scholarly journals The Urban Mask Layer as Reference Geometry for Spatial Planning: Moving from German to European Geodata

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Schumacher
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Atlas Data ◽  
Mask Layer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical Shape ◽  
Shape Complexity ◽  
Monitoring Service

AbstractIn view of rising urbanisation around the world, it is vital to improve the analysis and evaluation of spatial settlement structures in order to ensure the sustainable design of associated transformation processes. Geodata and the maps derived from urban datasets can contribute significantly to understanding the characteristics of settlement structures. In this context, urban areas with a concentration of settlement elements form an important reference geometry. In Germany, such an urban mask is termed Ortslage and is included as an object type in the official topographical basic geodata (ATKIS). It would be useful to have a similar urban mask at European level, especially as a layer of the Urban Atlas within the framework of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service. Here we present a GIS-supported algorithm to generate such a layer from Urban Atlas data. The method is demonstrated on 30 European cities showing a wide range of urban structures. Further, we compare the physical shape of the Ortslage with the urban mask, here illustrated by the city of Leipzig, Germany. As a basic example of the planning relevance of this method, we consider and discuss the metric shape complexity of the urban space for the cartographic comparison of cities. Furthermore, we address the question of a mixed automated-manual technology in the delineation of the urban mask. The regular updating of the Urban Atlas data within the framework of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service opens up the possibility of integrating analyses based on the urban masks into the European Spatial Observation.

scholarly journals Contemporary conservation doctrine - issues of conservation protection zones based on the example of Tarnobrzeg

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 00019
Author(s):  
Marek Gosztyła ◽  
Agata Mikrut
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Basic Function ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Architectural Development ◽  
Conservation Decisions

The paper concerns the issue of conservation protection covering the researched areas of Tarnobrzeg. In particular, it describes the principles of delimiting areas and grounds for narrowing the previously adopted preservation zones. Based on reliable analyses, one presents the fundamentals, which result in the necessity of modifying and verifying the protection zones. The reasons for such a proceeding arise from the continuous development of civilization. Together with this, it is necessary to update urban areas, which is why the conservation works protecting the historic urban fabric should not stand in the way of modern urban development. Present-day conservation doctrine cannot seek to inhibit the almost natural process of the transformation of urban structures. Doctrines should correspond with contemporary realities and create opportunities for the urban and architectural development of the urban space while respecting and exposing historic architecture. The rational application of conservation doctrines and undertaking activities in a substantive manner will allow the creation of multilayer city compositions that represent an architectural depiction of history. The described issue of conservation protection zones in Tarnobrzeg is to be a form of discussion on the application of applicable conservation doctrines in the reality of contemporary cities. The question, whether the objectives and methods of action arising from the adopted conservation theory fulfil their basic function today, seems to be one of the most important issues of contemporary conservation of monuments. Since there is no doubt that finally clarified conservation decisions, formulated without thorough analysis and research, may and do result in not always expected architectural solutions.

From urban exploration to ruin tourism: a geographical analysis of contemporary ruins as new frontiers for urban tourism

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aude Le Gallou
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Urban Tourism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Urban Territories ◽  
Urban Exploration ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
Alternative Practices

Purpose Despite the increasing academic interest for urban ruins and evolutions of urban tourism, research on ruin tourism as an emergent form of urban tourism practice is still lacking. Drawing on existing works on urban exploration, the purpose of this paper is to provide a first geographical insight into ruin tourism and its spatial implications in terms of imaginaries, practices and regulation of urban space. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on an urban and cultural geography approach, the research is based on a mix of empirical methodologies. Participant observation of organized ruin tours as well as formal and informal interviews with participants, organizers, institutional actors and inhabitants have been conducted during fieldwork completed in Berlin and Detroit. This paper also draws on the analysis of additional data provided by online material, especially official websites of tour organizers, forum threads and comments posted on different websites. Findings The research shows that ruin tourism can be analyzed as a new practice of urban tourism based on the reappropriation and commodification of alternative practices developing in marginalized urban areas. The paper provides evidence of ruin tourism’s contribution to the normalization of urban space through tourism conquest of new urban territories. It also shows that the practice fosters contested material and symbolic appropriations of place. Originality/value This paper contributes to current research on alternative tourism practices in marginalized urban areas as well as on tourist appropriation of liminal spaces. It provides a first analysis of ruin tourism and underscores its potential as a geographical object for the investigation of a wide range of urban issues.

Biscogniauxia (Hypoxylon) Canker or Dieback in Trees

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Paez ◽  
Jason A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quercus Spp

Biscogniauxia canker or dieback (formerly called Hypoxylon canker or dieback) is a common contributor to poor health and decay in a wide range of tree species (Balbalian & Henn 2014). This disease is caused by several species of fungi in the genus Biscogniauxia (formerly Hypoxylon). B. atropunctata or B. mediterranea are usually the species found on Quercus spp. and other hosts in Florida, affecting trees growing in many different habitats, such as forests, parks, green spaces and urban areas (McBride & Appel, 2009).  Typically, species of Biscogniauxia are opportunistic pathogens that do not affect healthy and vigorous trees; some species are more virulent than others. However, once they infect trees under stress (water stress, root disease, soil compaction, construction damage etc.) they can quickly colonize the host. Once a tree is infected and fruiting structures of the fungus are evident, the tree is not likely to survive especially if the infection is in the tree's trunk (Anderson et al., 1995).

URBAN FACADE GEOMETRY ON OUTDOOR COMFORT CONDITIONS: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Elahe Mirabi ◽  
Nasrollahi Nazanin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Urban Geometry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low Energy Buildings ◽  
Outdoor Comfort ◽  
Solar Access

<p>Designing urban facades is considered as a major factor influencing issues<br />such as natural ventilation of buildings and urban areas, radiations in the<br />urban canyon for designing low-energy buildings, cooling demand for<br />buildings in urban area, and thermal comfort in urban streets. However, so<br />far, most studies on urban topics have been focused on flat facades<br />without details of urban layouts. Hence, the effect of urban facades with<br />details such as the balcony and corbelling on thermal comfort conditions<br />and air flow behavior are discussed in this literature review. <strong>Aim</strong>: This<br />study was carried out to investigate the effective factors of urban facades,<br />including the effects of building configuration, geometry and urban<br />canyon’s orientation. <strong>Methodology and Results</strong>: According to the results,<br />the air flow behavior is affected by a wide range of factors such as wind<br />conditions, urban geometry and wind direction. Urban façade geometry<br />can change outdoor air flow pattern, thermal comfort and solar access.<br /><strong>Conclusion, significance and impact study</strong>: In particular, the geometry of<br />the facade, such as indentation and protrusion, has a significant effect on<br />the air flow and thermal behavior in urban facades and can enhance<br />outdoor comfort conditions. Also, Alternation in façade geometry can<br />affect pedestrians' comfort and buildings energy demands.</p>

Design Intervention Assessment of Urban Public Park for Physical Activity Promotion in Bangkok, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
Sigit Arifwidodo ◽  
Orana Chandrasiri
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Public Park ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Design Intervention

Public Park is considered one of the essential settings for physical activity, especially in urban areas. Parks support physical activity through their accessibility, their provision to facilitate active pursuits; their capacity to provide opportunities to a wide range of users; and their semi-permanent nature. The paper explores the design intervention assessment of Benchakitti Park, which serves as the pilot project for active park and showcase during the past ISPAH 2016 conference. The objective of the paper is to understand the health and well-being benefits of an urban park in increasing PA levels of urban population and promoting a healthy and active lifestyle. Keywords: Public park; physical activity; urban landscape design; public health; SOPARC

scholarly journals Community Perceptions and Knowledge of Modern Stormwater Treatment Assets

Urban Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Hadi Zamanifard ◽  
Edward A. Morgan ◽  
Wade L. Hadwen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Community Acceptance ◽  
Water Sensitive Urban Design

Modern stormwater treatment assets are a form of water sensitive urban design (WSUD) features that aim to reduce the volumes of sediment, nutrients and gross pollutants discharged into receiving waterways. Local governments and developers in urban areas are installing and maintaining a large number of stormwater treatment assets, with the aim of improving urban runoff water quality. Many of these assets take up significant urban space and are highly visible and as a result, community acceptance is essential for effective WSUD design and implementation. However, community perceptions and knowledge about these assets have not been widely studied. This study used a survey to investigate community perceptions and knowledge about stormwater treatment assets in Brisbane, Australia. The results suggest that there is limited community knowledge of these assets, but that communities notice them and value their natural features when well-maintained. This study suggests that local governments may be able to better inform residents about the importance of these assets, and that designing for multiple purposes may improve community acceptance and support for the use of Council funds to maintain them.

scholarly journals Environmental Sustainability of Building Retrofit through Vertical Greening Systems: A Life-Cycle Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4886
Author(s):  
Katia Perini ◽  
Fabio Magrassi ◽  
Andrea Giachetta ◽  
Luca Moreschi ◽  
Michela Gallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Life Cycle Approach ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Use Phase ◽  
Vertical Greening

Urban greening provides a wide range of ecosystem services to address the main challenges of urban areas, e.g., carbon sequestration, evapotranspiration and shade, thermal insulation, and pollution control. This study evaluates the environmental sustainability of a vertical greening system (VGS) built in 2014 in Italy, for which extensive monitoring activities were implemented. The life-cycle assessment methodology was applied to quantify the water–energy–climate nexus of the VGS for 1 m2 of the building’s wall surface. Six different scenarios were modelled according to three different end-of-life scenarios and two different useful lifetime scenarios (10 and 25 years). The environmental impact of global-warming potential and generated energy consumption during the use phase in the VGS scenarios were reduced by 56% in relation to the baseline scenario (wall without VGS), and showed improved environmental performance throughout the complete life cycle. However, the water-scarcity index (WSI) of the VGS scenarios increased by 42%. This study confirms that the installation of VGSs offers a relevant environmental benefit in terms of greenhouse-gas emissions and energy consumption; however, increased water consumption in the use phase may limit the large-scale application of VGSs.

Visual Arts, Representations and Interventions in Contemporary China

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Cultural Activism ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The City

This edited volume provides a multifaceted investigation of the dynamic interrelations between visual arts and urbanization in contemporary Mainland China with a focus on unseen representations and urban interventions brought about by the transformations of the urban space and the various problems associated with it. Through a wide range of illuminating case studies, the authors demonstrate how innovative artistic and creative practices initiated by various stakeholders not only raise critical awareness on socio-political issues of Chinese urbanization but also actively reshape the urban living spaces. The formation of new collaborations, agencies, aesthetics and cultural production sites facilitate diverse forms of cultural activism as they challenge the dominant ways of interpreting social changes and encourage civic participation in the production of alternative meanings in and of the city. Their significance lies in their potential to question current values and power structures as well as to foster new subjectivities for disparate individuals and social groups.

IMPACT OF DIGITAL MARKETING: THE PRESENT SCENARIO IN TELANGANA STATE – AN EMPERICAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (65) ◽  
pp. 15164-15172
Author(s):  
S. Pratap ◽  
Aziz Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
Telangana State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

In present scenario of COVID-19, the effect of pandemic on Digital Marketing is visible not only in urban areas but also in rural areas. Customers are searching for various products and services through Google by which they can purchase wide range of products and services to fill their needs and desires at relatively low price. The freedom to select numerous products is available by browsing various websites. Hence this study focuses on Impact of digital marketing particularly in the selected rural areas of Telangana state. This state been formed recently but in the IT sector it is receiving much attention throughout the globe, as many MNC’s are establishing their operations in this state. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this study to find out how the Impact of digital marketing is trickling down in the rural and remote areas of newly formed Telangana state. Hence this study focuses the impact of digital marketing in the selected areas of Telangana state.

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