoid synchondrosis fracture in which computed tomography scans were normal at presentation.

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New cervical orthosis effect on cervical spine motion.

Orthopedics & Traumatology ◽

10.5035/nishiseisai.37.1800 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 1800-1804 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kensei Nagata ◽

Toru Takamatsu ◽

Masato Matsuyama ◽

Kazunori Kamo ◽

Akio Inoue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Spine ◽

Cervical Orthosis ◽

Spine Motion

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Effects of Minerva Orthosis on Larynx Height in Young, Healthy Volunteers

Clinical Medicine Insights Ear Nose and Throat ◽

10.1177/1179550617746961 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 117955061774696

Author(s):

Pegah Saddat Hosseini ◽

Mohammad Taghi Karimi ◽

Saeideh Moayedfar ◽

Marzieh Golabbakhsh ◽

Fatemeh Abnavi

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Acoustic Measurement ◽

Cervical Orthosis ◽

Cervical Motion

Background: During speech, larynx is higher in the neck for high-pitched sounds and lower for low-pitched sounds. Patients with different problems in cervical and cervicothoracic spine use cervical orthosis to limit cervical motion. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Minerva orthosis on larynx height in young, healthy volunteers. Subjects and methods: This study included 18 subjects. Acoustic measurement of frequency variability has been assessed in 3 brace conditions: (1) without brace, (2) with brace, and (3) 30 minutes after wearing the brace. Results: Several statistically significant differences were found in the comparison between Minerva and 30 minutes after Minerva. Conclusion: When planning cervical orthosis treatment, it is important to consider the reduction in larynx height that may result from bracing for those who are already at risk of developing dysphagia and dysphonia.

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Controversies in Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: Practice Patterns Among Canadian Surgeons

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/s0317167100003668 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 478-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Gwynedd E. Pickett ◽

Jessica Van Soelen ◽

Neil Duggal

Keyword(s):

Practice Patterns ◽

Operative Management ◽

Anterior Cervical Discectomy ◽

Disc Disease ◽

Fusion Technique ◽

Cervical Discectomy ◽

Single Level ◽

Orthopedic Surgeons ◽

Cervical Orthosis ◽

Training Background

Objective:Optimal fusion technique and peri-operative management of patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy (ACD) is unclear.We document current practice patterns among Canadian spinal surgeons regarding the surgical management of single level degenerative cervical spondylosis.Methods:We conducted a web-based survey of neurosurgeons and spinal orthopedic surgeons in Canada. We asked questions pertaining to the management of single level cervical degenerative disc disease causing radiculopathy and/or myelopathy, including frequency of fusion following single-level discectomy, preferred fusion technique, indications and frequency of use of anterior plating, and use of an external cervical orthosis following surgery. Demographic factors assessed included training background, type and length of practice.Results:Sixty respondents indicated that their practice involved at least 5% spine surgery and were included in further analysis. Neurosurgeons comprised 59% of respondents, and orthopedic surgeons 41%. Fusion was employed 93% of the time following ACD; autologous bone was the preferred fusion material, used in 76% of cases. Neurosurgeons employed anterior cervical plates in 42% of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion cases, whereas orthopedic surgeons used them 70% of the time. External cervical orthoses were recommended for 92% of patients without plates and 61% of patients with plates. Surgeons who had been in practice for less than five years were most likely to be performing spinal surgery, using anterior cervical plates, and recommending the postoperative use of cervical orthoses.Conclusion:Practice patterns vary among Canadian surgeons, although nearly all employ fusion and many use instrumentation for single-level ACD. Training background, and type and length of practice influence practice habits.

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Assessment of the Sheffield Support Snood, an innovative cervical orthosis designed for people affected by neck muscle weakness

Clinical Biomechanics ◽

10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2015.11.010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 201-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Silvia Pancani ◽

Jennifer Rowson ◽

Wendy Tindale ◽

Nicola Heron ◽

Joe Langley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Weakness ◽

Neck Muscle ◽

Cervical Orthosis

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Type II Odontoid Fractures Case Series: History of Seizures a Risk Factor for Failure of Non-operative Treatment of Type II Odontoid Fractures

Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports ◽

10.13107/jocr.2021.v11.i10.2432 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Matthew A. Prevost ◽

John G. DeVine ◽

Uzondu F. Agochukwu ◽

Jacob C. Rumley

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Case Series ◽

Odontoid Fracture ◽

Type Ii ◽

Odontoid Fractures ◽

Non Union ◽

Fracture Displacement ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Cervical Orthosis ◽

History Of

Introduction:Odontoid fractures are one of the most common injuries to the cervical spine. Type II odontoid fracture treatment varies depending on age, co-morbidities, and fracture morphology. Treatment ranges from cervical orthosis to surgical intervention. Currently fractures with high non-union rates are considered for operative management which includes displacement of >6 mm, increasing age (>40-60 years), fracture gap >1 mm, delay in treatment >4 days, posterior re-displacement >2 mm, increased angulation, and history of smoking. While re-displacement of >2 mm has been associated with increased risk of non-union;, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have looked at the risk factors for re-displacement. Case Report:We present two 26-year-old male patients who were found to have minimally displaced type II odontoid fractures initially treated in a cervical collar. These two patients were subsequently found to have displaced their odontoid fracture after having a documented seizure. Conclusion:We suggest that a history of seizures be considered a risk factor for re-displacement of non-displaced type II odontoid fractures. Keywords:Operative indications odontoid case report, Type II odontoid fracture, Displacement, Seizure, Odontoid fracture displacement, Nondisplaced type ? odontoid fracture.

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Yale Cervical Orthosis: Fabrication

Physical Therapy ◽

10.1093/ptj/58.7.861 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 58 (7) ◽

pp. 861-864 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Reivan Zeleznik ◽

William Chapin ◽

Dennis Hart ◽

Hollis Smith ◽

Wayne O. Southwick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Orthosis

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Impedance Adaptive Controller for a Prototype of a Whiplash Syndrome Rehabilitation Device

Mathematical Problems in Engineering ◽

10.1155/2019/9604179 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Isai Guzman-Victoria ◽

Ivan Salgado-Ramos ◽

Manuel Mera-Hernandez ◽

Isaac Chairez ◽

Hafiz Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Sliding Mode ◽

Weighting Function ◽

Adaptive Controller ◽

Reference Trajectory ◽

Leading Role ◽

Cervical Orthosis ◽

Single Structure ◽

The Face ◽

On Line ◽

Whiplash Syndrome

The objective of this study was to design of an output based impedance adaptive controller for a special class of cervical orthoses, a class of biomedical devices for the rehabilitation of neck illnesses. The controller used the adaptive sliding mode theory to enforce the tracking of the reference trajectory if the patient was not resistant to the therapy. If the patient rejects the orthosis activity, a second impedance-based controller governs the orthosis movement allowing the patient to take the leading role in the orthosis sequence of movements. The proposed controller considers a weighted controller combining the tracking and the impedance controls in a single structure. The monitoring of the external force was evaluated on a novel weighting function defining on-line the role of each controller. The proposed orthosis was motivated by the prevalence of whiplash, which is a syndrome that is produced by forced hyperextension and hyperflexion of the neck. This study included the development of a technological prototype of the orthotic type to support the recovery of patients diagnosed with whiplash. The sections that make up the orthotic device are two independent systems that move the patient’s head in the sagittal and frontal planes. For this purpose, the mechanical structure of the cervical orthosis was made up of 7 pieces printed in 3D with polylactic acid (PLA). The operation of the cervical orthosis was evaluated in two sections: (a) using a simulation system, which consists of a spring with an artificial head and the development of a graphic interface in Matlab, and (b) evaluating the controller on the proposed orthosis. With these elements, the follow-up of the trajectory proposed by the actuators was evaluated, as well as its performance in the face of the opposition that a patient generates. The superiority of the proposed controller was confirmed by comparing the tracking efficiency with proportional-integral-derivative and first-order sliding variants.

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Pediatric subaxial cervical spine injuries: origins, management, and outcome in 51 patients

Neurosurgical FOCUS ◽

10.3171/foc.2006.20.2.2 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Seref Dogan ◽

Sam Safavi-Abbasi ◽

Nicholas Theodore ◽

Eric Horn ◽

Harold L. Rekate ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Spine ◽

Spinal Cord Injuries ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Fracture Dislocation ◽

Cervical Spine Injuries ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Vehicle Accidents ◽

Subaxial Cervical Spine ◽

Cervical Orthosis ◽

Spine Injuries

Object In this study the authors evaluated the mechanisms and patterns of injury and the factors affecting management and outcome of pediatric subaxial cervical spine injuries (C3–7). Methods Fifty-one pediatric patients (38 boys and 13 girls; mean age 12.4 years, range 10 months–16 years) with subaxial cervical spine injuries were reviewed retrospectively. Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) were the most common cause of injury. Overall, 12% presented with a dislocation, 63% with a fracture, 19% with a fracture–dislocation, and 6% with a ligamentous injury. The most frequently injured level was C6–7 (33%); C3–4 (6%) was least frequently involved. Sixty-four percent of patients were neurologically intact, 16% had incomplete spinal cord injuries (SCIs), 14% had complete SCIs, and three patients (6%) died after admission and before assessment. Treatment was conservative in 64%: seven (13%) wore a halo vest and 26 (51%) wore a rigid cervical orthosis. Surgery was performed in the other 18 patients (36%), with the breakdown as follows: 15 (30%) underwent an anterior approach, two (4%) had posterior approaches, and one (2%) had a combined approach. Postoperatively, four patients (8%) who had a neurological deficit improved. The overall mortality rate was 8%; all deaths were related to MVAs. There were no surgery-related deaths or complications. Conclusions Subaxial cervical spine injuries are common in children 9 to 16 years of age, and occur principally between C-5 and C-7. Multilevel injury is more common in children 8 years of age and older than in younger children and infants. Most patients with subaxial cervical spine injuries can be treated conservatively. Both anterior and posterior approaches are safe and effective.

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