Energy Expenditure of Adolescents During Overground Walking and Running

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manolis Adamakis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Overground Walking

Energy Expenditure of Level Overground Walking in Young Adults: Comparison With Prediction Equations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jingjing Xue ◽  
Shuo Li ◽  
Rou Wen ◽  
Ping Hong
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Overground Walking ◽  
All Speeds ◽  
Walking Energy Cost

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of the published prediction equations for determining level overground walking energy cost in young adults. Methods: In total, 148 healthy young adults volunteered to participate in this study. Resting metabolic rate and energy expenditure variables at speeds of 4, 5, and 6 km/h were measured by indirect calorimetry, walking energy expenditure was estimated by 3 published equations. Results: The gross and net metabolic rate per mile of level overground walking increased with increased speed (all P < .01). Females were less economical than males. The present findings revealed that the American College of Sports Medicine and Pandolf et al equations significantly underestimated the energy cost of overground walking at all speeds (all P < .01) in young adults. The percentage mean bias for American College of Sports Medicine, Pandolf et al, and Weyand et al was 12.4%, 16.8%, 1.4% (4 km/h); 21.6%, 15.8%, 7.1% (5 km/h); and 27.6%, 12%, 6.6% (6 km/h). Bland–Altman plots and prediction error analysis showed that the Weyand et al was the most accurate in 3 existing equations. Conclusions: The Weyand et al equation appears to be the most suitable for the prediction of overground walking energy expenditure in young adults.

Stride Rate and Walking Intensity in Healthy Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Peacock ◽  
Allan Hewitt ◽  
David A. Rowe ◽  
Rona Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Multilevel Model ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Overground Walking ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Stride Rate

Purpose:The study investigated (a) walking intensity (stride rate and energy expenditure) under three speed instructions; (b) associations between stride rate, age, height, and walking intensity; and (c) synchronization between stride rate and music tempo during overground walking in a population of healthy older adults.Methods:Twenty-nine participants completed 3 treadmill-walking trials and 3 overground-walking trials at 3 self-selected speeds. Treadmill VO2 was measured using indirect calorimetry. Stride rate and music tempo were recorded during overground-walking trials.Results:Mean stride rate exceeded minimum thresholds for moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) under slow (111.41 ± 11.93), medium (118.17 ± 11.43), and fast (123.79 ± 11.61) instructions. A multilevel model showed that stride rate, age, and height have a significant effect (p < .01) on walking intensity.Conclusions:Healthy older adults achieve MVPA with stride rates that fall below published minima for MVPA. Stride rate, age, and height are significant predictors of energy expenditure in this population. Music can be a useful way to guide walking cadence.

ENERGY EXPENDITURE PREDICTION ACCURACY OF THE CSA ACCELEROMETER FOR OVERGROUND WALKING

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S143
Author(s):  
J. S. Gordon ◽  
D. P. Heil ◽  
M. J. Bauer ◽  
A. R. Mattingly ◽  
J. J. Nessland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Overground Walking

Cadence, Energy Expenditure, and Gait Symmetry During Music-Prompted and Self-Regulated Walking in Adults With Unilateral Transtibial Amputation

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Rowe ◽  
David McMinn ◽  
Leslie Peacock ◽  
Arjan W. P. Buis ◽  
Rona Sutherland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Digital Music ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Overground Walking ◽  
Auditory Cues ◽  
Gait Symmetry ◽  
Lower Limb Prosthesis ◽  
Transtibial Amputees ◽  
Limb Prosthesis

Background:Walking cadence has shown promise for estimating walking intensity in healthy adults. Auditory cues have been shown to improve gait symmetry in populations with movement disorders. We investigated the walking cadence-energy expenditure relationship in unilateral transtibial amputees (TTAs), and the potential of music cues for regulating walking cadence and improving gait symmetry.Methods:Seventeen unilateral TTAs performed 2 5-min treadmill walking trials, followed by 2 5-min overground walking trials (self-regulated “brisk” intensity, and while attempting to match a moderate-tempo digital music cue).Results:Walking cadence significantly (P < .001) and accurately (R2 = .55, SEE = 0.50 METs) predicted energy expenditure, and a cadence of 86 steps·min−1 was equivalent to a 3-MET intensity. Although most participants were able to match cadence to prescribed music tempo, gait symmetry was not improved during the music-guided condition, compared with the self-regulated condition.Conclusions:This is the first study to investigate the utility of walking cadence for monitoring and regulating walking intensity in adults with lower limb prosthesis. Cadence has similar or superior accuracy as an indicator of walking intensity in this population, compared with the general population, and adults with a unilateral TTA are capable of walking at moderate intensity and above for meaningful bouts of time.

scholarly journals The Impact of Gait Disability on the Calibration of Accelerometer Output in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeline Weikert ◽  
Deirdre Dlugonski ◽  
Yoojin Suh ◽  
Bo Fernhall ◽  
Robert W. Motl
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Overground Walking ◽  
Cut Point ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Metabolic Unit ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Accelerometer activity counts have been correlated with energy expenditure during treadmill walking among ambulatory adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study examined the effects of gait disability on 1) the association between rates of energy expenditure and accelerometer output in overground walking and 2) the calibration of accelerometer output for quantifying time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in people with MS. The sample consisted of 24 individuals with MS, of whom 10 reported gait disability based on Patient-Determined Disease Steps (PDDS) scores. The participants undertook three 6-minute periods of overground walking while wearing an accelerometer and a portable metabolic unit (K4b2, Cosmed, Rome, Italy). In the first period of walking, the participants walked at a self-selected, comfortable speed. In the two subsequent walking periods, participants walked at speeds above and below (±0.5 mph) the comfortable walking speed, respectively. Strong linear relationships were observed between rates of accelerometer activity counts and energy expenditure during walking in the overall sample (R2 = 0.90) and subsamples with (R2 = 0.88) and without gait disability (R2 = 0.91). The slope of the relationship was significantly steeper in the subsample with gait disability (β= 0.0049) than in the subsample without gait disability (β= 0.0026). The difference in slopes resulted in a significantly lower cut-point for MVPA (1886 vs. 2717 counts/min) in those with gait disability. These findings provide a metabolic cut-point for quantifying time spent in MVPA in people with MS, both with and without gait disability.

The Test-Retest Reliability of Indirect Calorimetry Measures of Energy Expenditure During Overground Walking in Older Adults With Mobility Limitations

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Wert ◽  
Jessie M. VanSwearingen ◽  
Subashan Perera ◽  
Jennifer S. Brach
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Mobility Limitations ◽  
Overground Walking ◽  
Slow Walking ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Walking Speeds ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Absolute Reliability

The purpose of this study was to assess the relative and absolute reliability of metabolic measures of energy expenditure and gait speed during overground walking in older adults with mobility limitations. Thirty-three (mean age [SD] = 76.4 [6.6] years; 66% female) older adults with slow gait participated. Measures of energy expenditure and gait speed were recorded during two 6-min bouts of overground walking (1 week apart) at a self-selected “usual” walking pace. The relative reliability for all variables was excellent: ICC = .81−.91. Mean differences for five of the six outcome variables was less than or equal to the respected SEM, while all six mean differences fell below the calculated MDC95. Clinicians and researchers can be confident that metabolic measures of energy expenditure and gait speed in older adults with slow walking speeds can be reliably assessed during overground walking, providing an alternative to traditional treadmill assessments.

scholarly journals Real World, Real People: Can We Assess Walking on a Treadmill to Establish Step Count Recommendations in Adolescents?

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-494
Author(s):  
Mhairi J. MacDonald ◽  
Samantha G. Fawkner ◽  
Ailsa G. Niven ◽  
David Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Step Count ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Overground Walking ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent ◽  
Fast Walking ◽  
Walking Activity

Background: Currently, it is not known how much walking should be advocated for good health in an adolescent population. Step count recommendations for minimum time in moderate-intensity activity have been translated predominantly from treadmill walking. Purpose: To compare the energy cost of walking on a treadmill with overground walking in adolescent girls. Methods: A total of 26 adolescent girls undertook resting metabolic measurements for individual determination of 1 metabolic equivalent using indirect calorimetry. Energy expenditure was subsequently assessed during treadmill and overground walking at slow, moderate, and fast walking speeds for 4 to 6 minutes. Treadmill step rates were matched overground using a metronome. Results: The energy cost of treadmill walking was found to be significantly greater than and not equivalent to overground walking at 133 steps per minute; (equivalent to the fast walking pace): 3.90 (2.78–5.01), P < .001, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) = 18.18%, and metabolic equivalent 0.77 (0.54–1.00), P < .001, MAPE = 18.16%. The oxygen cost per step ( mL·step−1) was significantly greater and not equivalent on the treadmill at 120 and 133 steps per minute: 0.43 (0.12–0.56), P < .05, MAPE = 10.12% versus 1.40 (1.01–1.76), P < .001, MAPE = 17.64%, respectively. Conclusion: The results suggest that there is a difference in energy cost per step of walking on a treadmill and overground at the same step rate. This should be considered when utilizing the treadmill in energy expenditure studies. Studies which aim to provide step recommendations should focus on overground walking where most walking activity is adopted.

A compendium of G-protein–coupled receptors and cyclic nucleotide regulation of adipose tissue metabolism and energy expenditure

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan P. Ceddia ◽  
Sheila Collins
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Beige Adipocytes ◽  
Nucleotide Regulation ◽  
Ucp1 Expression ◽  
Thermogenic Adipocytes ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Abstract With the ever-increasing burden of obesity and Type 2 diabetes, it is generally acknowledged that there remains a need for developing new therapeutics. One potential mechanism to combat obesity is to raise energy expenditure via increasing the amount of uncoupled respiration from the mitochondria-rich brown and beige adipocytes. With the recent appreciation of thermogenic adipocytes in humans, much effort is being made to elucidate the signaling pathways that regulate the browning of adipose tissue. In this review, we focus on the ligand–receptor signaling pathways that influence the cyclic nucleotides, cAMP and cGMP, in adipocytes. We chose to focus on G-protein–coupled receptor (GPCR), guanylyl cyclase and phosphodiesterase regulation of adipocytes because they are the targets of a large proportion of all currently available therapeutics. Furthermore, there is a large overlap in their signaling pathways, as signaling events that raise cAMP or cGMP generally increase adipocyte lipolysis and cause changes that are commonly referred to as browning: increasing mitochondrial biogenesis, uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression and respiration.

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