If complexity is your problem, learning classifier systems
(LCSs) may offer a solution. These rule-based, multifaceted,
machine learning algorithms originated and have evolved in
the cradle of evolutionary biology and artificial intelligence.
The LCS concept has inspired a multitude of implementations
adapted to manage the different problem domains to
which it has been applied (e.g., autonomous robotics, classification,
knowledge discovery, and modeling). One field that
is taking increasing notice of LCS is epidemiology, where
there is a growing demand for powerful tools to facilitate
etiological discovery. Unfortunately, implementation optimization
is nontrivial, and a cohesive encapsulation of implementation
alternatives seems to be lacking. This paper
aims to provide an accessible foundation for researchers of
different backgrounds interested in selecting or developing
their own LCS. Included is a simple yet thorough introduction,
a historical review, and a roadmap of algorithmic components,
emphasizing differences in alternative LCS implementations.