scholarly journals Mapping of additive and epistatic QTLs linked to seed longevity in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mian Abdur Rehman Arif ◽  
Monika Agacka-Mołdoch ◽  
Calvin O. Qualset ◽  
Andreas Börner
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Epistatic Effect ◽  
Additive Mapping ◽  
Seed Longevity ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Epistatic Qtls ◽  
High Quality Snps ◽  
Additive Qtls

AbstractPlant genetic resources are stored and regenerated in > 1750 gene banks storing > 7,000,000 accessions. Since seeds are the primary storage units, research on seed longevity is of particular importance. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of 15 traits related to seed longevity and dormancy using 7584 high-quality SNPs recorded across 2 years and originated from five production years revealed a total of 46 additive QTLs. Exploration of the QTLs with epistatic effect resulted in the detection of 29 pairs of epistatic QTLs. To our information, this is only the second report of epistatic QTLs for seed longevity in bread wheat. We conclude that in addition to dense genetic maps, the epistatic interaction between loci should be considered to capture more variation which remained unnoticed in additive mapping.

Construction of comparative genetic maps of two 4Bs.4Bl-5Rl translocations in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Genome ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 729-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
R C Leach ◽  
I S Dundas ◽  
A Houben
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Homoeologous Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Translocation Breakpoints ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Wheat Lines

The physical length of the rye segment of a 4BS.4BL–5RL translocation derived from the Cornell Wheat Selection 82a1-2-4-7 in a Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring' background was measured using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and found to be 16% of the long arm. The size of this translocation was similar to previously published GISH measurements of another 4BS.4BL–5RL translocation in a Triticum aestivum 'Viking' wheat background. Molecular maps of both 4BS.4BL–5RL translocations for 2 different wheat backgrounds were developed using RFLP analysis. The locations of the translocation breakpoints of the 2 4BS.4BL–5RL translocations were similar even though they arose in different populations. This suggests a unique property of the region at or near the translocation breakpoint that could be associated with their similarity and spontaneous formation. These segments of rye chromosome 5 also contain a gene for copper efficiency that improves the wheat's ability to cope with low-copper soils. Genetic markers in these maps can also be used to screen for copper efficiency in bread wheat lines derived from the Cornell Wheat Selection 82a1 2-4-7.Key words: Triticum aestivum, wheat–rye translocation, homoeologous group 4, homoeologous group 5, GISH, comparative map, copper efficiency, hairy peduncle.

Genetic architecture of seed longevity in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mian Abdur Rehman Arif ◽  
Manuela Nagel ◽  
Ulrike Lohwasser ◽  
Andreas Börner
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Seed Longevity

Genetic dissection of the developmental behaviour of total starch content and its components in wheat grain

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Tian ◽  
Zhiying Deng ◽  
Quangang Xie ◽  
Jichun Tian
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Starch Synthesis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Genetic Dissection ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Epistatic Qtls ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Additive Qtls ◽  
Total Starch

Starch in wheat is an important component of flour and is related to grain yield and wheat end-products. In this study, a doubled haploid (DH) population with 168 lines derived from a cross of elite Chinese wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Huapei 3 and Yumai 57 was used to identify dynamic quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for total starch content (TSC), amylose (AMS) and amylopectin (AMP) in wheat grain. Traits were measured at stages, grown under three treatments in two seasons, and were assessed by unconditional and conditional QTL analyses. Thirty-three additive QTLs and 21 pairs of epistatic QTLs for TSC, AMS and AMP were detected by unconditional mapping, whereas 19 additive QTLs and 15 pairs of epistatic QTLs were identified by conditional mapping. Of these, QTsc4A.1 and QAms4A.1 were detected continuously at five stages under three treatments in two seasons by unconditional mapping, indicating that the accumulated effects of these QTLs were expressed stably from 12 days after flowering (DAF) and were little affected by nitrogen and water agronomic treatment. These two QTLs also showed net expression from 12 to 22 DAF by conditional mapping. The results indicate that the two loci play an important role in starch synthesis. Most of the epistatic QTLs belonged to a minor QTL, but played an important role in the target traits. Therefore, the development of starch is mainly affected by additive effects besides the epistasis effect. The data are useful for potential marker-assisted selection and cloning of the target gene in further fine mapping, and provide a foundation to understand the genetic mechanism underlying the development of starch in wheat and to increase yield.

scholarly journals Histone acetyltransferase TaHAG1 acts as a crucial regulator to strengthen salt tolerance of hexaploid wheat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Zheng ◽  
Jingchen Lin ◽  
Xingbei Liu ◽  
Wei Chu ◽  
Jinpeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Histone Acetyltransferase ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Signal Specificity ◽  
H3 Acetylation

Abstract Polyploidy occurs prevalently and plays an important role during plant speciation and evolution. This phenomenon suggests polyploidy could develop novel features that enable them to adapt wider range of environmental conditions compared with diploid progenitors. Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., BBAADD) is a typical allohexaploid species and generally exhibits greater salt tolerance than its tetraploid wheat progenitor (BBAA). However, little is known about the underlying molecular basis and the regulatory pathway of this trait. Here, we show that the histone acetyltransferase TaHAG1 acts as a crucial regulator to strengthen salt tolerance of hexaploid wheat. Salinity-induced TaHAG1 expression was associated with tolerance variation in polyploidy wheat. Overexpression, silencing and CRISPR-mediated knockout of TaHAG1 validated the role of TaHAG1 in salinity tolerance of wheat. TaHAG1 contributed to salt tolerance by modulating ROS production and signal specificity. Moreover, TaHAG1 directly targeted a subset of genes that are responsible for hydrogen peroxide production, and enrichment of TaHAG1 triggered increased H3 acetylation and transcriptional upregulation of these loci under salt stress. In addition, we found the salinity-induced TaHAG1-mediated ROS production pathway is involved in salt tolerance difference of wheat accessions with varying ploidy. Our findings provide insight into the molecular mechanism of how an epigenetic regulatory factor facilitates adaptability of polyploidy wheat and highlights this epigenetic modulator as a strategy for salt tolerance breeding in bread wheat.

scholarly journals Novel hypergravity treatment enhances root phenotype and positively influences physio-biochemical parameters in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basavalingayya K. Swamy ◽  
Ravikumar Hosamani ◽  
Malarvizhi Sathasivam ◽  
S. S. Chandrashekhar ◽  
Uday G. Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Physiological Benefits

AbstractHypergravity—an evolutionarily novel environment has been exploited to comprehend the response of living organisms including plants in the context of extra-terrestrial applications. Recently, researchers have shown that hypergravity induces desired phenotypic variability in seedlings. In the present study, we tested the utility of hypergravity as a novel tool in inducing reliable phenotype/s for potential terrestrial crop improvement applications. To investigate, bread wheat seeds (UAS-375 genotype) were subjected to hypergravity treatment (10×g for 12, and 24 h), and evaluated for seedling vigor and plant growth parameters in both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. It was also attempted to elucidate the associated biochemical and hormonal changes at different stages of vegetative growth. Resultant data revealed that hypergravity treatment (10×g for 12 h) significantly enhanced root length, root volume, and root biomass in response to hypergravity. The robust seedling growth phenotype may be attributed to increased alpha-amylase and TDH enzyme activities observed in seeds treated with hypergravity. Elevated total chlorophyll content and Rubisco (55 kDa) protein expression across different stages of vegetative growth in response to hypergravity may impart physiological benefits to wheat growth. Further, hypergravity elicited robust endogenous phytohormones dynamics in root signifying altered phenotype/s. Collectively, this study for the first time describes the utility of hypergravity as a novel tool in inducing reliable root phenotype that could be potentially exploited for improving wheat varieties for better water usage management.

scholarly journals A Microsatellite Map of Wheat

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 2007-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion S Röder ◽  
Victor Korzun ◽  
Katja Wendehake ◽  
Jens Plaschke ◽  
Marie-Hélène Tixier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Genome ◽  
D Genome ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Microsatellite Map ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Polymorphic Microsatellite ◽  
Primer Sets

Abstract Hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) is one of the world's most important crop plants and displays a very low level of intraspecific polymorphism. We report the development of highly polymorphic microsatellite markers using procedures optimized for the large wheat genome. The isolation of microsatellite-containing clones from hypomethylated regions of the wheat genome increased the proportion of useful markers almost twofold. The majority (80%) of primer sets developed are genome-specific and detect only a single locus in one of the three genomes of bread wheat (A, B, or D). Only 20% of the markers detect more than one locus. A total of 279 loci amplified by 230 primer sets were placed onto a genetic framework map composed of RFLPs previously mapped in the reference population of the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) Opata 85 × W7984. Sixty-five microsatellites were mapped at a LOD >2.5, and 214 microsatellites were assigned to the most likely intervals. Ninety-three loci were mapped to the A genome, 115 to the B genome, and 71 to the D genome. The markers are randomly distributed along the linkage map, with clustering in several centromeric regions.

Effect of Cold Pretreatment and Incubation Temperature on Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Anther Culture

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Xynias ◽  
I. A. Zamani ◽  
E. Gouli-Vavdinoudi ◽  
D. G. Roupakias
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Cold Pretreatment
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