scholarly journals Effect of blast loading and resulting progressive failure of a cable-stayed bridge

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Mudragada ◽  
S. S. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Failure ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Progressive Collapse ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Blast Loads ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridge ◽  
Bridge Performance ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridges

AbstractMany researchers have carried out experimental and numerical investigations to examine building structures’ response to explosive loads. Studies of bridges subjected to blast loads are limited. Hence, in this study, we present a case study on a cable-stayed bridge, namely, Charles River Cable-Stayed Bridge-Boston, to assess its robustness and resistance against the progressive collapse resulting from localized failure due to blast loads. Three different blast scenarios are considered to interpret the bridge performance to blast loads. To monitor the progressive failure mechanisms of the structural elements due to blast, pre-defined plastic hinges are assigned to the bridge deck. The results conclude that the bridge is too weak to sustain the blast loads near the tower location, and the progressive collapse is inevitable. Hence, to preserve this cable-stayed bridge from local and global failure, structural components should be more reinforced near the tower location. This case study helps the designer better understand the need for blast resistance design of cable-stayed bridges.

scholarly journals Effect of flat slab to progressive collapse on irregular structures building

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Roni Suhendra ◽  
Zulfikar Djauhari ◽  
Reni Suryanita ◽  
Enno Yuniarto
Keyword(s):  
Load Capacity ◽  
Progressive Collapse ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Flat Slab ◽  
Building Collapse ◽  
Irregular Structure ◽  
Technological Developments

Technological developments in the field of construction today increasingly developed, structures built not only irregular but also irregular. Story of the irregular-structure building significantly shaped affect the building collapse. The collapse of this building can be a collapse of natural and artificial collapse. The natural collapse was a collapse caused by the load capacity received by building or exceeds the capabilities of the structure itself. The potential of structural failure due to their natural collapse can lead to progressive collapse. This research aimed to analyse the influence of flat slab against progressive collapse at irregular building structures, and determine the type of collapse that occurred at irregular building structures. This research was conducted by analysing the structural elements of the first destroyed by the addition of the maximum load. The analysis is done by eliminating one or more of the critical column based on the General Service Administration (GSA). Examination of the power structures using finite element based software, based on the value Demand Capacity Ratio (DCR). Irregular building structures undergo a progressive collapse if the value of DCR> 1. The analysis showed a progressive collapse does not occur at irregular building structures, due to the building using structural elements in the form of a flat slab. The collapse happened only on some elements of the building structure, does not occur in the whole structure of the building.

scholarly journals The use of Classical Rolling Pendulum Bearings (CRPB) for vibration control of stay-cables

2018 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Georgia Papastergiou ◽  
Ioannis Raftoyiannis
Keyword(s):  
Suspension Bridges ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Stay Cable ◽  
Stay Cables ◽  
Taut String ◽  
Integral Differential Equations ◽  
Cable Vibrations ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridges

Cables are efficient structural elements that are used in cable-stayed bridges, suspension bridges and other cable structures. A significant problem which arose from the praxis is the cables’ rain-wind induced vibrations as these cables are subjected to environmental excitations. Rain-wind induced stay-cable vibrations may occur at different cable eigenfrequencies. Large amplitude Rain-Wind-Induced-Vibrations (RWIV) of stay cables are a challenging problem in the design of cable-stayed bridges. Several methods, including aerodynamic or structural means, have been investigated in order to control the vibrations of bridge’s stay-cables. The present research focuses on the effectiveness of a movable anchorage system with a Classical Rolling Pendulum Bearing (CRPB) device. An analytical model of cable-damper system is developed based on the taut string representation of the cable. The gathered integral-differential equations are solved through the use of the Lagrange transformation. . Finally, a case study with realistic geometrical parameters is also presented to establish the validity of the proposed system.

Response of earthquake-resistant reinforced-concrete buildings to blast loadingThis article is one of a selection of papers published in the Special Issue on Blast Engineering.

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1378-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Saatcioglu ◽  
Togay Ozbakkaloglu ◽  
Nove Naumoski ◽  
Alan Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Progressive Collapse ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Charge Weight ◽  
Blast Loads ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Buildings ◽  
Collapse Potential ◽  
Concrete Buildings

Recent bomb attacks on buildings have raised awareness about the vulnerability of structures to blast effects. The resiliency of structures against blast-induced impulsive loads is affected by structural characteristics that are also important for seismic resistance. Deformability and continuity of structural elements, strength, stiffness, and stability of the structural framing system and resistance to progressive collapse are factors that play important roles on the survivability of buildings under both blast and seismic loads. The significance of these structural parameters on blast resistance of reinforced concrete buildings is assessed through structural analysis. Both local element performance and global structural response are considered while also assessing the progressive collapse potential. The buildings under investigation include 10-storey moment resisting frames with or without shear walls. The blast loads selected consist of different charge-weight and standoff distance combinations. The results are presented in terms of ductility and drift demands. They indicate improved performance of seismic-resistant buildings when subjected to blast loads, in terms of local column performance, overall structural response, and progressive collapse potential.

scholarly journals Designing and 3-D Modelling of a Sustainable Cable Stayed Bridge-A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 01070
Author(s):  
Priyanka Singh ◽  
Mirza Jahangir Baig ◽  
Bhumika Pandey ◽  
Kartik Papreja
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridge ◽  
Symmetrical Design ◽  
The World ◽  
Tensile Forces ◽  
Cable Forces ◽  
Design Options ◽  
World Development ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridges

In the world of Civil Engineering, bridges are an example of structural art expressing how much the structures have evolved till present times. The concept and design of bridges has been evolved over the past years, having numerous amounts of different geometrical models and methods to construct bridges. As the development and innovation has reached so far, the concept of bridges has made a great impact on global infrastructure by creating sustainable, effective, and aesthetical bridges around the world. development of the finest aesthetical and sustainable designs for bridges which are known as Cable Stayed BridgesThe bridge form in which the weight of the deck is supported by a number of nearly straight diagonal cables in tension running directly to one or more vertical towers. The towers transfer the cable forces to the foundations through vertical compression. The tensile forces in the cables also put the deck into horizontal compression. Cable stayed bridges are the types of bridges those are best suited for connecting wide-span crossings. Construction of cable stayed bridge is widely promoted all over the world and construction of more than 600 cable stayed bridges are recorded till date. This type of bridge is preferred over any other type due to its possible construction to the indefinite length, availability of multiple design options with the possibility of symmetrical design and excellent strength. In this paper we shall discuss numerous case studies of the cable stayed bridges, compile all the beneficial data for most of the cable stayed bridges located in India.

scholarly journals Conservación de puentes atirantados: algunos aspectos particulares de sus planes de mantenimiento y técnicas de actuación

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
L. Ortega ◽  
A. López ◽  
C. Velando
Keyword(s):  
Structural Elements ◽  
Remedial Measures ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridge ◽  
Inspection And Maintenance ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridges

RESUMENEl artículo parte de la necesidad de que se elaboren planes de inspección y mantenimiento de los puentes de una forma rigurosa, centrándose luego en algunos aspectos específicos de los puentes atirantados. La singularidad de estos puentes, por su tipología y dimensiones, hace que planteen problemas desde muy diferentes puntos de vista: tipo de elementos estructurales a conservar, procesos patológicos que les pueden afectar, dificultades de acceso para su inspección y su conservación, y técnicas específicas de, inspección, reparación y mantenimiento. El artículo comenta algunos problemas en puentes atirantados de los que se ha tenido noticia, las actuaciones de reparación desarrolladas y se subrayan las dificultades derivadas de la habitual carencia de medios de acceso pensados para estos puentes. Finalmente, se resumen unas conclusiones básicas sobre aspectos a tener en cuenta al desarrollar sus planes de conservación.Palabras clave: Planes de mantenimiento; puente atirantado; medios de acceso; encintado de vainas; conservación.ABSTRACTThe article starts from the need to develop inspection and maintenance plans for bridges in a rigorous way, focusing the attention on some specific aspects of cable-stayed bridges. The uniqueness of the type and dimensions of these structures causes specific problems arising from very different points of view: type of structural elements to maintain, pathological processes affecting them, difficulties of access for inspection and maintenance, and need of specific technics for inspection, repair and maintenance. Some problems detected in cable-stayed bridges are commented, as well as remedial measures developed; difficulties arising from the usual lack of access means specifically designed for these bridges are highlighted. Finally, the conclusions summarize basic aspects to be considered when developing their conservation plans.Keywords: Maintenance plans; cable stayed bridge; access means; stay wrapping; conservation.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Progressive Collapse of An Irregular (Lshaped) Flat Slab Building by Linear Static Analysis using ETABS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 394-401
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Static Analysis ◽  
Progressive Collapse ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Seismic Loads ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Flat Slab ◽  
Floor Failure ◽  
Zone Ii

Concrete and steel structures influences the construction of multi-storey structures. The aid of progressive collapse increases when there is a failure of one or more load bearing structural elements. Thereafter, this case study is carried out to determine the prospective of the progressive collapse of an irregular (L shaped) building due to the failure or removal of two adjacent columns at a time present in the ground floor. Failure may occur because of the natural or manmade accidental loads like explosion or seismic loads, collision of vehicles, etc. Columns at different locations were removed and the slab loads had been increased as per the General Services Administration (GSA) guidelines and the results in terms of Demand Capacity Ratios (DCR) are compared for all the cases. The Demand to Capacity Ratios were calculated for the interested columns. It is observed that when the interior columns were removed then the possibility of progressive collapse is more. This study has been made for the case or earthquake forces for corresponding zone II and zone V.

scholarly journals Effect of Blast Loading on Seismically Detailed RC Columns and Buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1406-1425
Author(s):  
Marco Fouad ◽  
Mohamed N. Fayed ◽  
Gehan A. Hamdy ◽  
Amr Abdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Blast Loads ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Rc Columns ◽  
Damage Pattern ◽  
Multistory Building

Explosions caused by standoff charges near buildings have drastic effects on the internal and external structural elements which can cause loss of life and fatal injuries in case of failure or collapse of the structural element. Providing structural elements with blast resistance is therefore gaining increasing importance. This paper presents numerical investigation of RC columns with different reinforcement detailing subjected to near-field explosions. Detailed finite element models are made using LS-DYNA software package for several columns having seismic and conventional reinforcement detailing which were previously tested under blast loads. The numerical results show agreement with the published experimental results regarding displacements and damage pattern. Seismic detailing of columns enhances the failure shape of the column and decrease the displacement values compared to columns with conventional reinforcement detailing. Further, the effect of several modeling parameters are studied such as mesh sensitivity analysis, inclusion of air medium and erosion values on the displacements and damage pattern. The results show that decreasing the mesh size, increasing erosion value and inclusion of air region provide results that are very close to experimental results. Additionally, application is made on a slab-column multistory building provided with protective walls having different connection details subjected to blast loads. The results of this study are presented and discussed. Use of a top and bottom floor slab connection of protective RC walls are better than using the full connection at the four sides to the adjacent columns and slabs. This leads to minimizing the distortion and failure of column, and therefore it increases the chance of saving the building from collapse and saving human lives. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091733 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Mitigating natural events to avoid disaster in public school buildings: seismic retrofitting of SDN 42 Korong Gadang

2018 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 02021
Author(s):  
James Mwangi ◽  
Laura Putri ◽  
Listhbeth Collins
Keyword(s):  
School Facilities ◽  
Seismic Retrofitting ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
The North ◽  
Australian Plate ◽  
West Sumatra

With over 50 million students, Indonesia has the fourth largest education system in the world. The first twelve years of education are compulsory for all citizens. The students, together with over 3 million teachers spend six (or five in some cases) days a week at over 300,000 schools, typically from 6:30 AM to 2 (or 3) PM. Geographically, Indonesia is traversed by the infamous “ring of fire” and prone to natural events resulting from the tectonic plate movements of the Australian Plate from the South, the Eurasian and Sunda Plates from the North and the Philippine Plate from the East. Left unmitigated, these natural events would lead to natural disasters emanating from resulting earthquakes and leading to tsunamis, landslides, the collapse of building structures and failure of lifelines (roads, pipelines, electrical grid, etc.). In an effort to provide disaster-safe schools, the National Agency for Disaster Management has required that school facilities be a community center in case of disasters and serve as emergency shelters. Retrofit of existing buildings will be needed to comply with government guidelines. This paper presents a case study of the determination of structural deficiencies of an existing school building in SDN 42 Korong Gadang, Padang, West Sumatra and implementation of a seismic retrofit (design and construction) at the same building to mitigate potential earthquake disaster.

scholarly journals Stability charts based on the finite element method for underground cavities in soft carbonate rocks: validation through case-study applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2079-2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Perrotti ◽  
Piernicola Lollino ◽  
Nunzio Luciano Fazio ◽  
Mario Parise
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Geometrical Features ◽  
Overall Stability ◽  
Underground Cavities ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Rock Mechanical Properties

Abstract. The stability of man-made underground cavities in soft rocks interacting with overlying structures and infrastructures represents a challenging problem to be faced. Based upon the results of a large number of parametric two-dimensional (2-D) finite-element analyses of ideal cases of underground cavities, accounting for the variability both cave geometrical features and rock mechanical properties, specific charts have been recently proposed in the literature to assess at a preliminary stage the stability of the cavities. The purpose of the present paper is to validate the efficacy of the stability charts through the application to several case studies of underground cavities, considering both quarries collapsed in the past and quarries still stable. The stability graphs proposed by Perrotti et al. (2018) can be useful to evaluate, in a preliminary way, a safety margin for cavities that have not reached failure and to detect indications of predisposition to local or general instability phenomena. Alternatively, for sinkholes that already occurred, the graphs may be useful in identifying the conditions that led to the collapse, highlighting the importance of some structural elements (as pillars and internal walls) on the overall stability of the quarry system.

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