Current Detection Techniques for Monitoring the Freshness of Meat-Based Products: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kana Husna Erna ◽  
Kobun Rovina ◽  
Sylvester Mantihal
Keyword(s):  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Current Detection

scholarly journals Time-resolved X-ray microscopy of nanoparticle aggregates under oscillatory shear

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Auernhammer ◽  
K. Fauth ◽  
B. Ullrich ◽  
J. Zhao ◽  
M. Weigand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Piezo Actuator ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Shear Cell ◽  
Magnetite Nanoparticle ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Nanoparticle Aggregates ◽  
Current Detection

Of all the current detection techniques with nanometre resolution, only X-ray microscopy allows imaging of nanoparticles in suspension. Can it also be used to investigate structural dynamics? When studying the response to mechanical stimuli, the challenge lies in its application with a precision comparable with the spatial resolution. In the first shear experiments performed in an X-ray microscope, this has been accomplished by inserting a piezo actuator driven shear cell into the focal plane of a scanning transmission X-ray microscope. Thus shear-induced re-organization of magnetite nanoparticle aggregates could be demonstrated in suspension. As X-ray microscopy proves suitable for studying structural change, new prospects open up in physics at small length scales.

Information Security Governance

2012 ◽  
pp. 293-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamoun Alazab ◽  
Sitalakshmi Venkatraman ◽  
Paul Watters ◽  
Moutaz Alazab
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Digital Forensics ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Malicious Code ◽  
Computing Systems ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Security Governance ◽  
Information Security Governance ◽  
Current Detection ◽  
Innovative Techniques

Detecting malicious software or malware is one of the major concerns in information security governance as malware authors pose a major challenge to digital forensics by using a variety of highly sophisticated stealth techniques to hide malicious code in computing systems, including smartphones. The current detection techniques are futile, as forensic analysis of infected devices is unable to identify all the hidden malware, thereby resulting in zero day attacks. This chapter takes a key step forward to address this issue and lays foundation for deeper investigations in digital forensics. The goal of this chapter is, firstly, to unearth the recent obfuscation strategies employed to hide malware. Secondly, this chapter proposes innovative techniques that are implemented as a fully-automated tool, and experimentally tested to exhaustively detect hidden malware that leverage on system vulnerabilities. Based on these research investigations, the chapter also arrives at an information security governance plan that would aid in addressing the current and future cybercrime situations.

Second passage of chronic wasting disease of mule deer to sheep by intracranial inoculation compared to classical scrapie

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110176
Author(s):  
Eric D. Cassmann ◽  
Rylie D. Frese ◽  
Justin J. Greenlee
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Wasting Disease ◽  
Mule Deer ◽  
Brain Homogenate ◽  
Classical Scrapie ◽  
Species Barrier ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Scrapie Strain ◽  
Scrapie Strains ◽  
Current Detection

The origin of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervids is unclear. One hypothesis suggests that CWD originated from scrapie in sheep. We compared the disease phenotype of sheep-adapted CWD to classical scrapie in sheep. We inoculated sheep intracranially with brain homogenate from first-passage mule deer CWD in sheep (sCWDmd). The attack rate in second-passage sheep was 100% (12 of 12). Sheep had prominent lymphoid accumulations of PrPSc reminiscent of classical scrapie. The pattern and distribution of PrPSc in the brains of sheep with CWDmd was similar to scrapie strain 13-7 but different from scrapie strain x124. The western blot glycoprofiles of sCWDmd were indistinguishable from scrapie strain 13-7; however, independent of sheep genotype, glycoprofiles of sCWDmd were different than x124. When sheep genotypes were evaluated individually, there was considerable overlap in the glycoprofiles that precluded significant discrimination between sheep CWD and scrapie strains. Our data suggest that the phenotype of CWD in sheep is indistinguishable from some strains of scrapie in sheep. Given our results, current detection techniques would be unlikely to distinguish CWD in sheep from scrapie in sheep if cross-species transmission occurred naturally. It is unknown if sheep are naturally vulnerable to CWD; however, the susceptibility of sheep after intracranial inoculation and lymphoid accumulation indicates that the species barrier is not absolute.

scholarly journals Deep-learning-based recognition of multi-singularity structured light

Nanophotonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
Xilin Yang ◽  
Zeqi Liu ◽  
Jing Pan ◽  
Yuan Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Structured Light ◽  
Mode Analysis ◽  
Laser Mode ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
General Phase ◽  
Simple Phase ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
Detection Schemes ◽  
Current Detection

Abstract Structured light with customized topological patterns inspires diverse classical and quantum investigations underpinned by accurate detection techniques. However, the current detection schemes are limited to vortex beams with a simple phase singularity. The precise recognition of general structured light with multiple singularities remains elusive. Here, we report deep learning (DL) framework that can unveil multi-singularity phase structures in an end-to-end manner, after feeding only two intensity patterns upon beam propagation. By outputting the phase directly, rich and intuitive information of twisted photons is unleashed. The DL toolbox can also acquire phases of Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) modes with a single singularity and other general phase objects likewise. Enabled by this DL platform, a phase-based optical secret sharing (OSS) protocol is proposed, which is based on a more general class of multi-singularity modes than conventional LG beams. The OSS protocol features strong security, wealthy state space, and convenient intensity-based measurements. This study opens new avenues for large-capacity communications, laser mode analysis, microscopy, Bose–Einstein condensates characterization, etc.

Detecting Turns and Correcting Headings Using Low-Cost INS

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Nazrin Muhammad ◽  
Zoran Salcic ◽  
Kevin I-Kai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Activity Recognition ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pedestrian Tracking ◽  
Tracking Accuracy ◽  
Drift Correction ◽  
Pelvic Rotation ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Industrial Grade ◽  
Heading Angle ◽  
Current Detection

Unlike industrial-grade Inertial Navigation Sensors (INSs) that can provide credible tracking performance, more affordable consumer-grade low-cost INSs produce drifts in heading angles and positions that result in a poor tracking accuracy. Researchers have proposed drift correction methods that attempt to attenuate the drifts when walking straight along the dominant directions is detected. While determining the type of a pedestrian's walk is essential before the heading corrections are made, the current detection techniques heavily rely on thresholding. This paper proposes a novel threshold-less method to detect turns in walking by using pelvic rotation and correct the heading angle based on consumer-grade INSs. The experiments indicate the proposed turn detector and heading correction methods produce very good results which can be applied for future pedestrian tracking, activity recognition or rehabilitation.

Breast Cancer Detection and Diagnosis

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Rabia Bilal ◽  
Bilal Muhammad Khan ◽  
Rupert Young
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Important Approach ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Current Detection

Breast cancer in women persist to be one of the primary reason of death in the world. Since the exact causes are not completely known, the most important approach is to reduce this mortality by early detection and treatment. Cancer is very difficult to diagnose in its early stages and patients only experience the symptoms when cancer has fully developed. As yet there are no effective cancer detection techniques that can detect and cure cancer at an early stage. Early cancer detection challenges very much rely on diagnostic imaging techniques at the screening stage. Newer diagnostic techniques in imaging has potential to detect timely and classify women at high possibility of the ailment. There are a several investigations that can assist in the identification of cancer, as well as blood tests, physical checkups and a several of imaging techniques including of ultrasound, MRI, mammograms and chest x-rays. This chapter focuses on the current detection techniques, discusses the shortcomings, and identifies the need for new, safer and cheaper detection techniques.

Monitoring of RBC rheology after cryopreservation to detect autologous blood doping in vivo? A pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Bizjak ◽  
Andreas Grolle ◽  
Javier Antonio Noriega Urena ◽  
Wilhelm Bloch ◽  
Robert Deitenbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Blood Doping ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Current Detection ◽  
Rbc Deformability

BACKGROUND: Autologous blood doping (ABD) is applied to improve performance capacity. ABD includes blood donation, red blood cell (RBC) storage at –80°C and re-infusion prior to or during competition. ABD is not directly detectable with current detection techniques. OBJECTIVE: Since cryopreservation is known to affect RBC physiology in vitro, the aim of the study was to examine whether these alterations are detectable in vivo. METHODS: Blood from six healthy male donors was transferred into conventional blood bags, cryopreserved, stored for 18 weeks at –80°C and re-infused with a RBC volume corresponding to ∼4% of total blood volume into respective donor. RBC physiology parameters were measured before blood donation/re-infusion, and 0/1/2/6/24/48/72 h and 1 w post re-infusion. RESULTS: RBC parameters and age markers were unaffected during intervention. RBC deformability increased from pre-blood-sampling to pre-re-infusion while deformability and viscosity values remained unaltered post re-infusion. RBC nitric oxide associated analytes, metabolic parameters and electrolyte concentrations remained unaffected. CONCLUSIONS: The data of this pilot study indicate that the increase in RBC deformability might be related to neoformation of RBC after blood donation. The lack of changes in tested parameters might be related to the low re-infused RBC volume which might explain differences to in vitro results.

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